Iimpawu nezizathu
I-Melancholia yinkcazo enzulu yokudakumba okukhulu. Ngolu hlobo lokudakumba, kukho ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwintlalo kuzo zonke okanye phantse yonke into.
Igama elithi 'melancholia' linye yegama elide kakhulu elisetyenziswe kwingqondo. Liye lajikeleza ukususela ekubeni uHippocrates wayilungisile ngekhulu lesihlanu BC, kwaye lithetha "ibhola elimnyama" ngesiGrike. Oku kulungile kuba uHippocrates wayekholelwa ukuba ubuninzi bebhile ebomnyama, enye yezinto athi "I-Humours Four," yabangela i-melancholia.
Iimpawu ebezibekwe phantsi kwe-melancholia ziphantse zifana neempawu esizisebenzisayo namhlanje, kuquka ukwesaba, ukungafuni ukutya, ukulala, ukungazinzi, ukukhathazeka nokudabuka.
Izizathu
Ukuqala kwezi ziqendu akuqhelekanga ngenxa yesiganeko esithile, kwaye nangona kukho into enhle eyenzekayo, isimo sengqondo somntu asiphuculanga, kungekudala.
Ukucacisa uhlobo lweengxaki zempilo yengqondo onalo, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa abacacisi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unesixinzelelo esinzima ngeempawu ze-melancholia, unokuthi ufumaneke ukuba unesifo esixhalabisayo (ugula ngokubanzi) kunye neziganeko ezincibilikiweyo (iimpawu ezithile).
Ezinye izinto ezinokuqwalaselwa ziquka:
- Ukuxhuzula
- Ingxaki yeCyclothymic
- Ingxaki yokuhlala ecinezelekileyo
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yokuphazamiseka kwemiba
- Isifo sokugula esasisifo se-Premenstrual
- Ukudandatheka okubangelwa ziziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, imithi enqunyiwe okanye ukugula
Abantu abadala, izigulane kunye nalabo abonakalisa iimpawu zengqondo zengozi enkulu yokudakumba kwengcinezelo.
Iimpawu
Ukufunyaniswa ukuba unempawu ezincibilikisayo, kufuneka ube ncinane ubuncinane kwezi ziimpawu:
- Umgangatho ogqithisiweyo woxinzelelo oluthile olubonakalisa ukudimazeka okukhulu, ukuphelelwa lithemba, okanye ukungabi nalutho: Awubuhlungu nje okanye uphantsi ngenxa yesiganeko sokuphila, njengokufa komntu othandekayo. Oko uvakalelwa kukukhulu kunako.
- Ukuxinezeleka kuyaqhubeka kuqhubeka kakhulu ekuseni
- Ekuseni ekuseni ukuvuka okungenani ezimbini iiyure ngaphambi kokuqhelekileyo
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kweso sihlandlo, ukucotha ukunyakaza okuqhelekileyo, okanye ukuphazamiseka , ukunyuka kunye / okanye ukungahambi kakuhle
- I-Anorexia okanye ukulahleka kwesisindo
- Iphulo elingaphezulu okanye elingalunganga
Unyango
Ngenxa yokudakumba kwengcinezelo, amayeza ahlala ecaleni ukuba kufuneka ukuba kubonakala ukuba unomthombo wezinto eziphilayo. Ngamanye amagama, kuba ngokuqhelekileyo akubangelwa ziimeko zangaphandle, izizathu zibonakala zibangelwa ikakhulu ngenxa yohlobo lwe-genetic nokusebenza kwengqondo, kufuneke ukuba unyango olusebenza kwizizathu ze-biological ezifana nokusebenza kwengqondo.
Iintlobo zeengcinezelo ezingasetyenziselwa ukuxinezeleka okuxutywayo ziquka:
- I-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiweyo: Le miyeza isebenza ngokutshintsha indlela i-serotonin ye-neurotransmitter esebenza ngayo kwingqondo, ukuphucula imizwa. Iintlobo ezinje ziquka iPrac (i-fluoxetine), i-Paxil (i-paroxetine), i-Zoloft (i-sertraline) kunye ne-Lexapro (escitalopram).
- I-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (i-SNRIs): I- SNRI iyathintela indlela bobabili i-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrine basebenza kwingqondo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo yiCymbalta (duloxetine) kunye ne-Effexor (venlafaxine).
- I-Norepinephrine kunye ne-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs): I- Wellbutrin (bupropion) yodwa imithi kule klasi echaphazela i-norepinephrine kunye ne-dopamine.
- I-anti-depressant atypical: Ezi zonyango zichaphazela iikhemikhali zengqondo ezibonakala ziphucula imizwa. Imizekelo yamayeza kulolu hlobo yiRemeron (mirtazapine), i-Oleptro (i-trazodone), i-Brintellix (vortioxetine), ne-Viibryd (i-vilazodone).
- I- ricyclic antidepressants (TCAs): Ezi zizukulwana zokuqala ezixinzelelekileyo kwaye zinokuba nemiphumo engaphezulu kuneenguqulelo ezintsha. Eli klasi liquka iTofranil (imipramine), i-Pamelor (nortriptyline), kunye ne-amitriptyline.
- I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (ii-MAOIs): Eli elinye iklasi elidala labaxinzelelo beengxaki ezinokuthi zibe nemiphumo emibi kodwa ingaba yinto efanelekileyo kubantu abathile. Iipilisi eziphambili kule klasi ziyiParnate (tranylcypromine), uNardil (phenelzine), kunye noMarplan (isocarboxazid).
Imithombo:
Telles-Correia, D, Marques, JG. "I-Melancholia ngaphambi kwekhulu lemashumi mabini: ukwesaba nosizi okanye ukunyaniseka kwincinci?" Umda weeNgqondo . 2015; 6: 81.
Dewhurst WG. "I-Melancholia kunye noxinzelelo: Kwii-Hippocratic Times kuya kumaxesha anamhlanje." I-Journal ye-Psychiatry ne-Neuroscience . 1992; 17 (2).
"Ukudandatheka (ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwengxaki)." IMayo Clinic (2015).