Ukuphila ngengxaki yokuxhalaba xa ukhulelwe kuyongeza uxinzelelo kwixesha elijongene nelo xesha lobomi bakho. Kwimeko yesifo sokuxhalabisa (GAD) , ukukhathazeka okungapheliyo okubangelwa yintlupheko kunokukunqanda ukuba ujabulele amava okukhulelwa-ukususela ngexesha ufumanisa kude kube lude emva kokuba umntwana wakho azalwe.
Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unenkxalabo engapheliyo yokuba uzive ungabikho kolawulo lwakho, cinga ngokukhankanya indlela ozivakalelwa ngayo ugqirha okanye omnye ugqirha wezempilo.
Ubuninzi be-GAD ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Siyazi ukuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-6 zoluntu ziya kuba nama-GAD ngaphezu kobomi babo, kwaye nangaliphi na unyaka, malunga ne-1 kuya kwe-3 ekhulwini abantu baya kuhlala ne-GAD. Ingxaki leyo iqheleke kabini kubafazi njengabesilisa, okwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhulelwa.
Isantya se-GAD ngexesha lokukhulelwa siboniswe ukuba sibubanzi be-8.5% ukuya kwi-10,5 ekhulwini. Nangona kunjalo, i-disorder iyancipha ukuba ihambe phantsi kwaye ingaba nzima ukuyixelela ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngendlela efanayo, ibhinqa eyayisoloko ikhuselekileyo ingahlakulela i-GAD ngexesha lokukhulelwa, mhlawumbi ihambelana nezinguqu zokwenza nama-hormone, isimo sengqondo, kunye neimbopheleleko zentlalo (umzekelo, ukushiya umsebenzi, ukulungiselela ukukhulisa intsapho).
Uphando lwango-2011 lubonise ukuba iimpawu zokuxhalaba zihlala ziphezulu kwi-trimester yokuqala kwaye zinciphisa xa zikhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi abafazi bane-GAD ehamba kunye nezinye iingxaki ezifana nokudakumba, okubangela ukuba bona, kunye nabantwana babo abangakazalwa, bafumaneke kakhulu.
Ziziphi iingozi ze-GAD ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ucwaningo olude lwango-2015 lwabafazi abaneengxaki ezinkulu zokudandatheka kunye ne-GAD kubonise ukuba abo abane-GAD ngaphezu kokudakumba babenomgangatho oswelekileyo wobomi kwaye banokukhathazeka ngokuqhubekayo.
I-GAD engabonakaliyo ingakhokelela ekukhuliseni ukukhulelwa njenge-low birth weight, ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iingxaki zokuphuhliswa kwegazi, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwinkqubela ngexesha lomsebenzi.
Xa usana lwakho lufika, unokuba neengxaki zokulawula iimfuno zentsana kunye nokuphuhlisa umtshato kunye nosana lwakho.
Izinketho zokwelapha kwi-GAD ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Unyango lwe-GAD ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokubandakanya i-psychoeducation, unyango, kunye / okanye amayeza. Ukwelashwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kufakwa kwimeko ekhethekileyo yomama, ngokuqwalasela ubunzima bakho beempawu kunye nomlando wokuxhalaba:
- I-Psychoeducation ibalulekile kumanqanaba okuqala kunye ngexesha lokuxilongwa, ukukunceda ukunciphisa ukungafuni nokunyaniseka kwaye kukhokelela ekunyilweni ngempumelelo.
- Ulwaphulo olunjenge- cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) lisetyenziswe rhoqo kwiimeko ezincinci ze-GAD okanye ngokunxulumene namayeza kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. I-CBT inokubandakanya ukuhlengahlengiswa kwengqondo, ukunyanzeliswa, ukuqeqeshwa kokuphumula, kunye nokunyangwa kwengqondo.
- Amachiza angasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) ekhethiweyo (umz., Prozac, Cipralex) iya ku miselwa. I-Benzodiazepines ingasetyenziselwa ukuphathwa kwexesha elifutshane lokuxhalabisa.
- Inkxaso nayo ibaluleke kakhulu ekujonganeni. Ukuba unayo i-GAD kwaye ukhulelwe, funani inkxaso evela kwintsapho, abahlobo kunye noluntu ukukunceda ukuhlangabezana nayo.
Ngaba Ndiyakuthabatha Amachiza kwi-GAD ngoxa ekhulelwe?
Ukuba unayo i-GAD kwaye ukhulelwe, unokuzibuza ukuba ngaba ukhuselekile ukuba uthathe amayeza.
Ngelixa isigqibo esona sihle sishiye kugqirha wakho, ngokuqhelekileyo unyango lunqunywe xa iinjongo zicingelwa ukuba zibe ngaphezu kweengozi. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba unobandezeleka obunokukhubazeka obunokuchaphazela ngokungathandekiyo ukukhulelwa kwakho, amayeza anokuba yinto efanelekileyo.
I-SSRI iwela i-placenta kodwa ibonwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iintsana zoomama ezithatha i-SSRI ngexesha lokukhulelwa zingase zihlupheke nge- neonatal syndrome, ezinempawu ezifana ne-jitters, ukuxhalabisa inkathazo kunye nokunyaniseka. Le ngxaki ibonakala malunga nama-10 kuya ku-25 ekhulwini kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuvalelwa ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, kodwa kufuneka isombulule kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7.
Ukuba uthe wathatha i-benzodiazepines rhoqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umntwana wakho uya kujongwa kwakhona ngemiphumo emibi yeyeza.
Unokuzibuza kwakhona malunga nokuncelisa. Ezinye ii-SSRI zinexinzelelo ephantsi kubisi lwebele-ukwenzela ukunyamezela ukubelesa ngelixa la mayeza angenakuphikiswa. Nangona kunjalo, igalelo elide lexesha elide lala machiza kumntwana okhulayo alisaziwa ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka uqikelele inzuzo kunye neengozi ngogqirha wakho.
ILizwi
Unokuzibuza ukuba ngaba uxanduva lokukhulelwa ukuba unayo i-GAD. Xa unyangwa ngempumelelo, akukho sizathu sokuba kutheni umfazi onama-GAD akufanele abe nabantwana. Yenza isicwangciso kunye nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulawula iimpawu ukuba zivela kwaye zidibana rhoqo ukuze kugcine ukukhathazeka kwakho.
> Imithombo:
> Isibhedlele sezingane ze-BC. Ukuxhalabisa Okuqhelekileyo.
> Buist A, Gotman N, Yonkers KA. Isifo sokukhathazeka ngokuqhelekileyo: inkalo kunye nemingcipheko yokukhulelwa. Ichaphazela ukungavumelani . 2011; 131 (1-3): 277-283. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jad.2011.01.003.
> Goodman JH, uChenausky KL, MP MP. Ukukhathazeka ngokuxhalabisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa: ukuhlaziywa okucwangcisiweyo. J Clin Psychiatry . 2014; 75 (10): e1153-1184. i-doi: 10.4088 / JCP.14r09035.
> Misri S, Abizadeh J, Sanders S, I-Swift E. I-Perinatal Ingxaki yokuXhalabisa ngokuKhuselekileyo: UkuHlola kunye noTyango. J Womens Health (Larchmt) . 2015; 24 (9): 762-770. i-doi: 10.1089 / jwh.2014.5150.
> I-Misri S, i-Swift E. I-Generalized Distress Disorder ne-Major Depression Disorder kwi-Women's Pregnant and Postpartum: Quality Quality of Life and Outcomes Outcomes. J Obstet Gynaecol Unako . 2015; 37 (9): 798-803. i-doi: 10.1016 / S1701-2163 (15) 30150-X.