Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwiikholeji zeekholeji
Kwileta evulekileyo ethunyelwe kwi-intanethi, iKenyon alumnus uMichael Hayes icacisa indlela iKholeji yaseKenyon yaseGambier, e-Ohio yenza ngayo ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ngoodadewabo, u-Chelsie. Kwileta yakhe, uthi ikholeji yamngcaza ukuthembela kwakhe kwaye yahluleka udade wayo xa inkqubo yokulawula eyinde ekugqibeleni ifunyenwe inetyala.
Iakhawunti yakhe ecacileyo yento eyenzekayo ayikho indaba engavamile kwiikholeji zeekholeji.
Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwiiyunivesithi zase-US yingxaki enkulu. Enyanisweni, kukho ubhubhane lokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kunye nomfazi omnye kwabahlanu kunye namadoda angama-16 ahlaselwa ngokwesondo ngelixa ekholejini, ngokubhekiselele kwiziko likaZwelonke loLwaphulo loLwaphulo-mthetho.
Yintoni Abafanele Abalawuli beKholeji?
Abameli bathi esinye sezizathu zokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ngokuqhubekayo kwiinkampu ziyaqhubeka ziphakamileyo kukuba abalawuli beekholeji bayaphika malunga nobubanzi beengxaki. Baphinde baveze iziteshi zokubika ezihlukeneyo; ixesha elide, iinkqubo zokunika ingxelo ezinzima; kunye nomnqweno wokugcina umfanekiso othile wesidlangalaleni njengesizathu sokuba amaxhoba kunye namatyala abo ancedisi ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngokutsho kukaVanessa Grigoriadis, umbhali we "Blurred Lines: Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo, amandla kunye neMvume kwiCampus," iipesenti ezingama-99 zeekholeji zoqhelaniso zokulwa nokuhlaselwa azisebenzi. Ngaphezu koko, uthi zonke izikolo zaseMerika zifundisa "imfundo yokumamela" iisemina ezenza abafundi bafunde ukuyeka ukuhlaselwa ngokwabo.
Kodwa yodwa inkqubo ebonakaliswe ukuba isebenza luhlobo oluphambili lokuzimela kwabasetyhini. Kwaye ngoGrigoriadis, iifunivesithi ezintathu kuphela zifundisa olu hlobo ngoku. Lawa yiOregon, iYunivithi yaseOhio, neYunivesithi yase-Florida Atlantic.
"Ndicinga ukuba izikolo ezininzi ze-Ivy League zenza umsebenzi obalaseleyo," kusho uGrigoriadis.
"Ndaphinda ndandifunde imigaqo ngokuphathelele ngokwesini ekhutshwe yiYunivesithi yase-Iowa, kwaye ndawafumana ekhangayo. Iifunivesithi zamaKristu ziye zanciphisa ukuthobela imithetho emininzi kwaye zikhusele abafundi babo besifazane, kodwa bayayibetha ngoku. isikolo esinendiza yebhola yebhola ekwenzeni itoni ingenakho inkohlakalo ngaphakathi kweli qela. "
"Iikholeji kufuneka zivume ukuba abantwana baseMerika bakha ubungqina babo ngokwesini xa bekholeji; nangona oko kungekho kwikharityhulam, yilokho abafundi abaninzi banokukwenza," kusho uGrigoriadis. "Ukuxhotyiswa ngolu lwazi, bafanele bajonge ngenkcubeko yabo yekcubeko. Akudingeki ukuba babhalise abantwana kwiimina-mfundiso zokuqhelanisa ngokungaqabane, nto leyo eyenzayo ngoku ngokufanelekileyo. ekulawuleni ubomi bezenhlalakahle kwiindawo zabo zokuhlala, ngokukodwa kwiimpembe ezilawulwa yindoda kunye namaqela ebhola. "
Encwadini yakhe, uGrigoriadis uthi iimyuvesi ziyakwazi ukuphucula imeko ngokunqanda amaqela angamaqabane ngexesha leveki zokuqala zeekholeji. "Abantwana baya kule mibutho ... bashiya nje amakhaya abo abantwana," ubhala. "Akufanele baxakeke kwinkcubeko yeqela eliyingozi ngexesha elifanayo."
Iingcebiso ezi-5 ze-College of Freshman
Kodwa kude kubekho iikholeji neeyunivesithi ziqonda ukuba zifuna ukuguqula indawo yentlalontle kwimigudu yazo kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo zokuqwashisa nokukhusela, uxanduva lokunyusa ulwazi lokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo luya kubazali nabafundi. Akudingeki ukuba baqonde ngakumbi ingozi yokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kodwa bafunde nendlela yokuzikhusela kwimimandla yabo entsha kwaye engaqhelekanga.
