Ukusebenza kwiKhaya: Okubandezelekileyo Kunokuba Ucinga!
Nangona abantu abaninzi bejonga ukusebenza ukusuka ekhaya njengenjongo yobhaliso bomsebenzi-jikelele wobomi , abo bafumana ngokwenene benza umsebenzi wabo ukusuka kwikhaya ingxelo ephezulu yexinzelelo, ngokutsho kwe- 2017 isifundo esenziwa yiZizwe eziManyeneyo . Enyanisweni, kule ngxelo yamazwe angama-15, kuquka i-US, i-UK, iJapan, i-India, iBrazil, i-Argentina, iBelgium, iFinland, iFransi, iJamani, iHungary, iItali, iNetherlands, iSpain neSweden, kwafumanisa ukuba i-41 ekhulwini "abasebenzi abahamba phambili" (abo babesoloko basebenza basekhaya) bacinga ukuba baxineke kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa nama-25 ekhulwini kuphela abo babesebenza kuphela kwisiza.
Ingxenye yale nto ingakho ngenxa yokuba abo basebenzayo bevela ekhaya bajongene nemingeni ejongene nale ndlela yokuseta. Nangona kunjalo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yolu xinzelelo lubangelwa ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwezixhobo eziphathekayo, mhlawumbi ezingenasibindi ekukhanyeni kolunye uphando oludibanisa amanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo kumkhwa wokujonga rhoqo umnxeba . Okuthakazelisayo, kukho iinkalo eziliqela ezinxulumene nokusebenza ukusuka ekhaya ukuba zombini ukwandisa nokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
Kuyinyaniso ukuba abaninzi abantu bathanda ukuguquguquka okuza kusebenza ukusuka ekhaya: ukuvuka nokulala ngexesha elithile elichazwe ngaphezulu kwexesha lomzimba lomntu kunye nezinto ezithandayo ziya kukhulula ngokumangalisayo. Ingakwazi kwakhona ukuphuma kwisandla kwaye uzive uxinezelekile, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhululeke kwisakhiwo esathi uziva uvalelwe. Ngokufanayo kunye nenkululeko ekusebenzisaneni nabasebenzi abasebenzisayo . Nangona abaninzi abantu banokufumana inkululeko yokukhetha abo basebenzisana nabo ngemini (kwaye bathande ukuphepha ukuphulaphula i-office, izikhalazo kunye nezopolitiki), banokumangaliswa yedwa abazibandakanyayo xa ukusebenzisana kwabo kungekho ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye kufuneka ubeke umgudu wokubona nabani na.
Uninzi lwezi zinto lunokulinganisela ngaphandle kobulumko, kodwa uvavanyo lwe-UN lwangoku nje lubonisa ukuba ukunyaniseka okongeziweyo kwizixhobo eziphathekayo kunokushukumisa isihlwele esivela emsebenzini ukusuka kwinqanaba elixinzelelekileyo. Ukuxhomekeka okuphezulu kwii-smartphones kunye nee-laptops kudibaniswa namazinga aphezulu okuxinzeleleka ngaphezu kwendlela yokuhlala yedwa kunye nokulala, ezo zombini zidibene ngokuxinzeleleka ngakumbi.
Ezi zihlandlo zinokumangaliswa kumntu omtsha ukuba asebenze ekhaya, kodwa baqhele ukuba namava. Ziyimithombo eqhelekileyo yoxinzelelo. Nakhu okunye nakweminye imithombo yoxinzelelo ephakamileyo kulabo abahlala apho basebenze khona, babe nexesha lokuhamba, kwaye abanako ukuqonda ukuba abodwa emithonjeni emangalisayo yokuxinzezeleka abajongene nayo.
Yintoni Eyona Nkxalabo Ngokusebenza Ekhaya?
Uninzi lwabantu luyamangaliswa yingcinezelo abavakalelwa ngayo xa inzuzo yokusebenza esuka ekhaya iyancipha kwaye uxinzelelo lwemingeni yayo iyacaca ngakumbi. Nangona abo baxinzelelo bekungabikho okufana nexesha elide lokuhamba, abasebenzisana nabo abanobutyhafu, okanye ukuvakalelwa ukuba bangabodwa, basasaza. Nazi ezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo zokuxinezeleka ezijongene nabasebenzi abaninzi.
