Izinto ezininzi ezibangela Ubungozi Bobunzima beBoil Drinkers
Nangona kuyinyaniso ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kubangela ukulimala kwengqondo enkulu, ininzi yaloo monakalo inokuguqulwa ngokuzilahla kunye notywala abanokufumana ixesha elide lobunzima nangona kunqongophala kokwenza izigqibo.
Iziphumo ezininzi zophando ziye zafumanisa ukuba ubuchopho babantu abaneengxaki zokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kotywala luncinci kwaye lukhanya ngaphezu kobuninzi babantu abangenalo utywala.
Ubuchopho bezonxilisayo "buqhathaniswa" bufaniswa nobuchopho obungabonakaliyo.
Le ngqungquthela yokuchophaza ichaphazela "i-wiring" yengqondo eyasetyenziswa yimimandla yengqondo ekunxibelelaneni neminye imimandla kwaye ichaphazela iinxalenye zengqondo evumela i-neurons ukuba idibanise ne-neurons engumakhelwane.
Ubuncingo obunzima beBrain
Ingubo ebomvu yengqondo kwi-cortex ye-cerebral ilawula ubuninzi beengqondo eziyinkimbinkimbi yengqondo. I-cortex igcwele i-neurons edibanisa iifayili kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yengqondo kunye nakwezinye i-neurons ngaphakathi kwengqondo kunye nomgudu womgogodla. Imizobo yentsholongwane yimiba emhlophe yengqondo okanye "i-hard-wiring".
Ezi zibopho ezinomnxeba zinemifutshane emininzi, eninzi ebizwa ngokuthi i- dendrites ehamba njengengcambu yomthi ukuvumela i-neurons "ukuthetha" nezinye i-neurons. I-neuron iyakwazi ukunxibelelana nabambalwa abahlanu okanye abaninzi njengamanye ama-neurons angama-10 ngelo xesha.
Ezi zimbini zengqondo - umbandela omhlophe okanye i-wiring hard and-dendrites - yizona ezichaphazelekayo kakhulu kukutshatyalaliswa kotywala.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuchotshozwa kwengqondo akuyona kuphela umonakalo wokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunokukwenza kwingqondo. Utywala kunokubangela ukuba utshintsho lweekhemikhali kwingqondo echaphazela umsebenzi we-neurotransmitters.
Utywala lubangele iimeko ezinzima kwiBongo
Uphando oluphando oluninzi, kunye nezilwanyana kunye nezifundo zabantu, lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunokuvelisa ubuninzi obunobuthi, obunxilisayo kunye nondlo oluthileyo obangela ukuphuka kwengqondo kwizidakwa.
Ezinye zezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi azikaqondi ngokupheleleyo:
- I-Acetaldehyde, i-metabolite yotywala, ingabangela iziphumo ezinobungozi.
- Ukungondleki, ngokukodwa kwintlupheko ye-thiamine, kunokudlala indima.
- I-cirrhosis yesibindi nayo ingabangela ukulimala kwengqondo.
- Ukulimala kweNtloko kunye nokuphalazela ukulala kungabangela ukulimala kwengqondo.
Ukulimala kweNtloko kunye nokuphalaza kokulala kuqhelekileyo kwizidakamizwa kwaye kunokunokongeza kwimonakalo yengqondo. Kwakhona, utywala, utywala lwe-thiamine, kunye ne-cirrhosis zidibaniswe kwaye abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba banegalelo ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi yomonakalo wengqondo.
Utywala lweNkunkuma luya kuhlala luhlala njalo kwaye luhlala ixesha elifutshane
Umonakalo omkhulu owenziwe kwingqondo ngotywala unokuguqulwa xa umntu eyeka ukusela kwaye egcina ixesha lokuziyeka, kodwa ezinye zazo zizinzileyo kwaye azikwazi ukuchithwa.
Umonakalo ogqithiseleyo unobungozi obangelwa ngotywala ngumonakalo we-cell cell loss. Ezinye azizange zitshintshwe iiseli xa zilahlekile, kwaye ziquka ezo zikhonkwane zangaphambili, i-cerebellum kunye nezinye iindawo ezingaphakathi ngaphakathi kwengqondo, ngokutsho kophando.
Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo omkhulu otywala obangelwa ngu-shrinkage unokupheliswa nokuziyeka. Oko kufaka phakathi ukutshatyalaliswa kwezidendrites, ezo zifundo eziye zabonisa ziya kuqala ukukhula kwakhona kwaye zisasaze emva kweveki okanye iinyanga zokuziyeka. Oku kudibaniswe nomsebenzi wengqondo ophuculweyo.
Xa i-cirrhosis yesibindi iphathwa, uphando lubonisa ukuba enye ingozi yomonakalo ingabangela ukuba iqale ukujika. Ukulimala kwebhonkxa kwizidakwa ngenxa yobuthakathaka be-thiamine bunokuphathwa ngokulula ngamayeza e-thiamine, kodwa ukungaphumeleli ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokubangela ukuba umonakalo onomphela.
Utywala lubonakalisa Inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo
Esinye isizathu sokuba izidakirha zilungele ukuphinda ziphindwe ngumonakalo obunxilisayo obangela inkqubo yomvuzo yengqondo kunye nezakhono zokwenza izigqibo.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala okungapheliyo kushintshe inkqubo yomvuzo yengqondo ukuya kwimeko yokuba umphuzi wokufuna umvuzo uya kuba ngumzimba .
Xa oku kwenzekayo umntu oselayo unempembelelo enkulu ngokukhawuleza kunokufumana umvuzo wokulibazisa, kwaye kunjalo, izinto ezinomlingo ezinjengotywala zibonelela ngokukhawuleza umvuzo.
Ukusetyenziswa kotywala obunzima kwexesha elide kuthintela imisebenzi yangaphambili yomsebenzi wengqondo ebandakanya ukuvimbela, ukuthatha isigqibo, ukulungisa ingxaki kunye nesigwebo. Olu hlobo lomonakalo wengqondo lwenza kube nzima kubadakwala ukugcina ubunzima besikhathi eside .
Nangona kunjalo, uphando lufumene ukuba utywala banakho kwaye banqobe oku kuphazamiseka, njengokuba umonakalo ebuchosheni babo uqala ukuguquka, kwaye banako ukufezekisa ixesha elide, iminyaka emininzi xa bexhaswa ukuba benze njalo.
Imithombo:
Bartsch, AJ, et al. "Ukubonakaliswa kobuchopho bokuqala obuhlobene nokunqanda utywala." Ubunzima bukaDisemba 2006
Harper, C, et al. "I-Pathophysiology ye-Brain Shrinkage" kwiiNxila - iziTshintsho zeZakhiwo kunye neMolcular and Implications. " Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando ngo- Meyi 2006
Siggins, GR, et al. "I-Ethanol Augments GABAergic Ukuhanjiswa kwi-Central Amygdala ngeRFF1 Receptors." Inzululwazi ngoMatshi 5, 2004