"Abaninzi baseMerika baqonda ukuba 'ukulwa nokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo' (xa umntu omaziyo ehlasela omnye umntu owaziwayo, njengokuba xa umphathi ephethe izandla kunye ne-Underling party). indlu kunye nodlwengulo), "kuchaza uGrigoriadis.
"Kodwa ndicinga ukuba ekholeji, bobabini bendoda kufuneka baqonde ukuba bajikelezwe ngetoni yabaziwayo, kungekhona wonke umntu onokuthenjwa."
Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo ezinikezwa nguGrigoriadis.
Qaphela "indawo ebomvu." Izazi zenzululwazi ezihlola ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo zibiza ukuqala komnyaka omtsha, "indawo ebomvu" okanye inxalenye engumngcipheko wobomi bekholeji. Enyanisweni, i-United Teachers, inkampani enkulu ye-inshurensi ye-inshurensi yaseMelika, iqikelela ukuba i-73 ekhulwini ze-kholeji zokuhlaselwa ngokwesini okanye ama-sophomores, kunye ne-88 ekhulwini labantu abadlwenguliweyo.
"Ngeli xesha, umfundi ongenasiphathi-ntliziyo (onentsingiselo yomntu omtsha ngaphambi kokungena entle) nguye osemngciphekweni wabo bonke abafundi kwi-campus yokuhlaselwa. Uza kuxhonywa kunye nomfana ongeke ameme ekamelweni lakhe ukuba sele esele eneqhosha elinxilisayo, mhlawumbi uya kutywala, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba wayenamava amaninzi okusela ngexesha elidlulileyo, "kuchaza uGrigoriadis.
Zonke ezi zinto zimbeka kumngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu wokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ngenxa yokuba yindawo entsha, eninzi ukuba kukho na oqhagamshelwano olunamandla. Ngaphezu koko, uGrigoriadis uthi abafundi abatsha akufanele baxhomekeke kwinkcubeko yeqela eliyingozi ngelixa baya kuphazamiseka. Basayina kwiiklasi, ukwenza abahlobo abatsha, ukufunda imephu yekampus, kwaye bavumele ukuba balinde.
Khumbula ukuba ngubani ohlobo bakho . "Abantwana namhlanje banangxaki yokuba abahlobo abanalo kwi-Facebook kunye no-Snapchat bahlobo babo," kusho uGrigoriadis. "Abo bahlobo abangama-500 'abahlobo babo ngokwenene kwaye bacinga ukuba bayingozi. Ukuba uya kwiqela, kwaye ucinga ukuba ujikelezwe' ngabahlobo, 'unokuba ngumntu onokumlandela umfana othi ufuna ukufumana ubhiya ukusuka kwipropati yakhe ukuya kuloo ndlu, kwaye ngaphambi kokuba wazi, uhlala kwigumbi elinomnyango ovalelwe kunye nomntu ongeyena umhlobo wenene. "
UGrigoriadis uthi efanayo iya kubafana. Bamele baqonde ukuba ukuthatha ikhaya labafazi beklasini abavakalelwa kukuba 'ngabahlobo' ngenxa yokuba bathandana nemifanekiso nganye kwi-Instagram kuyingozi.
"Abantombazana baye bathetha ngokuvakalayo malunga nendlela abaphulaphule ngayo xa bevalelwa ngamava amaninzi ezokwelaleni kwiikholeji, kwaye anifuni ukuba ngumnye walabo bantu abaphulaphula umntu nangona ungenalo," kusho uGrigoriadis. "Abafana badinga imigaqo yokuhlala kwabo ngokungaqhelekanga, kwaye enye yezo migaqo kufuneka ukuba ungathathi ekhaya nayiphi na intombazana ebonakala enxila ukuba avume."
Musa ukuzibandakanya kwiingxoxo zeqela . Ngokutsho kukaGrigoriadis, usoloko ecebisa abafana abatshatileyo ukuba bahlale bexoxa neqela nabanye abafundi.
