I-Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia iyabonakala kodwa ikhulu kakhulu
Ukufunda umntwana wakho une-schizophrenia-okanye ukukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unako-unokuziva unqabile kwaye uyothusayo. Kodwa ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kunye nokonyango kubalulekile ekulawuleni iimpawu nokuphucula ukuxela kwexesha elide lomntwana wakho.
I-Schizophrenia yisifo sengqondo esibangela ukuba abantu basichaze into engokoqobo. Iquka uluhlu lweengcamango ezinengqiqo, ezengqondo kunye nezokuziphatha ezingonakalisa amandla okusebenza komntwana.
Ukukhula
Ukusetyenziselwa ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho phakathi kwexesha leshumi ekupheleni kweentshumi kunye neyeshumi-ntathu. Ubungakanani obudala bokuqala kwabesilisa kukuqala kwemashumi amabini kunye nakwabasetyhini kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini, kodwa inokwenzeka nanini na. Ezinye izifundo ziqikelela ukuba zichaphazela malunga nama-1 ekhulwini labantu baseMerika.
I-schizophrenia yabantwana, ebonakalayo ngaphambi kokudala iminyaka eyi-13, ifunyanwa kuphela kwi-1 yabantwana abangama-40,000. I-schizophrenia yabantwana ibonisa imingeni ekhethekileyo ngokuxilongwa nokunyango.
Izizathu
Iingcali zenzululwazi ayifumananga nesinye sezizathu ze-schizophrenia . Kucingelwa ukuba kukho imfuza ehlukahlukeneyo yemvelo kunye nendima edlala indima:
- Izifo ze-Genetic - Iintsapho, iimbini, kunye nokuthotyelwa kweengxowa-mali zixhasa inkxaso ye-genetic schizophrenia. Umngcipheko wobomi wokuphuhlisa i-schizophrenia i-5 ukuya kuma-20 amaxesha angaphezulu kwiidanga zokuqala zabantu abaye bafumanisa ukuba banesifo. Ukuba iwele elifanayo linokugula, amathuba okuba elinye iwele liza kuhlakulela i-schizophrenia lingaphezulu kwama-40 ekhulwini.
- Izinto ezinokusiNgqongileyo - Kungenzeka kubekho izinto ezithintekayo kwi-schizophrenia kubantwana, ingakumbi ukuba sele sele ikhona i-genetic components in play. Izifo ezingasemva kokubeleka, iingxaki ezinobunzima, kunye neendlala zomama zingadlala indima.
Iimpawu
I-hallucinations , ingxaki yokucinga, kunye nefuthe ephawulweyo ifunyaniswe rhoqo kwizingane ezine-schizophrenia.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kunye neempawu ze-cataton zivela rhoqo.
I-schizophrenia yasebuntwaneni idla ngokudibanisa nokulibaziseka kwengqondo. Ukuncipha kwengqondo kuya kwenzeka ngexesha lokuqala kwe-schizophrenia. Ukulahleka kweengqondo kubonakala kuzinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa okuqhubekayo.
Nazi ezinye iimpawu zesifo schizophrenia :
- I-Hallucinations - Ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekho apho
- Ukuxhamla - iingcinga zobuxoki ezikholelwa ngumntu kodwa kungabikho kwabanye
- Ukucinga okungahambi kakuhle - Ubonakaliswe ngentetho engenziwanga okanye engekhoyo
- Isithintelo sePlates - i- Monotone, inobunzima bomzimba obuncitshisiweyo, kwaye ibonakale ingenakukhathazeka
- Ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukucinga - Ukuthetha kuphela xa ukhuthazwa kwaye uphendula ngeempendulo ezimfutshane
- Ukuziphatha okungenangqondo - Ukungalunganga, ukungalunganga, okanye ukuziphatha okungahambelaniyo okungafanelekanga kwithuba lomntwana
Ikhosi
Ikhosi ye-schizophrenia ihluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu. Kodwa, kukho izigaba ezibonisa ukuba abantu bavame ukuva.
- Isigaba seProdrome - Uninzi lwabantu abane-schizophrenia bafumana ukungonakaliswa kokusebenza ngaphambi kokuqala kwempawu zengqondo. Ukuhoxiswa kwezenhlalakahle, ukukhathazeka okukrakra, ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga, ukuhluleka kwezemfundo, okanye ukuhla kohlambululo kunye nokuzinyameka kunokuqala ngaphambi kokuba kukho naziphi iimpawu zengqondo.
