Ngaba utywala obungabangela ukuvutha umsindo, ubundlobongela nobudlova?
Ubudlelwane phakathi kotywala kunye nobudlova bunkulu, ngokutsho kukaRobert O. Pihl, uprofesa wezesengqondo kunye neengqondo zeprayunivesithi yaseMcGill. "Utywala lubandakanyeka kwisiqingatha sazo zonke izigameko, ukudlwengulwa kunye nokuhlaselwa," watsho. "Kodwa iinguqu zolu dlelwane zinzima, yingakho nayiphi na uphando olujolise ekuchazeni olu lwalamano kubalulekile kuluntu ngokubanzi."
Izibalo ezivela kwiSizwe sikaZwelonke malunga nokuTywala kotywala kunye ne- Alcoholis m ukususela ngo-2015 ziqinisekisa ukuthetha kwakhe, kuquka:
- Abafundi abangama-696,000 abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 no-24 bahlaselwa ngumnye umfundi owayephuza.
- Abafundi abangama-97 000 abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 no-24 babika ingxelo yokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo okanye ukudlwengulwa komhla.
Isiseko seentlungu
Ukunyanyiswa kuyisiphumo somsindo. Kulula ukucinga ngale nto njengemeko yemoya eyenzekayo xa sithukuthela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuyimpendulo ekunyuseni kolunye uhlobo.
Enyanisweni, ubuntu bomsindo bubhekisela kumkhwa wakho jikelele wokuba nomsindo ongapheliyo ngexesha. Ukuba ungumntu onomsindo, udla ukufuna isisombululo esenza imiva yengqumbo. Oku kunokucacisa ukuba kutheni unomsindo udla ngokuqhathaniswa nomntu ongenalo buntu.
Uthukuthelo lweMpawu luLungisa lokuHlanyelwa
Ingqumbo yomsindo ichaza ngokugqithiseleyo abantu abaxhasiweyo abachaza amanqanaba aphantsi okulawula umsindo, ngokutsho kwiphando elipapashwe kwi-Alcoholism, uPhando lweZikliniki kunye noPhando.
Ukufumana ezi ziphumo, abaphandi bathatha aba-164 abesilisa abasebenzisayo ngentlalo abaneminyaka engama-21 ukuya kwe-35 ukuvakalisa ulwaphulo emva kokudla isiselo esinxilisayo okanye utywala.
Abathathi-nxaxheba baxelelwe ukuba baya kukhuphisana nomnye ngomsebenzi "wexesha lokuphendula", apho bafumana ukutshutshiswa kombane kumdlali.
Nangona usebenza kulo msebenzi okhohlakeleyo, owabandakanya amanqanaba aphakamileyo aphezulu okanye aphantsi okanye "ukucaphukisa," amava omncedisi womsindo ayengavunywanga ngokuhlola ngokusetyenziswa kweSistim Action Coding System.
Utywala lubangela ukuxhatshazwa
"Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kotywala kunokuvelisa ukutyekela kwabantu," kusho uDominic Parrott, umfundi ophumelele ekuqhubeni isifundo. "Izinto esizifumanayo ziqinisa ingqiqo yokuba utshwala buyandisa amathuba okusela abantu abathile, ngokukodwa abo banomdla wokuba bacaphuke baze baveze ingqumbo yabo, baphawule xa bethuka."
"Ukuba abantu bavame ukuveza ingqumbo yabo ngaphandle," utshilo uZeichner, "utshwala 'buya kuphakamisa umthamo,' ukuze umntu onjalo avelise umsindo ngokuphindaphindiweyo nangakumbi. isiselo sinamandla, kwaye kuya kuba lula xa umntu ejongene nokunyanzeliswa okuphantsi kwaye uyachukumisa. "
Intukuthelo, Utywala kunye noLudlo lwasekhaya
Ulwalamano olusondeleyo lusebambisene linye yindawo ekuxhalabisa kakhulu xa kuthethwa utywala kunye nomsindo. Oku kubhekisela kubantu abadala ekubudlelwaneni bexesha elide njengemitshato kunye nokuthandana kunye nodlova ngokwesondo.
Ngxelo ka-2017, abaphandi babelana ngeziphumo zabo zobudlelwane phakathi kotywala kunye nodlova. Esi sifundo kwakubandakanya amadoda angama-67 afundiswe ngaphambili. Izigqibo zolukuba utywala lwandisa ukwanda kobugwenxa kuloo madoda ayenomsindo ophezulu kunye nobunzima bokulawula umsindo. Kwakhona kwaphawula ukuba ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwakuphezulu kakhulu ngotywala, kwanabantu abanomsindo omncinci kunye nobunzima bokulawula umsindo.
Amanzi okuNxila kunye noTywala ngethuba elingeMngcipheko
Iikhocktails ezibandakanya iziphuzo zamandla kufuneka zibhekwe njengento enokubangela ukunyanzeliswa kwemivalo kwimivalo.
Kwesinye isifundo, abaphandi bahlolisise abantu abangama-175 abaselula abaxuba utywala kunye ne-cafeinated power drinks malunga nokutshutshiswa kwabo ngomlomo nangokwenyama kwintlanano. Uphando oluthe lufunekayo, kodwa isifundo safumana ukunyuka okwaneleyo kubantu abadla ezi ziphulo ukuba babhale "ingozi engozini" ekunyuseni ubundlobongela.
Ngaba unokuba usengozini? Thatha i-Quiz ye-Dangerous Assessment Quiz .
> Imithombo
- > Miller KE, Quigley BM, Eliseo-Arras RK, Ibhola NJ. Utywala udibaniswe neZiselo zoMniselo lweNkunkuma njengeSigqeba seNgcaciso yeSigxina seNkcazo kunye neNtetho kwiNgxabano zeBar. Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando. 2016; 40 (1): 161-9.
- > ISiko leSizwe malunga nokuTywala noTywala. IiNkcazo zeNkunkuma kunye neNkcukacha . 2017.
- > DJ Parrott, Zeichner A, Stephens D. Impembelelo yoTywala, Ubuntu, kunye nokukhungulwa kweNtshukumo yoBantu kuMadoda: Ukuhlaziywa kweCoding Facial. Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando. 2003; 27 (6): 937-45.
- > Shorey RC, McNulty JK, Moore TM, Stuart GL. Ulwaphulo lweMpawu kunye noLawulo olujongene nobushushu oluqhelekileyo Umbutho wesikhashana phakathi kokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nokulwa nodlova. I-Journal of Studies on Alcohol and drugs. 2017; 78 (2): 313-318.