"Akufanele baqale iqela leengxoxo kunye nabafana kwi-floor their dorm, okanye kwiklasi yabo yesibambiso, okanye iqela labo lezemidlalo." "Akukho nzuzo kulolu hlobo lwencoko yabantwana abanayo kunye no-4 ekuseni kwiingxoxo zeqela. Ngaloo busuku, le teknoloji iba yindlela yokuqhathanisa ngesondo. abanye abafana, oku akuyi kubandakanya ukuxhaphaza kwamantombazana. Ungakhohlwa ukuba uBrock Turner eStanford wayethetha ngeqela kunye nabafazi bakhe abavela kwiqela le-Stanford lokubhukuda ngelo xesha wahlasela loo ntombazana emva kwe-dumpster. "
Hlalani kwiqela ngamaxesha onke . UGrigoriadis uthi inamba yakhe enye inqaku lokungena kumantombazana angenayo ukuhlala kwiqela. "Njengokuba uyisimungulu njengoko unganamathele ndawonye emhlambini omncinci uhamba ngekampus ukuya kumaqela angamaqabane, yenza loo nto." Ungashiyi nayiphi na intombazana emva kokuba uye ekhaya.
Kwakhona ubonisa ukuba umngcipheko omkhulu wokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo awukho kwiqela langempela le-frat. Emva kweqela le-frat. "Xa usubuyela kumntu ohlala ngaphandle kwenkampu emva komcimbi ngenxa yokuba baphumelele kubhiya kwiphathi. Okanye nangona xa ubuyela e-dorm yakho ngo-2 ekuseni, kwaye unqume ukuba uphumelele kwigumbi lomfana udibana kunye nje ngaphambi kokuba ufumene isahlulo se-pizza edolophini kodwa kwenzeke ukuba uhlale phantsi ezimbini ukusuka kuwe. Udinga ukuba ucace ngokucacileyo malunga nokuba ungubani kwigumbi laloo mntu ngo-2 "
Wayegxininisa ukuba "ukuxhoma nje" akusizathu esicacileyo isizathu. "Ukuba ufuna ukumbambisana naye, mkhulu. Ukuba awufuni ukumbambisana naye, buyela ekamelweni lakho. Imida kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezintle zilapha apha. "U
Sebenzisa "yebo kuthetha uwe" njengesikhokelo . Kwixesha elidlulileyo, umthetho malunga nokulala ngokwesondo kukuba "akukho nto ithetha ukuba akukho" kuthetha ukuba ibhinqa lifanele lithi "cha" ukuze inqande ukuziphatha komntu. Kodwa uGrigoriadis uthi ufumene ukuba "ewe uthetha" ewe ".
"Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu ngoku kufuneka bacele okanye bafumane uhlobo oluthile lwesigxina malunga nokuba umfazi ufuna ukulala ngesondo," utsho. "Ukuthula akusekho imvume. Inkwenkwe yayingathi, 'Ngaba ulungile nale nto?' Yaye intombazana inokuphendula. "
Ingakumbi, ukuba intombazana itywala kakhulu ukuba iphendule ngoweewe, ke ayikho into engavumelekanga. UGrigoriadis uvakalelwa ukuba esi sikhokelo esitsha siza kusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba iimyuvesi ziyamkela.
ILizwi
Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwiikholeji zeenkolishi yinkinga ekhulayo abazali nabafundi kufuneka bathathe ixesha lokufunda ngokubanzi. Kwaye kuba iikholeji zase-US kunye neeyunivesithi zizama ukufumana ukutshintsha kwemozulu yesondo, uxanduva lokufundisa abantu abangenayo malunga nobungozi bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo luwa kubazali kunye nabafundi ngokwabo. Ngaphezu koko, abazali kunye nabafundi kufuneka baqonde ukuba ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwiikholeji zekholeji kuhlukile kunombono oqhelekileyo wokudlwengulwa.
"Asikhulumi ngomntu ongaziwayo efihla ehlahleni ngaphandle kwelayibrari. Kwaye maxesha amaninzi asinakuthetha ngogonyamelo olwenyama okanye ngamaqhinga okuxhaphaza," u-Grigoriadis uchaza. "Le nto iyisiphukuphuku, ikhulile, kwaye yebo, ukuziphatha kakubi ngabafana abaselula abawela umgca xa becinga ukuba bangabaleka."
Isibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-kholeji yakho i-freshman ayiyiqondi nje kuphela ukuba ingozi iyinyani kodwa iyazi nendlela yokunciphisa amathuba okuza kwenzeka kuyo ebomini bakhe.
> Imithombo:
> I-Grigoriadis V. Iimfayili ezithintekayo: Ukuhlaziya i-Sex, Power & Consent kwi-Campus, eHorton Mifflin Harcourt, eNew York, ngo-2017.
> Izibalo NgezoThatshazo zoSondo, iZiko leZiko loLwaphulo loLwaphulo lweSizwe, ngo-2015. Http://www.nsvrc.org/sites/default/files/publications_nsvrc_factsheet_media-packet_statistics-about-sexual-violence_0.pdf