Ukungabikho koLwakhiwo
Uvakalelwa ukungabikho kwemida xa ufuna ukuqala ukusebenza (kwaye unqume!), Xa kufuneka uvuke uze ulale, xa ukuphuma kwiimidiya zentlalo nokuningi kunokuziva ngathi inkululeko yokukhulula. Noko ke, oluvakalelo lunokuthi lube lugalelo lwangaphantsi kwintlungu yokungalawulwa ngabaninzi abangalindelanga. Iiyure zomsebenzi ezinokuthi ziguquguquke zingaba yimizuzu emininzi yomsebenzi njengoko unzima ukulwa neziphazamiso uze wenze yonke imisebenzi yakho, okanye ingaba yimisebenzi emfutshane kakhulu xa abanye bevalelwa ukuba banelungelo lokuba ixesha lethu ngenxa yokuba abaqondi ukuba bayaphazamisa "iiyure zokusebenza" kuthi.
Kamva amaxesha okulala angenela kwiishedyuli zokulala ezingaphantsi. Kwaye iindaba zoluntu zinokuchitha ixesha lee-productivity xa siyazi ukuba kunobungozi bokuba abanye beza kwindawo yethu yokusebenzela kwaye bafuna ukwazi ukuba kutheni sisahlala kwi-Facebook okanye kwi-Twitter.
Kubantu abaninzi, eso sakhiwo esiye saziva sithinteka sinokuvakalelwa ngathi sinokusikwa kwindlela esingazenza ngayo ubomi bethu; Kungaba nzima ukudala isakhiwo esifanayo ukuba asiyikuqonda ukuba kufuneka ibe yedwa. Kwakhona kunokuba nzima ukuba usebenze ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kwalo.
Ezininzi iziphazamiso
Njengoko kubonisiwe, abantu abaninzi bayakhohlwa ukuba abo basebenza ekhaya basadingeka basebenze- kuquka, ngamanye amaxesha, abo bafanelekile ukuba baqhuba ukusebenza!
Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu bangabiza kwiiyure zeentsuku kwaye bangayiqondi ukuba, "Ndiyaxolisa, kufuneka ndisebenze ngoku," kusebenza njengokuba, "Ndiyaxolisa, ndiya kukubiza xa ndiphuma umsebenzi, "xa beyazi ukuba ubeka iiyure zakho. Ingxaki kukuba kunokuphazamiseka yonke imini, kwaye iiyure zomsebenzi zifuneka ukuba zibe yiyure kwaye kungekhona ukulandelelana kwamacandelo amacandelo ambalwa ngexesha, njengoko bambalwa bethu basebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngale ndlela.
Oku kunokuthetha ukuba iindwendwe zobusuku zingenakuqonda ukuba abantu abasebenza ekhaya bangadinga ukuvuka baze basebenze kusasa kunokuba bathathe i-brunch ngokukhawuleza, okanye bangadinga indawo yokuzimela okanye bangakwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo xa beqala ukugxila kwiimbopheleleko zabo zomsebenzi. Abaceli, amalungu omndeni (ingakumbi abantwana), abahlobo abanentsingiselo kunye nabamelwane banokubangela iziphazamiso kulo lonke usuku, kodwa oko akupheli uluhlu lwezinto eziphazamisayo.
I-imeyile, umabonwakude, kunye neengoma ze-siren zeendaba zentlalo zinokusilahleka njengoko kubonakala ngathi kulula ukuzisebenzisa emininzi imizuzu kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwiiyure ezi zinto. Iindaba zentlalo zinokubonelela ngenjongo yokubonelela ngefowuni ekugqibeleni. Xa sibheke phezulu, kusenokumangalisa kodwa ngokusemandleni ukubona ukuba iiyure zidlulile zingenakuveliswa kwemveliso, zibeka uxinzelelo ngakumbi kulo lonke usuku.
