Iimpawu ezintle kwiSchizophrenia

"Ukungalungi" akuthi "kubi" kodwa ...

Izimpawu ezingekho phantsi ziquka iimpawu apho kukho ukwehla okanye ukulahleka kwintsebenzo yengqondo kuthelekiswa nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.

Ziziphi iziganeko ezingekho phantsi kweSchizophrenia?

1. Ukunciphisa kwimpendulo yeemvakalelo (i-kliniki kwikota: ikhuphe igalelo). Ingqalelo, le mpawu ifunyaniswa ngokusekelwe ekuqwalaselweni kokuziphatha kwesigulane - ngokuchasene nokungabikho komoya ochaziweyo. Isigulane esinomqobo esichaphazela isigulane sinokuthi sivakalelwe iimvakalelo kodwa asibonisi.

1. Ukuncipha kwiempendulo zengqondo (ingxelo yeeklinikhi: iyancipha inqanaba lomzwelo). Isigulane sinomuva omncinci xa kukho imvakalelo.
2. Imveliso yokunciphisa intetho (ixesha leklinikhi: intlupheko yentetho). Kukho intetho encinane. Isigulane sivame ukuphendula imibuzo eninzi nge-monosyllabic "yebo" okanye "hayi". Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukulibaziseka ekufumaneni amagama okanye kukho ixesha elide lokuhlukanisa izivakalisi okanye namagama kwisigwebo. Ukulibaziseka ukuthetha ngenxa yesigulana ukubeka ingqalelo kwizwi elivakalayo okanye imibono okanye nje ukungahlanjululwa kufuneka kuhluke kwiintlupheko zokuthetha.
3. Inzala eninzi. Ukunganakwa kuyimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze- schizophrenia . Isigulane sibonakala singabandakali, singenalo umdla nangemisebenzi eyisiseko (ukulungisa nokucoceka). Kukho ukungabikho kwenzondelelo ebanzi kunye nokungabikho kokukhathazeka kokubambisa izinto ezincinci kunye nemibandela ebalulekileyo (umzekelo, oko kukutya, ukuba izithintelo ziya kuhlawulwa njani, kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa intsapho ingasayi kubakho ukuxhasa).

1. Ingqiqo ecacileyo yenjongo. Isigulane sinenkinga enzima ekuxubusha intsingiselo okanye ukubaluleka kokubandakanya kwimisebenzi okanye kwiiprojekthi. Kungaba nzima ukufumana isigulane ukuchaza iinjongo ezifutshane kunye nexesha elide kunye nezicwangciso.
2. Umnqweno ophantsi wokunxulumana nabantu (kwiklinikhi yegama: ukuhla kwe-social drive). Ewe, oku kungaba ngumphumo wokungabikho komdla okubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izigulane zibonisa ukungabikho komdla ngokucacileyo ekuhlaleni kuluntu ngelixa ziqhubeka ziba nomdla kwiintlobo zeminye imisebenzi. Isigulana sinokuthi sibe nemiboniso yakhe yeTV, ayithandayo kwaye ilandele, kodwa xa ebuzwa ukuba kutheni ichitha ixesha layo yodwa, uthi akayinyamekeli inkampani yabanye. Inqaku, ukhetha ukuhlukanisa ngenxa yokuziva i-paranoid okanye ngenxa yezwi eliyalela ukuhlala yedwa kufuneka lihlukaniswe ukusuka ekuhlaleni kwe-social drive (ngokucacileyo, isigulane sinokukhetha ukuchitha ixesha nabanye xa beyeka ukumhlukumeza).

Yintoni Ebangelwa Ziimpawu Ezibi?

Akucaci. Nangona ezinye iingxelo zibike ukuba i-schizophrenia ilahleka kwiintsapho, akukho mnye umbutho owaziwayo wezofuzo ezibonakalisa iimpawu ezingekho phantsi kwayo okanye i-schizophrenia. Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, ngexesha lokuzalwa kwasebusika kwandisa umngcipheko we-schizophrenia, abantu abane-schizophrenia ezalwe ehlobo babonakala bengengozini ephezulu yeempawu ezimbi.

Iyintoni Inkqubo kunye nokuHlonyelwa kweZimpawu ezibi?

Inkqubo ibonakala iqhubekeka ngakumbi kwimpawu ezimbi xa kuthelekiswa neempawu ezintle . Abantu abanesiphene schizophrenia banempendulo engalunganga kunyango, ukusebenza kwezenhlalakahle kunye nokusebenza, kunye nobuninzi bobomi kunabantu abangenazo i-schizophrenia.

Njengoko iimpawu ezimbi zibonisa ukungaphumeleli ekusebenzeni nazo zibizwa ngokuba yimpawu eziphulukisayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-deficiency schizophrenia ayifani ngokufanayo nokulahleka okanye iimpawu ezimbi.

Amaxesha amaninzi, izigulane ezine-schizophrenia zinokuba nezibonakaliso ezimbi ezingaphezulu kweempawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakalayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, amanye amayeza anikezelwe unyango lwe-schizophrenia, njengesizukulwana sokuqala okanye i- antipsychotics ebonakalayo, unokufumana imiphumo emibi efana nokunciphisa umdla okanye ukunciphisa impendulo.

