Iingcebiso eziNcedo zootitshala nabazali
Ingxaki yokusweleka / ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa (okubizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD) yimeko eqhubekayo ebuntwaneni kwaye ibonakaliswe iingxaki ngokuqwalasela, ukulawulwa kwefuthe kunye nokunyaniseka. Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe leMpilo yengqondo (NIMH), i-ADHD ingxaki malunga nama-9 ekhulwini kwabantwana baseMerika ukusuka kwishumi elinesithathu ukuya kwishumi elinesibhozo, kunye namakhwenkwe aphindwe kane emngciphekweni kunamantombazana.
Ukuba ungumfundisi wengane ene-ADHD, olu luhlu lwezicwangciso ezilishumi elinesibhozo ezilula ukubanceda abafundi bafunde.
Isicwangciso seKlasi
Imithetho yeklasi yokufundela kufuneka icaciswe kwaye igqitywe kwaye ihlaziywe rhoqo kunye nomfundi. Kunceda ukuba umntwana aphinda abuyele imigaqo, ukulindela okanye enye imiyalelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayaqondwa. Le mithetho kufuneka ithunyelwe ngokugqithiseleyo eklasini.
2. Ngenxa yokuba abafundi abane-ADHD banokubakho iziphazamiso, bahlalise umfundi kufuphi nomfundisi. Qinisekisa ukuba uhleli kude neziphazamiso ezilula, ezifana nezango, iifestile, indawo ze-cubby okanye ipencil sharperers.
3. Nika umfundi rhoqo kunye neempendulo ngokukhawuleza malunga nokuziphatha.
4. Thatha umfundi ukuba ube mhle kwaye umnike udumo ngokukhawuleza. Ungayithobeli iimpawu ezimbi ezingekho nto kwaye zingaphazamisi.
5. Sebenzisa imivuzo kunye nezikhuthazo ngaphambi kokuba ujeziswe ukukhuthaza umfundi kunye nokunceda uhlale evakalelwa ngolu hlobo njengendawo efanelekileyo.
Shintsha umvuzo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukunceda umfundi ukuba angabi nantoni.
6. Vumela abafundi ukuba bahambe ngokukhawuleza ukuhamba (ukukhupha okanye ukuqokelela izinto, ukuqhuba iifayile kwiofisi okanye kwezinye iindawo kwisakhiwo esikolweni, ususe ibhodi, ufumane isiselo samanzi emthonjeni wamanzi, njl.).
7. Vumela ukungazinzi emsebenzini kwindawo. Vumela abafundi ukuba bamise edeskini xa kumnceda ahlale emsebenzini.
8. Faka iteksi kwikhalenda yenkcazo kwideskiti yomfundi kunye nemithetho yeklasi ebhaliweyo. Ncedise ukuba agcine umkhondo we shedyuli ngokuyihlolisisa kunye naye ngamaxesha ahlukahlukeneyo emini aze amlungiselele utshintsho ngalunye.
9. Mciphisa iziphazamiso, ingxolo eqhubekileyo, ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo, i-clutter, njl. (Kwabanye abantwana abane-ADHD ukuphulaphula "ingxolo emhlophe" okanye umculo ovela kumnatha ongasondlayo unokunceda ukugxininisa nokugxila).
10. Ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi womfundi. Ukuphuka umsebenzi ube ngamacandelo amancinci.
11. Nika isicatshulwa esisodwa okanye ezimbini . Gwema "ukulayisha ngokukhulula" ngolwazi oluninzi.
12. Beka isandla kwisigxina somfundi, isandla okanye ingalo ngelixa uthetha naye ukuze amncede ahlale egxile kwizinto ezithethwa.
13. Vumela umfundi ukuba abambe i-"koosh ball" encinci okanye i-silly putty okanye into echaphazelayo ukuba ayisebenzise. Ukuvuselela oku kufutshane kukunceda ukugcina i-ADHD umntwana igxininise.
14. Ukuba isikolo siyavuma, abanye abafundi bayazuza ngokusula i-gum ukukhulula amandla kwaye bagcine ingqalelo.
15. Hlela izifundo ezinzima kunene ngexesha lokusa xa umfundi (kunye neklasi yonke) ehlambulukileyo kwaye engancinci.
16. Musa ukusebenzisa ukulahleka kwekhefu ngenxa yokuziphatha okubi. (Izingane ze-ADHD zinenzuzo kwintsebenzo yomzimba eyenzeka ngexesha lokuphumla kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ingabhekisela phambili kulona msebenzi).
17. Sebenzisa amaxesha, iimpawu zengxowankulu, okanye izivakalisi zomlomo ukubonisa ukuba ixesha elingakanani umfundi usele kulo msebenzi.
18. Bambisana nomfundi "nomfundi ofundayo" - oontanga onobubele kunye novuthiweyo onokuncedisa ukukhumbuza okanye ukucima umntwana xa ephuma.
Isicwangciso esiyimpumelelo sokufundisa ngokuphumelelayo abafundi abane-ADHD kubandakanya i-triad equka imfundo yezifundo, ukungenelela kokuziphatha, kunye nokuhlala kwamagumbi okufundela.
Xa ezi zicwangciso zisetyenziselwa rhoqo eklasini, abayi kuxhamla kuphela abafundi abane-ADHD kodwa yonke indawo yokufunda.
Imithombo
Iziko leZwelonke lezeMpilo yengqondo - Ukunyamekela ingxaki yokukhubazeka
URoberlia, B. (1997). Iingcebiso zokusebenzisana nabafundi be-ADHD babo bonke ubudala. Umbhalo wezeMfundo zeNzululwazi , 20 (1), 51-53.
ISebe leMfundo le-United States (2008). Ukufundisa Abantwana abanengxaki yokukhathazeka Ingxaki yokuzikhuphaza: IziCwangciso zoQeqesho kunye neZenzo.
Ehlelwe nguJenev Caddell, PsyD