Iimiphumo zotywala zingabinqandwa, izazinzulu zisithi
Izazinzulu ziye zazama iminyaka emininzi ukuchonga ngokuthe ngqo indlela utywala obuchaphazela ngayo ingqondo ngokuthembela ekuphuhliseni amayeza aza kunceda abantu abazama ukuyeka ukusela.
Ukuba sifunda ukuba utshintsho lweemichiza lwenzeka ntoni kwingqondo ngenxa yokudakwa kotywala, ngoko i-theory kukuba, sinokuhlakulela abachasayo abaza kubangela iziphumo zokusela utywala, okwenza kubekho mnandi ukusela.
Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba bafumene umbane wendlela ephantsi kweempembelelo zokuziphatha kotywala kunye nefuthe, kwaye xa ivinjiwe, unokuyeka ukuphazamiseka kotywala kwingqondo.
Amaziko Okuthabatha Ubomi
Ugxininiso lwale phando luye kwi-amygdala, inxalenye yesiphaluka kumaziko okuzonwabisa obuchopho. Kwiminyaka, abaphandi bayazi ukuba utywala uvelisa isenzo sakhe esinxilisayo ngokuququzelela i-neurotransmitter ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA).
I-GABA yinto engundoqo yokukhusela i-neurotransmitter kwaye isasazwa kakhulu kwingqondo. I-Neurons isebenzisa i-GABA ukutshintshela ngokucacileyo kwi-system ye-nervous.
Ucwaningo oluninzi lokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa luye lwabonisa ukuba umsebenzi we-GABA uyancipha kwiziko lovuyo lwengqondo ngexesha lokutsala utywala kunye nexesha elide lokuzilahla emva kokuba umntu ephuza ukusela - elo xesha lixa umlwelwe utyhekeleke kakhulu ukuphinda aphinde.
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba utshintsho kwimisebenzi ye-GABA kwi-amygdala ngethuba lokuqala lokukhawuleza lihamba phambili liyimbangela enkulu yokuphindaphinda kubantu abaphethwe ngotywala.
I-CRF iPeptide edibeneyo noTywala ukuxhomekeka
Xa uzama ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo indlela utywala obuchaphazela ngayo umsebenzi we-GABA receptor, izazinzulu kwi-The Scripps Research Institute zifumene ukuba xa i-neurons iboniswa ngotywala ikhulula i-peptide yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi- corticotropin-release release factor (CRF).
I-peptide ikhetho elifutshane lama-amino acids.
I-CRF iyi-peptide eqhelekileyo kwingqondo eyaziwayo ngokusebenza kwiimygdala zothando kunye nezimpendulo zokuziphatha kubaxinzelelo. Sekude kudityaniswe kwisimo sengqondo sokuphendula uxinzelelo, ukuxhalabisa nokuxinezeleka. Amanqanaba e-CRF akhula kwengqondo xa utshatywala.
Impembelelo yoTywala ingavalwa
Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonile ukuba amanqanaba e-CRF akhula xa izilwanyana zihoxiswa kotywala, nto leyo ingachaza ukuba kutheni abadakwala basengozini yokubuyela kuphinda bezama ukuhlala bengabikho ixesha elide.
Izifundo zezilwanyana ziye zafumanisa ukuba xa i-CRF receptor isuswe ngumonakalo wezofuzo, umphumo wotywala kunye ne-CRF kwi-GABA neurotransmission ilahlekile.
Kwi-Scripts study, uNeprofesa uGeorge Siggins kunye noogqirha bafumene ukuba xa befaka umchasana we-CRF, utywala alunasiphumo.
"Akunjalo kuphela abachasayo abavimba umphumo we-CRF ekuphuculeni ukuhanjiswa kwe-GABA, kwaye kwavalela umphumo wobutywala," kusho uSiggins. "Impendulo yayiphume ngokupheleleyo - utywala akakho nto."
Omnye ummkeli ochaphazelekayo?
I-Siggins ikholelwa ukuba ukuphuhlisa iyeza elithintela iziphumo ze-CRF, ngoko ke utywala, kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa zengqondo, kunokunceda abanxilisayo abazama ukuyeka ukusela ukuphepha.
Nangona kunjalo, isifundo esilandelayo kwi-Medical Centre ye-VA eDurham, eNorth Carolina yabona ukuba i-CRF kunye ne-kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) zombini zibandakanyekile ekuphatheni okuxinzelelekileyo nokuxhomekeka kweziyobisi.
Abaphandi baseNorth Carolina baphakamisa ukuba nayiphi na imithi enokujoliswe kuyo kwiimeko zokuziphatha nezomlutha kunokufuna ukubandakanya zombini ii-CRF kunye ne-KOR.
Imithombo:
Kang-Park, M, et al. "Ukusebenzisana kwee-CRF kunye ne-Kappa Opioid Systems kwi-GABAergic Neurotransmission kwi-Mouse Central Amygdala." Umbhalo we-Pharmacology kunye ne-Experimental Therapeutics ngoSeptemba 2015
Siggins, GR, et al. "I-Ethanol Augments GABAergic Ukuhanjiswa kwi-Central Amygdala ngeRFF1 Receptors." Inzululwazi ngoMatshi 5, 2004