Uluhlu lweMida yokubeka iMida
Ukubeka imida kubalulekile xa usebenza ukusuka ekhaya. Oku kunjalo, kunokuba nzima ukuba abantu abaninzi balindele. Ukumisela imida nabanye , njengoko kuchaziwe, kunokuba nzima xa abantu balindele ukuba kufuneka ube nexesha lokuthetha xa bekwenza. Ukumisela imida ngokwakho kunokuba nzima nakakhulu xa uvakalelwa ukungabi nokhuthazo. Xa usebenza ukusuka ekhaya ukwenzela ukuba unakekele abantwana bakho emini okanye emini, kungenza kube nzima nakakhulu njengoko unokuziva utyunjwe phakathi kokunyaniseka okukhuphisanayo kwaye uxineke uxanduva lwakho lweendima ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, kunokuba ngumngeni ukubeka imida kule miba, kwaye loo mida ingaba ngumngeni.
Isolation Social
Abo basebenza ekhaya bangakufumanisa ukuba ukuhlala yedwa kungabakho ikrele eliphanga kabini. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kulula ukugxila xa uhlala kwikhaya lakho ngaphandle kwabasebenzi abasebenzisanayo beza kwidesksi yakho ukuxoxa ngezihlandlo ezingaqhelekanga. Kodwa ngelixa le ndlela yodwa inokuziva ivuyisa ngamanye amaxesha, xa singenalo igunya lokusebenzisana nentlalo ngexesha lomsebenzi-xa singasebenzi ngokuzenzekelayo kubantu abangaphandle kwalabo siphila nabo-sinokuzihlalisa ngaphambi kokuba siyiqonde.
Imidiya yoluntu inokuvakalelwa njengendlela yokuphila kwabanye, kodwa olu hlobo lwentsebenziswano maxa wambi lunokuziva luzihlukanisa kunye, njengoko oku kusebenzisana kunokuziva kungaboni kakhulu kunokuba ubonisane ubuso nobuso kunye neengxoxo. Ngelixa singasadingeki ukuba sisebenzise ukudweba ubuso kwi volleyball kwaye sithetha nayo, iimvakalelo zokuzihlalisa zingaphahla kwaye sinokuziva sisodwa kunokuba silindele. Yaye yanikezwa uphando malunga nesizungu , oku akuhlali kulungile. Ukuzihlukanisa kwezentlalo yinto ebhekiswe kwisifundo se-UN esiye sahlobene nokunyuka kwengcinezelo yabasebenzi basekhaya.
Ukungabikho kokugxila
Ngelixa abantu abaninzi abasebenza ekhaya basebenza ngokuzimeleyo, kunokuba nzima ukuhlala unyanisekile kwiinjongo zakho xa unemiqobo emininzi kunye nemigodi yamandla . Ukugcina ingqalelo kwixesha elizayo kubalulekile ukuba unenjongo zokutshintsha ofuna ukuzenza, kodwa ukuhlala ukhuthazeka xa uhlawula iindima ezininzi kunokuba ngumngeni ngokwawo. Ukuba ufumanisa isisombululo sakho sinciphisa, ungaqala ukulahlekelwa yithemba lokuba uya kufezekisa iinjongo ozibekele zona.
Ukuxinezeleka Okudibaniswe Nezixhobo Zamaselula
Nangona yonke imithombo yongcinezelo ibalulekile, uphando lwama-UN lufumene ukuba ukusebenza ukusuka ekhaya kwaye ngokwabo kungabi yinto engathandekiyo kunokuba isebenze kwisayithi, kodwa ukuxinezeleka okungeziwe kokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwezixhobo eziphathekayo kubonakala kunomthombo obalulekileyo yoxinzelelo olongezelelweyo. Ingxenye yesizathu kukuba abo basebenzisa amadivaysi eselula emva kobusuku, njengokuba abo basebenzayo bevela ekhaya bangathanda ukwenza, banokulimaza ixesha labo lokulala.
Enyanisweni, olu pho nonongo lufumene ukuba lwaludibaniswa nokuhlala evuke ebusuku: iipesenti ezingama-42 zalabo basebenzayo bevela kwingxelo yasekhaya bahlala besuka ebusuku xa i-29% kuphela yabasebenzi baseofisi babika okufanayo. Oku kuphawulekayo kuba ubuthongo obuthathaka bungabangela uxinzelelo olunzulu ngalo lonke usuku ngezizathu ezininzi. Olunye uphando lufumene ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweendaba zoluntu kubangele uxinzelelo ngenxa yokuthelekiswa kwentlalo kunye nezinye izinto ongazifunda ngazo. Enye enye into eyayibonakala iyisigqibo esisisigxina somsebenzi; Abo babesebenza basekhaya bafuna ukuba baninzi, bafuna imisebenzi. Oku kunokuba yingxenye yoko kutheni abo basebenzayo kwi-site banokugxininiswa kancinci-mhlawumbi imisebenzi yabo ayinamandla. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba, le ngqungquthela yoxinzelelo ithatha inzuzo.