Njengoko ezi zimpawu zibangelwa amayeza, zibizwa ngokuba zizibonakaliso ezingekho phantsi kwesibini . Kwakhona, iimpawu ezimbi zingase zize zihambe ngexesha le-schizophrenia.

Ukulahleka kwe-schizophrenia ifumaneka xa izigulane zinalo:

1. Ubuncinane ezimbini kwiimpawu ezi-6 ezibi.

2. Iimpawu ziyaqhubeka - zithetha ukuba zikhoyo ubuncinane omnye unyaka kwaye isigulane sibafumana ngethuba lexesha lokuzinza klinikhi.

3. Iimpawu ziphambili. Iiprayimari zithetha ukuba azikho ngenxa yezinye izizathu (jonga ngasentla - iimpawu ezingekho phantsi kwesibini).

Antipsychotics

I-Antipsychotics isebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekuphatheni iimpawu ezingekho phantsi ezibonakalayo ezibonakalisa iziphumo ezintle.

Ngokomzekelo, izigulane zinokuthi zihlale zihlala ngaphandle ngenxa yeenkolelo okanye amazwi abayala ukuba bangashiyi ekhaya. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-antipsychotics ephumelelayo ne-paranoia kunye neengcamango eziphicothiweyo kuya kubangela ukuhlalisana kwentlalo ephuculweyo. Izigulane ezingenakulungiswa ezifumana iimpawu ezintle nezibonakaliso ezingekho phantsi kwesibini kufuneka ziqale i-neuroleptic; Ukuba sele sele iphathwe, umthamo ungadinga ukwandiswa okanye mhlawumbi, ukuba imithi ithathwa njengento engasebenzi, kutshintshelwa kwenye iyeza.

Nangona kusebenza ngokumalunga neempawu ezintle zokuqala / izidalwa zokulwa ne- antipsychotics zinemiphumo emibi ye-neurological, efana ne-parkinsonism, enokunyusa iimpawu ezinobungozi. Xa izigulane ziphathwa nge-neuroleptics ebonakalayo zibonakala zihoxisiwe kwaye zinciphisa, ezinokuba ngumphumo wecala of neuroleptic. Ukuba kunjalo, umthamo wonyango ungancitshiswa okanye iyeza lingafuneka litshintshelwe kwisizukulwana sesibini / isypical antipyychotic.

Ukunyanzeliswa, ngokungafuneki kwinqanaba lokubangela umdla kunye nokukhuthaza, kunokunyangwa nge-anti-depressant.

Isizukulwana sokuqala / i-antipsychotics okanye i-antipsychotics yesizukulwana sesibini / i-atypical antiyytics iphucula iimpawu eziphambili kunye eziqhubekayo.

Ukungenelela kweengqondo-zentlalo ngokugxininisa ukuxhatshaliswa kweentlalo kubambe indima ebalulekileyo ekunyangeni iimpawu eziphazamisayo.

Unyango oluxhasayo lunikeza ithuba lokuthandana, apho isigulane sinikezelwa ngokungekho isigwebo, isiluleko sobulumko kunye nokuqinisekiswa.

Ulwaphulo lokuziphatha lufundisa izigulana ukuba zibone kwaye zibandakanye ekuziphatheni nasezenzweni eziza kuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Uqeqesho lwezakhono zentlalo luhlobo oluthile lwenyango yokuziphatha apho izigulane zifundiswa indlela yokubonisa iimvakalelo neemfuno, kubuza imibuzo, nokulawula ilizwi labo, umzimba kunye nesimo sombuso.

Ulwaphulo lweengqondo lujolise ekuqeqesheni isigulane ukubuza imibuzo nokulungisa iipateni zeengcamango ezibangelwa iimvakalelo eziphazamisayo.

I-Psycho-education yezigulane kunye neentsapho kunceda ekunciphiseni ihlazo kunye nokuphucula amathuba okubandakanyeka koluntu oluqhubekayo.

Njengoko unyango olusebenzayo lucacile, kukulungele ukudibanisa amayeza kunye nokungenelela kwengqondo kwezentlalo.

Ukufunda okuqhubekayo:

Kirkpatrick B, uFenton WS, Umbazi we-WT, uMarder SR. Ingxelo yesivumelwano se-NIMH-MATRICS ngeempawu ezingekho phantsi. Schizophr Bull . 2006; 32 (2): 214-9. i-doi: 10.1093 / schbul / sbj053.

Kirkpatrick B1, Galderisi S. Deficit schizophrenia: ukuhlaziywa. Ihlabathi leengqondo. 2008 Oct; 7 (3): 143-7

Kring AM1, Gur RE, uBlanchard JJ, i-Horan WP, i-SP Reise. Uvavanyo lweKlinikhi yoNgcono ngeeMpawu eziNtle (i-CAINS): uphuhliso lokugqibela nokuqinisekiswa. IJ Psychiatry. 2013 Feb 1; 170 (2): 165-72