I-GABRG3 Inombutho onxulumene noTywala
Izazinzulu zihlalutya i-DNA kubantu abangaphezu kwe-10 000 abathatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zonyango zotywala kunye neentsapho zabo baye bafumanisa umthwalo obonakala udibene nomngcipheko wokusela utywala.
Imfuza ihambelana nomlambo ovumela ukuhamba kwe-Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) phakathi kweeseli zesisindo. I-GABA yikhemikhali ekhuselekileyo ekukhuselweni kwenkqubo ye-nervous.
Uphononongo ngowokuqala ukufumana unxibelelwano phakathi kwesi sifo kunye nokuxhomekeka kotywala , abaphandi bathi.
IGenesis kunye neempembelelo zoTywala
"Kwakukho imigca yobungqina obuvela kwezinye izifundo - izifundo zezilwanyana, izifundo ze-in vitro - eziphakamisa ukuba i-GABA receptors ibandakanyeke kwimiphumo yokuziphatha kotywala," kusho umlobi okhokelayo uDanielle M. Dick, Ph.D., uphando lootitshala oncedisayo i-psychiatry e-Washington University School of Medicine eSt. Louis. "Ngenxa yokuba i-GABA receptor gene ifuna ukuba ngabaviwa kunye nezifundo zangaphambilini zadibanisa le ndawo kwi-chromosome 15 ukuya kutshatyalaliswa kotywala , sithe satshatyalaliswa kwizinto ezintathu zeGABA zokufumana izifo kodwa safumana ukusebenzisana okubalulekileyo nomnye wabo."
I-National Collaborative Study kwi-Genetics of Alcoholism (i-COGA) yiprojekthi ebandakanya udliwano-ndlebe kunye ne-DNA sampuli kubantu abangaphezu kwe-10,000 abantu abasuka kwizigulane kunye nabantwana babo.
Iintsapho kuhlolisiso lwe-COGA zihlala zinamalungu athile ngokuxhomekeka kotywala.
Utywala lwe-Alcohol Gene
Olu pho nonongo luyingxenye yeprojekthi yeCOGA. Abaphandi bahlalutya i-DNA kwiintsapho ezingama-262, abantu abangama-2,282. Zazihlukanisa ezintathu zentsholongwane kwi-chromosome 15-GABRA5, GABRB3 kunye ne-GABRG3 - ehlala eduze kakhulu kwi-chromosome.
Ukusebenzisa amanqaku abizwa ngokuba yi-SNPs (i-nucleotide polymorphisms enye), ahlola ukungafani phakathi kweentlobo zegciwane.
Indlela echaphazela ngayo ingozi engaziwayo
Abamakishi babonisa ukungalingani kwemfuyo encinci bebonakala bengathintela umngcipheko wokuxhomekeka kotywala , kodwa kuphela kwimizimba yegesi: GABRG3.
"Ayaziwa ukuba iGABRG3 ithonya njani umngcipheko wobutywala," abaphandi bathi. Uphando oluphambili lucetyise iikhemikhali ezandisa ukwenziwa kwe-GABA receptor umsebenzi onokugxininisa imiphumo yokuziphatha kotywala, njengokwehla, ukulahleka koxinzelelo kunye neengxaki ngokuxhunywa kwemoto. Ngokuchasene, iikhemikhali ezinciphisa umsebenzi we-GABA receptor zingaba nempembelelo eyahlukileyo.
Indlela yokuTywala?
"Oku kubonisa ukuba ngandlela-thile ukufumana i-GABA ingabandakanyeka kule miphumo yokuziphatha," kusho uDick. "Kodwa asikwazi kakuhle ukuba njani, ngoko asikwazi ukuxelela ukuba yintoni indlela eya kuphuma kwiGABA ye-receptor gene to alcohol."
"Ukufumanisa ukuba i-GABA ibandakanyeka ekusebenziseni ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala nokuxhomekeka kwenkxaso kuxhaswa ingcamango ekhoyo ekhoyo ukuba i- alcoholism ingaba yindlalifa njengenxalenye yesimo esiphezulu seengqondo," kusho uDick. "Abantu abasengozini yokusela utywala banokufumana ilifa leendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezifaka isandla kulo mbuso.
Mhlawumbi utywala ubeka umgangatho wokubhokoxa, okhokelela abantu abanesistim somnyoba wokusebenzisa utywala ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze kulungelelaniswe izijikelezo zengqondo. Oko ke, bekuya kubabeka engozini enkulu yokuphuhliswa kotywala. "
Akuyi kutshabalalisa ukuba yiNxila
Uthe kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba ukuveliswa kwemvelo akuthethi ukuba umntu uya kutshabalaliswa ekubeni ngumnxila.
"Esinye isizathu sokuba kunzima ukufumana izakhi zofuzo ezibandakanyekayo kwizifo zengqondo kukuba kukho intsebenziswano phakathi kwezinto zobomi kunye nezendalo," utsho. "Umntu unokukwazi ukuthwala zonke iintlobo zezakhi zofuzo eziza kubangelwa ukuxhomekeka kotywala, kodwa ukuba akaze athathe isiselo, abayi kuba ngumlwala."
Umthombo:
Dick, DM, et al. "Umbutho we-GABRG3 kunye noxhomekeke kuTywala." Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye novavanyo lukaJanuwari 2004