Indlela yokuLawula uxinezeleko ekuSebenzeni ekhaya
Ngethamsanqa, kukho ezininzi izixhobo onokuzisebenzisayo kwaye awunabo ubhekene noxinzelelo ekusebenzeni ekhaya. Nangona abantu abasebenzisanayo banokuqokelela kwaye baxoxe ngemingeni yokusebenza kwi-ofisi yabo yendawo, abo basebenzayo bevela ekhaya bangadinga ukuba baqhube ngakumbi ekufumaneni indawo yokunika nokufumana inkxaso kunye nokuxoxa ngemingeni abajongene nayo. Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ukuba awukho yedwa kwizinto ojongene nazo.
Ngoku ukuba uyayazi indlela eziqhelekileyo ngayo ezinye zezixinzelelo, unokuba uzive ukhululekile kwizinto ojamelana nazo. Unokuziva unamandla ngakumbi ekujonganeni nale miceli-mngeni kunye nokunciphisa ezinye iingcinezelo eziza nazo. Nazi ezinye iindlela eziqinisekisiweyo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lokusebenza ukusuka ekhaya.
Setha iShedyuli
Nangona kukhululeka ngokukhululeka ukubeka isimiso sakho, kubalulekile ukuba ubeke ishedyuli kunokusebenza xa ufumana ixesha. Ukuba ulinde uze uzive uthanda ukusebenza, iziphazamiso ziza kusuka kumacala onke kwaye zigwinye ixesha lakho, ngoko ukuseta ishedyuli kwaye unamathela kuyo ibalulekileyo ebalulekileyo yokusebenza ukusuka ekhaya kubantu abaninzi. Kukho iindlela ezinobulumko zokwenza oko, nangona kunjalo, ukusuka kwiikhalenda kunye neenkqubo kwiinkcukacha ezenzelwe iinkcukacha. Nazi ezinye izinto omele uzigcine engqondweni xa uqikelela xa uza kusebenza:
- Sebenza xa usebenza kakuhle. Abantu abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba ukusa ekuseni xa beziva bephumle kungabonelela ngamava amaninzi kunokuba baqale ukusebenza emva kweentsuku emva kokucoca indlu kunye nokwenza ezinye izinto ezinxulumene nomsebenzi. Oku akunjalo kuzo zonke iimeko, ngoko ukhululeke ukuzama ukuba le ngcebiso ingabonakali iyinyaniso kuwe.
- Phambili kuqala imisebenzi enzima kuqala. Kunokuba uvumele imisebenzi engathandekiyo okanye enzima ixhomekeke entloko yakho kwaye udale uxinzelelo xa ucinga ngabo, ukuzingca ukuba ufumane imisebenzi enzima kakhulu eyenziwe kuqala kunokukunceda ukuba ususe isitya sakho semisebenzi encinci, kwaye uya kuziva yokufezekiswa kunye nokwandiswa kwamandla kunye nokwaneliseka ngalo lonke usuku.
- Sebenzisa iteknoloji. Kukho iinkonzo ezinokukunceda ukulandelela ukusetyenziswa kwakho kweendaba zoluntu (ukuzisebenzisela ukuzisebenzisa ngaphantsi), zikhumbuze ukuba usebenze xa uphazamiseka ixesha elide, yenza ukuba uludwe lwenziwe, kunye nokunye. Funda okufumaneka kunye nokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo ukuze uzuze.
Yakha iqela kwaye Hlala uxhumeke
Xa uziva ukhululekile, kunokuba nzima ukuba unamandla amaninzi okuvelisa. Ngaphezu koko, kunokuba kungathandeki kwaye kunzima ukugcina impilo yakho. Ukuba usebenza ukusuka ekhaya kwaye uzive ude wedwa, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe uxanduva lobomi bakho boluntu. Unokwenza uxhumano lwenkxaso yakho yoogxa, osebenza kunye nabo basekhaya, okanye abantu abafana nomntu ngokumalunga namaqela ezentlalo zentlalo, ukuhlanganisana okucwangcisiweyo, okanye amaqela okuxoxa ngetekisi. Ungakwazi kwakhona ukufumana amaqela asele asele asele kwimidiya yoluntu okanye kwi-intanethi.
