Ukukhuthaza iMpilo ngaphandle kokufuna ukuzilahla
Ukunciphisa ukulimala kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokunciphisa umonakalo owenziwe ngotywala, iziyobisi kunye nezinye iziphatho zokulutha, kunye nokujongana nemicimbi ephakamileyo yempilo kunye neentlalo, ezifana nokudluliselwa kwe-HIV. Ixesha lokunciphisa ukulimala lingasetyenziselwa ukuchaza iinkolelo zefilosofi ezisezantsi kwizicwangciso kunye neenkqubo, okanye zingasetyenziselwa ukuchaza izicwangciso kunye neenkqubo ezisekelwe kuyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izicwangciso zokunciphisa ukulimala zisetyenziswa ngokubambisana nezinye iindlela, ezifuna ukuziyeka .
Ngaba Ukunciphisa Amachiza Kukhuthaza Ukusetyenziswa Kweziyobisi?
Ukungaqondi kakuhle malunga nokunciphisa umonakalo kukuba kukuvumela okanye kukukhuthaza ukusebenzisa iziyobisi. Ukunciphisa amaninzi ekunciphiseni ubungozi kuxhasa injongo yabantu ekusebenziseni ukungabikho kotywala, iziyobisi kunye nokuziphatha kakubi, kodwa qaphela ukuba kubantu abaninzi, le nkqubo ithatha ixesha, kunye nexesha elide ngelixa umntu eselayo, usebenzisa iziyobisi, okanye ukubandakanyeka kwezinye iimeko zokulutha, bobabini kunye nabantu ababajikelezayo bafumana ingozi yokulimaza.
Imizekelo yokuNcipha koMngcipheko
Ukusela nokuLawula iMithetho
Nangona kuyaziwa ukuba kwanamanani amancinci atywalayo anokuchaphazela abantu ukuba bakwazi ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo, imithetho yokuqhuba nokushayela ivumela abaqhubi ukuba babe nexabiso elincinci lotywala egazini labo. Ukugxininiswa akukona ekupheliseni ukusetyenziswa kotywala kubaqhubi ngokupheleleyo kodwa ukubeka umda apho ingozi enkulu yokubangela ingozi enkulu ichazwe.
Ukusela kunye nokushayela imithetho akukhuthazi ukusela; ngokwenene badikibala. Kodwa bayamkela into yokuba abantu abaninzi baya kusela ngandlela-thile ngaphambi kokuba baqhube, kwaye ukuba ingozi ebantwini kuyancipha ngokugxininisa abantu ababi kakhulu.
IiNkonzo zeeNtshintsho zeeNtshu
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezifana ne-heroin ayikho mthethweni, kodwa kunobungozi bokunciphisa amanxephezelo ezinaliti ezicocekileyo eziza kubonelelwa ngabasebenzisi beziyobisi ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho umonakalo obangelwa kubasebenzisi beziyobisi ngabanye, inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kunye noluntu ngokupheleleyo ukuba abasebenzisi beziyobisi begciwane bayagqithisa i-HIV kunye nesifo se-hepatitis komnye nomnye ngokusebenzisa ukwabelana kweenaliti.
Iiprogram zokutshintshisa iinaliti azikhuthazi ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Enyanisweni, ngokuqhelekileyo banokuqala ukudibanisa nabasebenzisi beziyobisi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zonyango lweziyobisi. Kodwa bayamkela ukuba abantu abaninzi baya kujoba iziyobisi nokuba baneenaliti ezicocekileyo okanye cha, kwaye bakhetha ukuba abagula baze bafe ngenxa yesifo.
Izixhobo eziKhuselekileyo
Iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokungenwa kwinqanaba liye linyathelo elingaphezulu kuneenkonzo zokutshintshisa iinaliti ngokubonelela indawo ekhuselekileyo apho abantu abanokufaka khona iziyobisi, iinaliti ezicocekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza, kunye nokulawulwa kwenkqubo yokujola ngabasebenzi bezonyango. Ukongeza kwiinjongo zokunciphisa ukulimaza iinkonzo zokutshintshiselwa kwintsalane, oko kukunciphisa ukudluliselwa kwe-HIV, i-hepatitis kunye nezinye izifo, kunye nomonakalo obangelwa zizixhobo ezingcolileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukujova, amagumbi okukhusela okukhuselekileyo anika indawo ekhuselekileyo kunye ncedo olukhawulezileyo xa kunokugqithisa .
Izibonelelo zokukhusela izikhuselo azikhuseli ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa-zinikeza uxhulumaniso phakathi kwabasebenzisi abasebenzisayo beziyobisi kunye neenkonzo zonyango, ezifana ne- detox .
Kwaye basindisa ubomi obuya kulahleka kwiziyobisi.
Iikhondom zamahhala
Ukwabelana ngesondo kunokuba ngumlutha wokuziphatha, kwaye kunokukhokelela ekukhulelweni okungenakulungiswa, kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko sokuba iikhondom zamahhala zihlawulwa ngezinye iinkonzo njengenkonzo yokunciphisa intlungu kukunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-STD, ngokuthe ngqo kwi-HIV.
Iikhondom zamahhala azihanjiswanga ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba balalane ngesondo. Iinkqubo ezazisasazayo ziyabona ukuba abantu banesondo esingakhuselekanga ngezizathu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwaye ukuba izinto ezinjengeentloni kunye nentlupheko zingayifumana indlela yokuthenga iikhondom. Zithintela ukugula ezininzi kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nesondo esingakhuselekanga.
Imithombo:
UDenning, uP., Little, J. kunye no-Glickman, A. Ngempembelelo: Isikhokelo sokuNciphisa ukuHlaba uLawulo lweZiyobisi kunye noTywala. ENew York: Guilford. 2004.
UMiller, W. kunye noMnuz, R. Ukulawula Ukusela Kwakho: Izixhobo zokwenza iModeration Work For You. ENew York: Guilford. 2005.