- Isigaba esilungileyo - Esi sigaba sibonakaliswe yimpawu ezivelele, ezifana neengcamango, ukukhohliswa, intetho engalungelekanga kunye nokuziphatha, kunye nokungonakali okukhulu ekusebenzeni. Esi sigaba sinokuhlala iinyanga eziliqela kuxhomekeke kwimpendulo kwonyango.
- Isigaba sokuphinda siphumelele / sokubuyisela - Emva kokuxhaswa kwengqondo yengqondo, kukho ixesha elide leenyanga xa umntu eqhubeka efumana ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Isithintelo sentlalo kunye nokuhoxiswa kwezenhlalakahle zihlala zikhona.
- Isigaba sokuhlala - Abantwana abane-schizophrenia banokuba neenyanga eziliqela okanye ngaphezulu phakathi kwezigaba eziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi abantu baya kuqhubeka bebanokukhubazeka. Abanye abantu abazange bathuthuke kwiimpawu eziseleyo kwaye baqhubeke benempawu nangona unyango.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Kunzima ukubona i-schizophrenia kubantwana. Abantwana abancinci banemifanekiso emihle kakhulu kangangokuthi baqhelekile ukuba babe nabahlobo abacingayo abaqhubela kuyo ingxoxo. Olu hlobo lokudlala nje alubhekiseli ukuba umntwana wakho ube neengcamango.
Izingane nazo azikho kakuhle ukuxelela abantu abadala ngempawu zabo. Xa abantwana abancinci bebuzwa imibuzo malunga neengcamango okanye ukukhohlisa, abaninzi babo bathi yebo. Kodwa, oko akuthethi ukuba baneengqondo.
Kunoko, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba baxele ukuba banezo zimpawu kuba baneengcinga ezingaphezulu, ukukhawulelana kwengqondo, okanye bahlukumeze umbuzo. Ngoko ukubuza umntwana wakho imibuzo enjengokuthi, "Ngaba ubona izinto ezingabonwa ngabanye?" Akunakukunika ingqiqo eninzi malunga nokuba umntwana wakho kufuneka abone ugqirha.
Iimpawu nazo ziqala ukuhamba kancane kancane. Ngexesha, nangona kunjalo, umntwana unokuhlakulela ingqondo yengqondo kwaye iimpawu zibonakala zicaca ngakumbi. Ukuba ubona ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa, iindlela zokutya ezingaqhelekanga, ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga okanye iingcamango, utshintsho kwimisebenzi yezemfundo, okanye ukuhlukaniswa kwezentlalo, qhagamshelana nodokotela wengane yakho.
Ekubeni i-schizophrenia ebantwaneni inqabile, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba iimpawu zivela kwinto enye. Kodwa kubalulekile ukufumanisa izizathu zenguqu oyabonayo.
Ukuxilongwa
Akukho vavanyo lwebhuyibhile ebonisa i-schizophrenia. Iingcali zempilo yengqondo zenza ukuxilongwa kusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi, emva kokuqokelela imbali epheleleyo, ukujonga umntwana, kunye nodliwano-ndlebe nomzali nomntwana. Ezinye iimeko kufuneka zikhutshwe ngaphandle.
Uninzi lweempawu ze-schizophrenia kubantwana zifumaneka nakweminye ingxaki, njengengxaki ye-autism, iziphazamiso zengqondo kunye neengxaki zengqondo.
Izimo zonyango zingabangela ukuba usengqondweni. Izifo zesifo se-central central, iintsholongwane ze-endocrine, i-syndromes ye-genetic, iziphazamiso ezizimelayo kunye nokutyhila okuyingozi kunokubangela ukuba abantwana babonise iimpawu ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwi-schizophrenia.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kungakhokelela kwengqondo. Amakhowe aseHallucinogenic, ama-stimulants, inhalants, kunye ne-cannabis zimbalwa zeziyobisi ezingakhokelela kwimpawu zengqondo. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezidakamizwa kunokukhokelela kwisifo seengqondo. Iimpawu zigqibe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki emva kokuba isicatshulwa siphelile.
Zonke ezo zimeko zimele zilawulwe ngaphandle kokuba i-schizophrenia isenokuxilongwa.
Unyango
Iyeza-antipsychotic yonyango lokuqala lwe-schizophrenia kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Abantu abane-schizophrenia basengozini enkulu yokuphindaphinda kwakhona xa unyango lwe-antipsychotic luyeka. Kubalulekile ukuba abazali bahlale beqhagamshelana nabagqirha ukuba bajonge iimpawu, iziphumo ezibi kunye nokuthobela.
