Ungaphila Kangakanani Ngaphambi kokuba uthinteke?
Igazi Lakho Lokuxilisa Utywala (i-BAC) yintoni eyenza ukuba utywala okanye unxilise kangakanani uya kusela ekunxileni utywala, kwaye uhluka ngohlobo lwesini kunye nesisindo somzimba. Nantsi isikhokelo esipheleleyo (samadoda) ukuqikelela i-BAC yakho ngokusekelwe kwisisindo somzimba wakho kunye nesantya sokusela:
Omnye Phuza
Esinye isiselo sase-Melika saseburhulumenteni, ngokuqhelekileyo, siza kuvelisa i-Blood Alcohol Concentration malunga ne-0.02, kwaye abaninzi abaphuzayo abancinci nabangqinelanayo baya kuziva iimpembelelo ezifihlakeleyo kweli nqanaba.
Emva kokuba umntu aneliselo olulodwa oluqhelekileyo ...
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds eziyi-100, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.04. Ukuba uyayiphuza ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.02, kwaye ukuba uyayiphuza ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.01. Emva kweeyure ezintathu kuphela uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.00.
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds eziyi-150, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.03. Ukuba uyayiphuza ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba neGazi lokuNxila kuTywala ka-0.01, kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.00.
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds ezingama-200, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.02. Ukuba uthe wawasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.003, kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.00.
Ngoko emva kwesiselo esisodwa nje, amadoda amakhulu awathatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwi-Blood Alcohol Concentration ukuze abuyele kwi-zero.
Ziselo ezimbini
Iziphuzo eziqhelekileyo ezimbini zaseMelika ziya kuthi zivelise i-Blood Alcohol Concentration malunga ne-0.04, kwaye abaninzi abaphuzayo kunye nabaxhasiweyo baya kuziva bekhululekile kule nqanaba. Nangona ungaziva nemiphumo yokuxilisa utywala , ixesha lokuphendula liza kuphuculwa, kwaye izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi ziya kuthinteka kwindlela umqhubi oza kuphazamiseka ngayo .
Emva kokuba umntu enesiphuzo esiphantsi ezimbini
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds eziyi-100, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.08. Ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba neGazi lokuNxila kweTywala ye-0.06, kwaye ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.04. Emva kweeyure ezintathu, i-Blood Alcohol Concentration iya kuba phantsi kwe-0.03, emva kweeyure ezine, iya kuba phantsi kwe-0.01, kwaye emva kweeyure ezintlanu kuphela uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.00.
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds eziyi-150, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.05. Ukuba uthe wawasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba neNgcuthelelo yoTywala weGazi e-0.04, kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.02. Emva kweeyure ezintathu, i-Blood Alcohol Concentration iya kuhlaselwa kwi-0.003, kwaye emva kweeyure ezine, iya kuba nge-0.00.
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds ezingama-200, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.04. Ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.004, kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.00.
Ngoko emva kokusela ezimbini, kuthatha iiyure ezine ukuya ezintandathu kwi-Blood Alcohol Concentration yakho ukubuyela kwi-zero.
Ziselo eziThathu
Iziphuzo eziqhelekileyo ezintathu zaseMerika ziya kuvelisa, ngokuqhelekileyo, Ukuxiliswa kweTywala yeGazi malunga ne-0.06.
Imiphumo emibi yobutywala iqala ukubonisa, isigwebo siya kuphazamiseka, esoloko sichaphazela abantu amandla okwenza izigqibo ezinengqiqo, ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi ethatha ingozi ekuqhubeni ukuqhuba nokusela. Ukuqonda, ukufunda , ukukhumbula, ukulungelelanisa, ukuvusa isondo , ukuphaphazela, nokuzithiba kuya kubangelwa.
Emva kokuba umntu ephethe iziphuzo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ...
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds eziyi-100, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.11. Ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba ne-Blood alcohol Uxinzelelo lwe-0.10, kwaye ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.08. Emva kweeyure ezintathu, i-BAC iya kusekho ngo-0.07, kwaye emva kweeyure ezine, kuya kuba ngu-0.05. Emva kweeyure ezintlanu, kuya kuba nge-0.03, emva kweeyure ezintandathu, kuya kuba nge-0.02, kwaye emva kweeyure ezintandathu, kuya kuba ku-0.001. Kuphela emva kweeyure ezisixhenxe zokuba uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.00.
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds ezili-150, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.08. Ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.06, kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.04. Emva kweeyure ezintathu, i-Blood Alcohol Concentration yayo iya kuba yi-0.03, kwaye emva kweeyure ezine, iya kuba nge-0.01. Ngeeyure ezintlanu, kuya kuba nge-0.00.
- Ukuba ulinganisa iipounds ezingama-200, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.06. Ukuba uyabasela ngaphezu kweyure enye, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.004, kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbini, uya kuba ne-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.02. Emva kweeyure ezintathu, i-Blood Alcohol Concentration iya kuba phantsi kwe-0.01, kwaye emva kweeyure ezine, iya kuba nge-0.00.