Ingongoma kukuchonga abantu ababelana ngeemfuno zakho okanye iimbono, ubabuthele kwiqela, kwaye uzuze kuloo qela! Eli qela linokuvakalelwa njengendlela yokuphila xa ufuna umntu oqonda okanye ofuna ukuziva ngathi uyinxalenye yoluntu oxhasa. Eminye iphezulu kuwe.
Zizuze
Ukuze ugcine ukhuthazo lwakho, kubalulekile ukwenza imivuzo yakho siqu. Enyanisweni, ukuthatha isinyathelo emva, kuyinjongo enkulu yokuphuka imisebenzi ukuya kumancinci, amanyathelo asebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, ingongoma kukuthi wenze ukuba amava akho asebenze kakuhle, ukuba uhlale uziva uxabiso (nokuba wena nguwe kuphela onokukuxabisa), kwaye wenze phambili ngokukhawuleza inxalenye yobomi bakho. Unokwenza oku ngokuphula imithetho yakho kwiinjongo ezincinci uze uzizuze ngokuthatha isinyathelo ngasinye. Oku kugcina abantu bakhuthaze kwaye banelisekile ukuyeka ukuthuthuzela baze batyelele ebomini abayifunayo ngokwenene, nokuba ngaba kuthatha umzamo oqhubekayo wokufika apho. (Inqaku: imivuzo ayidingi ukuba isekelwe ukutya ukuze ivuze!)
Fumana i-Noble Say No
Uzakujongana nezicelo ezininzi, uninzi olufunekayo ukwenqaba ukuba ufuna ukuba nexesha elaneleyo lokwenza konke kwenziwe. Kungakho kunzima ukutshilo abantu ukuba awunalo ixesha lakho, ngenxa yokuba abaninzi bethu banokufumana izizathu zokuthi "yebo" iphendule ngokufanelekileyo. Singacinga ngeemfuno zabo kwaye sizibone njengempendulo enkulu kubo, kwaye singaqapheli ukuba ukuthi ewe kubo kuthetha ukuthethetha. Singaba neefos zethu ezibandakanyekayo. Naluphi na umceli-mngeni, qaphela ukuba u- no ukuya kwixesha elidlulileyo ongayilunganga ngokubhekisela ekuthiwa ewe ebomini ofuna ngokwenene, isinyathelo esinye ngelo xesha.
Khusela Ukulala Kwakho, kwaye Ungasebenzisi Iifowuni zeeFayili ebusuku
Usenokuba uyayazi ukuba le ayikho-no kodwa yenze njalo, okanye ungenako ukuqonda okwangoku, kodwa ukusebenzisa izikrini ngokukhawuleza ebusuku kungenza utshintshile iipatheni zakho zokulala kwaye kwenze kube nzima ukulala. Inokukwenza ukuba uvuke ngakumbi ebusuku. Ngenxa yokuba ubuthongo obuhle kubalulekile kwimveliso yakho, yenza oko okufuneka ukwenze ukuze ukhusele ukulala kwakho. (Oku kuquka ukubeka ixesha lokulala kwaye unamathele kuyo.) Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu, kodwa kulungele umzamo.
ILizwi
Ngoxa usebenza ukusuka ekhaya unokubonelela ngengqiqo emangalisayo nenkululeko kunye nokungahambisani neendleko, kukho iingcambu kunye neengcinezelo ezifihliweyo ukuba ziyazi. Ngokugxininisa into onokuyenza ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olu, unokuyonwabela ngeenzuzo ezongezelelweyo zengxaki yomsebenzi ngaphandle kweengcinezelo ezingakumbi. Le nyathelo elikhulu ekufezekiseni ibhalansi yokuphila komsebenzi.
> Imithombo:
> I-Eurofound kunye ne-International Labor Office (2017), Ukusebenza naliphi na ixesha, naphi na: Impembelelo kwihlabathi lomsebenzi , i-Ofisi ye-Publications ye-European Union, i-Luxembourg kunye ne-International Labor Office, eGeneva.
> Inkxalabo eMelika Survey , Association of Psychological Association, 2017.