Ukuthetha ngonyango kunokuba luncedo kubantwana abane-schizophrenia. Abantwana kunye nabazali babo banokuzuza ngokusesikweni kweengqondo kunye neeseshoni zokuxazulula iingxaki. Kungaba kubalulekile ukuba abantakwabo babandakanyeke kunyango ukuze baqonde ukuziphatha komzalwana okanye udadewabo.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwezakhono zentlalo, ukukhusela ukukhusela, kunye nokuqeqeshwa kwezakhono zobomi kunokusinceda. Abanye abantwana abane-schizophrenia bangadinga iiprogram zemfundo ezizodwa okanye iinkqubo zoqeqesho loqeqesho.
Ukuba umntwana uba ngumngcipheko kuye okanye kwabanye, i- hospitalization yengqondo ingafuneka . Unyango lwangaphantsi lunokuba luncedo ekufumaneni iimpawu phantsi kolawulo.
Ukunyamezela kunye nenkxaso
Ukufunda umntwana wakho une-schizophrenia-okanye ukukrokrela ukuba unako-unokuziva unkwantya kwaye unqabileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ufunde ngokubanzi njengoko unako malunga ne-schizophrenia kubantwana, nangona kunjalo, ukuze ukwazi ukuxhasa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukhusele umntwana wakho.
Buza ugqirha wengane yakho ngezibonelelo kwi-schizophrenia. Ukuya kumaqela enkxaso kubantu abanelilungu lentsapho elifumanekayo nge-schizophrenia banokusebenza njengengcebo yolwazi.
I-National Alliance kwiNgqondo Yengqondo, i-NAMI, inokuba yinto enexabiso elixabisekileyo. I-NAMI yintlangano yempilo yengqondo enabalingani basekuhlaleni abanika inkxaso, imfundo, kunye neenkonzo kuluntu lonke eUnited States. I-NAMI inakho ukukunceda ukufumana izibonelelo, izixhobo kunye nolwazi olufunekayo ukunceda umntwana wakho.
Kubalulekile ukunyamekela ngokwakho. Yiya kwiqela elixhasa okanye uzenze unyango. Ukulawula izinga lakho loxinzelelo kuya kuba yintloko ekuncedeni ukuba ulungele ngakumbi ukuxhasa umntwana wakho.
Prognosis
I-schizophrenia ye-Child-rising schizophrenia inxulumene nokusebenza okuphantsi kwengqondo kunye namazinga aphezulu empawu ezimbi kwixesha lokuphila. Ngokwe-2011 uphando olushicilelwe kwiiNtsholongwane zeMantla yaseMntla-Amerika, i -schizophrenia yokuzalwa kwabantwana idibene neentlupheko ezingaphezulu zoluntu ekukhuleni xa kuthelekiswa nalabo abanezinye izifo zengqondo.
Kwakhona kudibaniswe nomgangatho ophantsi wezithuba kunye nokuphila okungaphantsi kokuhlala ngokuzimeleyo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izifo zengqondo.
Iintsholongwane zinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuziphatha ngokuzibulala ngexesha lokuqala kwengqungquthela yengqondo. Ubuncinane ama-5 ekhulwini abantu abonisa iimpawu zesifo schizophrenia ngaphambi kokufa kwe-18 ngaphambi kokufa okanye ngokufa ngokukhawuleza kuhambelana nokuziphatha okubangelwa ukucinga kwengqondo.
Abantu abane-schizophrenia basemngciphekweni omkhulu weemeko zempilo zenyama ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, ukukhuluphala, i-hepatitis, isifo sikashukela kunye ne-HIV. Akukho mpiliso ye-schizophrenia, kodwa iimpawu zilawulwa ngonyango. Ukungenelela kwangethuba kubalulekile ekuphuculeni umphumo kubantwana abane-schizophrenia.
Imithombo
Umqhubi D, uGogtay N, uRapaport J. Ubuncinane be-Schizophrenia kunye ne-Early Sset Schizophrenia Iziphazamiso ze-Spectrum. Ingane kunye neNtsholongwane yeeklinikhi zeeNgqondo zaseNyakatho Melika . 2013; 22 (4): 539-555.
Falcone T, Mishra L, uCarlton E, et al. Ukuziphatha ngokuzibulala kwabantwana kunye nabantwana abaselula kunye neNgqungquthela yokuQala i-Psychosis. Schizophrenia Research . 2008; 102 (1-3): 153.
Gochman P, Miller R, Rapoport JL. I-Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: Inselele Yokuxilonga. Iingxelo zengqondo zengoku . 2011; 13 (5): 321-322.
UMcClellan J, i-Stock S, iKomiti ye-AACAP kwiingxaki zoMgangatho. Yenza iParamameter yoVavanyo kunye noNyango lwaBantwana kunye nabantwana abancinci ngeSchizophrenia. Umbhalo we-American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry . 2013; 52 (9): 976-990.