Zithandathu iziNxila
Imiphumo echazwe kwinqanaba lesithathu lokusela (okanye i-Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.06) iya kuba yinto echazwe ngakumbi xa isiphuzo sokongeza. Ngezihlutha ezintandathu, eziza kuvelisa, ngokuqhelekileyo, Ukuxiliswa kweTywala yeGazi malunga ne-0.12, ukuhlanza kuya kwenzeka, ngaphandle kokuba le nqanaba ifikelelwe ngokukhawuleza, okanye sele usubekezelele utywala. Ukutshabalalisa ngumzila wokuqala wokhuselo lokulwa nokugqithisa.
- Eli gazi Utywala Inqanaba lokuxhoma liya kufinyelelwa ngendoda eyi-100-pound ngokukhawuleza, ngokusela iziphuzo ezintathu kwisithuba esingaphantsi kweyure enye, okanye ezine iziphuzo ngaphezulu kweeyure ezimbini.
- I-150-pound man would reach this level that drinks six drinks over two to three hours.
- I-200-pound man would reach this level if he drank six drinks in less than one hour. Ukuba aba bantu batywala ngokukhawuleza, kungathatha iiphulo ezilisibhozo okanye ezisibhozo ukufikelela kweli nqanaba ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini okanye ezintathu.
I sixhenxe ukuya kuZibhozo eziNxila
Kwinqanaba apho i-Blood Alcohol Concentration yakho ifinyelela ku-0.15, unesilingana nesiqingatha se-whisky ejikelezayo kwigazi lakho. Uninzi lwabantu lunzima ukuhamba ngendlela echanekileyo kweli nqaku.
Iintlanzi ezilishumi
Ngegazi leTywala Uxinzelelo lwe-0.2, abaninzi abantu banamava "omnyama," bengenakho ukukhumbula konke okanye inxalenye yento eyenzekayo ngexesha lexa i-Blood Alcohol Concentration yayiseli nqanaba. Kubantu abaselula, eli nqanaba linokubulala.
Ezilishumi elinesihlanu iziNxila
Kwinqanaba le-Alcohol ye-Blood of 0.3, abaninzi abantu bayaziqonda.
Amashumi amabini anamaNxila
Igazi yoTywala Iqondo lokuxhoma kwi-0.45 lizinga eliqhelekileyo lokubulala abantu abadala, apho ukuphefumula kunye nentliziyo yokuma.
Ngoko, Kusela Kangakanani?
Ngokubanzi, iziphuzo ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ziya kuvelisa iziphumo ezimbi. Ezi ziphumo ezimbi ziza kunyusa ukusela, kwaye ngokukhawuleza usela. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ukucinga kwakho, ukunyanzelisa, kunye nokuzithiba kungavinjelwa, awuyi kuqonda ukuba ungekho kakuhle kangakanani. Ezi ziphumo zichazwa ngokukodwa kwiincinci, amadoda alula.
Ukuba ukunamathela kwiziphuzo ezimbini akubonakali kukufanelekile, okanye ukuba ungacingi ukuba unako ukunamathela kwiziphuzo ezimbini kuphela, ngoko unokube ngcono xa ungazange utyhale. Ngaloo ndlela, awuyi kuba nexhala malunga nokuhamba ekhaya okanye malunga neengxaki ezibangelwa ukuxhatshazwa. Kukwafanelekile ukuba ukwazi ukuba uninzi lwezihlaselo zesondo zenzeka xa omnye okanye bobabini bephuza. Ngoko ukuba unokusela ngaphezulu kweesithathu kwi-bar, iqela okanye iqela lingakushiya ngokukhethekileyo.
Ukuba uqhuba, u bungqina busobala ukuba ukhuselekile ukuba ungaphuzi nhlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqhuba kwakho kuya kuba ngumngcipheko omncinci xa uhlawula i-BAC yakho ngaphezu kokunyaniseka. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ubunzima beengozi zemoto ezongela ubomi bunyuke kakhulu kwii-BAC eziphantsi kakhulu kunomlinganiselo we-US okhoyo wama-0.08.
> Imithombo:
> Fell J, Voas R. Ukusebenza kwe-0.05 imida yokuxilisa i-alcohol (BAC) yokuqhuba ukuqhuba e-United States. Umlingo 109 (6): 869-874. 2014. Ithenda: 10.1111 / yongeza.12365
> ULaude J, uFillmore M. Abaqhubi abazithengelayo ukuhlawula i-blood concentrations eziphantsi kwegazi baphumelele emva kokusela. I-Psychopharmacology 233 (8): 1387-1394. 2016.
> Miller, W. and Munoz, R. Ukulawula Ukusela Kwakho: Izixhobo zokwenza Ukumodareyitha Umsebenzi Kuwe. ENew York: Guilford. 2005.
> I-Phillips D, Brewer K. Ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokulimala okukhulu kunye nokuxinwa kwegazi kotywala (BAC) kwiingozi zemoto ezibulalayo: I-BAC = 0.01% inxulumene neengozi ezinobungozi kakhulu kuneBAC = 0.00%. Umlingo 106 (9): 1614-1622. 2011.