I-teknoloji inceda ufunde indlela utywala obonakalisa ngayo ingqondo
Ukulungiswa kwitheknoloji ye-imaging iye yanceda abaphandi bezolimo ukuba bahlole indlela utywala obonakalisa ngayo izitho zangaphakathi, ezifana nengqondo kunye nesibindi. Ukusebenzisa i-tomography ye-computed (CT), i-imagery magnetic resonance (MRI), kunye ne-imagination tensor imaging (DTI), abaphandi bafumana imiphumo efanelekileyo yokusela.
Uphando lwezakhono luye lwabonisa ubudlelwane obumanyeneyo phakathi kokusela okunzulu kunye nokulimala kwengqondo, nangona kungabikho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kotywala obukhulu-izifo zesibindi okanye isifo sengqondo sokutywala utywala.
I-Brain Shrinkage kunye nokuziphatha kakubi kotywala
Ukutshatyalaliswa kubonakala kubanzi kakhulu kwi-cortex ye-lobe yangaphambili, ekholelwa ukuba iyisihlalo semisebenzi ephezulu yengqondo. Le ngqungquthela ivame ukunyuka ngobudala, ubuncinane kumadoda.
Ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiweyo kweqela labadakwa abaqhubeka bephuza kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala kubonakalisa ukunyuka kwengqondo okuqhubekayo okugqithiseleyo ngokugqithiseleyo ukuguqulwa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo. Umlinganiselo we-cortex shrinkage yangaphambili uhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nomlinganiselo wobutywala obudliwe.
Kodwa le shrinkage iye yabonwa kwimiba yengqondo ejulile, kubandakanywa izakhiwo zobuchopho ezinxulumene nememori , kunye ne-cerebellum, enceda ukulawula ukulungelelanisa nokulingana.
Ingqondo izama ukuhlawulela ezi lahleko ngokusebenza kwimimandla yengqondo ukwenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo eyenziwa yimizi ye-shrunken. I-MRI esebenzayo ibonisa ukusetyenziswa kweminye imimandla kwizifundo zokuxiliswa kotywala xa kuthelekiswa nezifundo zolawulo.
Oku kwenza abanxilisayo bakwazi ukugcina umsebenzi njengoko nje ubuchopho babo balimala ngotywala.
Ukuguqula iMiphumo yoTywala
Injongo ephambili yokucinga ngophando lotywala kukubona ukutshintsha kwimiba ethile yengqondo engakwazi ukuhambelana neziphathamandla ezinxulumene notywala. Ukucingwa kwe-cerebellum kuye kwadibanisa ukudibanisa kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-balance balance and gait.
Oku kunokukhokelela ekuwa, ngokukodwa phakathi kotywala .
Abaphandi abavumelani ngempembelelo le ntsholongwane yengqondo inokulahlekelwa kwememori kunye nezakhono zokuxazulula iingxaki. Ezinye iingxelo azibonakali miphumo, ngelixa abanye babike ukulahleka okuthile kwezo zakhono ezinxulumene nokuxilongwa kwengqondo etywala utywala.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziphumo zihlala ziguqulwa ngokuzila utywala . Kwaye ukuyeka ukusela emva kweeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine kuye kwabonisa ukuguqula imiphumo yokulahlekelwa kwememori kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki. I-MRI ibonisa ukubuyiswa kwevolumu yomzimba emva kwexesha lokuziyeka. Kodwa xa umntu onxilisayo ebuyela ekuphuzeni abonisa ukunciphisa okuthe xaxa kwimizimba yengqondo yomzimba.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwangoko kwindlela yokwenza i-imaging kuvumela abaphandi ukuba bafunde utywala ngokuxhomekeke kubo . Iingcali zenzululwazi ziqala ukulinganisa iziphumo zotywala kwiimvakalelo, izimo zengqondo, ukuthanda, kunye nokuqonda ngenkquba kunye nokuvavanya ukusebenza komzimba, umzimba kunye ne-neurochemical engqondweni, "watsho ngaphambili I-NIAAA UMlawuli we-Enoch Gordis, MD "Le mithombo yezobugcisa iteknoloji ayiyi kunceda nje kuphela inkunkuma yotywala kodwa nayo yonke imichiza yonyango apho i-biology kunye nokuziphatha kudibene kakhulu."
> Imithombo:
> I-Rosenbloom MJ, i-Pfefferbaum A. Ukubonwa kwemifanekiso ye-brain engqondweni: ubungqina be-brain degeneration phakathi kwezidakwa kunye nokuziyeka. Utywala lwezeMpilo . 2008; 31 (4): 362-76.
> Zahr NM. Ukucatshulwa kwezakhiwo zesakhiwo kunye nengqungquthela yengqondo ekusebenziseni ukusetyenziswa kotywala kotywala. I-Handbook ye-Clinic Neurology Utywala kunye neNkqubo yeNervous . 2014: 275-290. i-doi: 10.1016 / b978-0-444-62619-6.00017-3.