Iimpawu ze-schizophrenia zibonakala zibala kubantu abazibona. Nangona kunjalo, xa abantu befumana iimpawu ze-schizophrenic banokungacingi okanye abanengqiqo yokuba iingcamango zabo okanye iimpawu zabo ziyamangalisa. Ukungabikho kwengqiqo kunokwenza ukuba i-schizophrenia ibe yinkxalabo kwaye ibethuse ngabathandekayo.
Psychosis
I-Schizophrenia ibalwa njengesifo sengqondo.
Abantu abane-schizophrenia baneempawu zesifo sengqondo, isimo esingaqhelekanga sokuqonda apho imisebenzi ephezulu yengqondo iphazamiseka. Kwiengqondo zengqondo, ukuhlanganiswa kwemibono yomntu, iinkqubo zokucinga, iinkolelo, kunye neemvakalelo zibonakala zikhutshwe kwi nyaniso. Ezi zimpawu ziza kwaye zihambe, kwaye umntu unokubonakala eqhelekileyo ngamanye amaxesha.
Uninzi lweempawu ze-schizophrenia ziyimpawu zengqondo, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nempawu yengqondo ngaphandle kokuba ne-schizophrenia. Iimpawu ze-schizophrenia zikwahlula njengenye yeentlobo ezintathu: iimpawu ezintle (ezengqondo), iimpawu ezimbi , kunye neempawu zokuqonda.
Izimpawu ezintle zeSchizophrenia
Izimpawu ezintle ze-schizophrenia ziziphathamandla kunye namava omntu ogulayo ayenayo abantu abaphilileyo. Izimpawu ezintle zibhekiswa njengempawu zeengqondo, nangona igama le-psychotic lisetyenziswe ngezinye iindlela ezininzi.
Izimpawu ezintle ziquka:
- Ukuxhamla
Ukunyeliswa yienkolelo zobuxoki ezingenangqondo kwimeko yenkcubeko yomntu. Nangona wonke umntu unenkolelo engafanelekanga ngexesha elide, ukunyengelwa kwengqondo kunomgangatho obaluleke kakhulu. Abantu abaneengcinga zobuqhetseba bangakwazi ukuqiniseka ukuba iinkolelo zabo azikho.
- Hallucinations
Iintlukwano ngamava enkohliso angenaso siseko kwihlabathi langaphandle. Iingcamango zengqondo zenzeka xa umntu evuke ngokupheleleyo kwaye engekho ngaphantsi kwefuthe lotywala okanye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni. Iingcamango zophicotho-zincwadi (iindlebe zokuvavanya) kunye nemiboniso yezinto ezibonakalayo (ukubona izinto) ziqhelekileyo, kodwa umntu unokukwazi ukuchukumisa umgca (umzekelo, iibhugi ezikhwela kwesikhumba), ukunambitha okanye ukuvumba. - Intetho engahlekanga
Kwakhona waziwa ngokuba ngumbutho ongekho. Inkulumo yentlekele engqondweni, amazwi awaxhunyiwe kunye ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo eqhelekileyo yolwimi kodwa ehlanganisene ngokusekelwe kwizandi, isigqi, i-puns, okanye imibutho yamahhala. Nangona wonke umntu wenza iimpazamo zentetho, ingakumbi xa edinini okanye egxininisekile, intetho engabonakaliyo ngengqondo ngokusobala ayinqabile kwaye kunzima okanye ayikwazi ukuyiqonda. - Ukuziphatha kakubi okanye ukuziphatha kwe-cataton
Ukuziphatha okungazilungelelanisi ngengqondo akuyiyo injongo ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye ayinangqiqo kumxholo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuthatha iingubo zokubhukuda ukuze uhlambe kubalulekile. Ukuthatha iingubo kwi-bhasi kawonkewonke ngumzekelo wendlela yokuziphatha engalungelekanga. Ukuhleka ngamaxesha angafanelekanga okanye kungekho sizathu sendlela yokuziphatha engalungelekanga. Ukwamkela okungaqhelekanga ukunyanzelisa okanye ukuqhwala kukuziphatha kwe-cataton.
Izimpawu ezingekho phantsi kweSchizophrenia
Izimpawu ezingekho phantsi kwe-schizophrenia zichaza iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezingekho okanye ukunciphisa kumntu ogulayo. Izimpawu ezintle ziquka:
- Isalathisi sichaphazela
Izigulane ezichaphazelekileyo zichaphazeleka zibonakala zingenangqondo okanye zineengxaki ezincinci kakhulu. Bakhombise impendulo encinane kwiimeko okanye iimifanekiso eziphazamisayo okanye eziphazamisayo. - Anedonia
Izigulane zingenakukwazi ukufumana okanye ukuzivakalisa izinto eziye zafunyanwa ziyanandipha. - Intetho e nciphise .
- Ukungabi namanyathelo
Kwakhona kuthiwa ukuvuswa .
Iimpawu Zengqiqo zeSchizophrenia
Iimpawu zengqondo ze-schizophrenia zithetha ngendlela umntu acinga ngayo.
Nangona iimpawu zokuqonda zingasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-schizophrenia, ezinye ziqhelekile ngokugula.
- Unzima ukugcina ingqalelo
Ukungakwazi ukugcina ingqwalasela kubangela ukuba abantu abane-schizophrenia babonakale bendawo okanye "baphume kuyo." - Iingxaki zeMemori
I-Schizophrenia ivame ukuphazamisa imemori yokusebenza, yinto enememori oyisebenzisayo ukugcina izinto entlokweni yakho yokusebenza ngokusebenzayo, njengamadijithi yenombolo yefowuni ozoyifowunela. - Ukucwangcisa ubunzima kunye nokwenza imisebenzi
Ubangelwa ngokulawulwa kolawulo olulawulayo. Ulawulo olulawulayo yinkqubo yengqondo esivumela ukuba sikwazi ukunyathela amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukugqiba umsebenzi size siwenze ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olulawulayo lusenza sikwazi ukuphelisa impendulo yethu kwiziphazamiso ukwenzela ukuba kwenziwe into ethile. - Ukungabi nalwazi
Abantu abane-schizophrenia baneendawo ezithile ezibonakalayo ezingaboniyo ezibavimbela ukuba baqonde ukuba bayagula. Oku kuthetha ukuba abathandayo kunye nabanonophelo kufuneka bahlale beqaphele kunokwenzeka ukuba bancede isigulane silondoloze iinkqubo zonyango ukwenzela ukulawula iimpawu.
Imithombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Incwadana yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zeengqondo (5th ed.) . Arlington, VA: Ukushicilela kwe-Psychiatric yaseMerika.
> Morrison, J. DSM-IV Yenza lula: Isikhokelo seNtsholongwane yokuHlola. INew York: I-Guilford Press, ngo-2006.
> I- Schizophrenia: incwadana enemifanekiso echaza impawu, izizathu, kunye neyeza, ngolwazi malunga nokufumana uncedo kunye nokuhlangabezana. Iziko zeSizwe zeMpilo yengqondo. (2006) http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/schizophrenia/summary.shtml
> Torrey, EF Ukusinda kweSchizophrenia: Umqulu weeNtsapho, > Izigulane > kunye nabanikezeli, i-5 Edition. INew York: Abapapashi baHarperCollins, ngo-2006.