Iimpembelelo zeCognitive Linger Even Longer Than Impairment Motor
Ukusela utywala kunokuphazamisa zombini izakhono zezakhono kunye nokusebenza kwengcamango, kodwa njengoko uhlaziya uphinde uphinde usebenzise izakhono zamandla ngokukhawuleza ukuba wenze umsebenzi onokuqonda, onokukunika ingqiqo yokhuseleko.
Njengoko uqala ukufumana ukuphuza kakhulu, kwaye umxholo wakho we-alcohol-alcohol uqala ukunciphisa, uphinde ufumane ezinye zezakhono zakho zezithuthi - njengalezo ezifunekayo ukuqhuba isithuthi - ngokukhawuleza kunokuba uphinde ukwazi ukuchonga nokuphendula ulwazi.
Ngako oko, unokukwazi ukuphendula ngokusesikweni - umzekelo, kwesinye isithuthi ngokukhawuleza ukuma phambi kwakho - ngokukhawuleza njengoko unako xa ungaphuzanga, kodwa ungenza impendulo engalunganga - njengokuncinciza i-accelerator endaweni aphule.
UkuCwangcisa ulwazi
Kukho amanyathelo amathathu okulungisa ulwazi:
- Ukuchonga isistim / imbono
- Ukukhethwa kwempendulo / ukuqonda
- Impendulo yokuphunyezwa / inkqubo yeenjini
Xa unganakaliswa ngotywala ukwazi ukulungisa ulwazi luyehlisa. Abaphengululi baye bafumanisa ukuba nangona ukhathaza ngokubakho ubuchule bakho bokucwangcisa olo lwazi luyacotha.
Ukuphungulwa koCwangciso loLwazi
"Ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi emininzi idinga ukusetyenziswa kwengcaciso kunye nokuba utywala ngenye yezidakamizwa ezisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuzonwabisa, saziva ukuba ukuhlolwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwindlela utywala obuphazamisayo ngayo umtshini wolwazi lweenkcukacha kuqinisekisiwe," watsho uTom A.
Schweizer, we-Rotman Research Institute eToronto kunye nombhali wokuqala wokufunda. "Into engacacanga kwiziphumo zangaphambili kukuba ingaba ukuphazamiseka kubangelwa kukunciphisa kwesigaba esinye - oko kukuthi, ingqiqo, ingqiqo okanye i-motor - okanye ukunciphisa zonke izigaba ngaphakathi kwendlela yokucwangcisa ulwazi.
"Kwakhona, zifundo ezimbalwa zijonge ngokukodwa kwimiphumo eyahlukeneyo yotywala ekusebenzeni kwengqondo ngexesha lokunyuka nokunciphisa i- blood concentrations concentrations (BACs)," watsho. "Enye yeenjongo zale phando kukujongana nokuba kungasebenzi okanye kucacile ukuziphatha ngendlela efana nokusebenza kweemoto ngexesha lokunyuka nokuhla kwee-BAC."
Ukulahla ekuphenduleni
USchweizer kunye noogxa bakhe bahlola ama-34 aphilileyo, abesilisa abasebenzisayo bezentlalo basebenzisa i-paradigm yexesha lokuchithwa kwengqondo (PRP).
Iprogramdi ye-PRP ivavanya umda wobuchule bomntu bokucwangcisa ulwazi xa imisebenzi emibili igqitywa ngokulandelelana ngokukhawuleza, "watsho uSchweizer. "I-PRP ibhekisela ekulibazisekeni ekuqhubekeni ulwazi oluvela kumsebenzi wesibini olushukumisayo xa lulandela ngokukhawuleza umsebenzi wokuqala wokusebenza. Ngokukodwa, ukuba utywala uphazamisa isigaba sokuqwalasela ulwazi, ukulibaziseka okukhulu ekuphenduleni-kuthetha ukunyuka kwithuba lokuphendula - Umsebenzi wesibini kufuneka ugcinwe. "
Ucwaningo lukaSchweizer luhlolisise amaqela amabini abathatha inxaxheba kuma-17, enye yawo eyanikezwa utywala okwaneleyo ukuphakamisa umxholo wegazi-otywala kwi-0.10. Amaxesha abo awasabela ngayo abhalwa kwinqanaba lokuqala kwaye ngelixa i-BAC yabo ikhula kwaye iyancipha.
Iimpazamo ezingakumbi
Ukufunyanwa kokulinga kufakwe:
- Iqela lotywala lenze iiphene kakhulu ngexesha lokunyuka kwekhava leBAC
- Iiphoso zaqhubeka ngexesha lokuhla kwekhava le-BAC
- Iqela lotywala libonisa ixesha elide lokuphendula ngexesha le-BAC ekhulayo
- Izihlandlo zokuphendula zibuyela kumanqanaba okuqala xa ii-BAC ziyancipha
Iikghono zeCognitive Recover More More
"Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba i-motor component ye-processing processing ibuyiswe ngexesha lokunciphisa ama-BAC, kodwa kubonakala ukuba imiphumo yokuqonda ingxaki yesigxina emva kokuba imoto isebenze kumazinga angenazo iziyobisi," kutsho uSchweizer. "Ukunciphisa ukukhubazeka kweemoto njengoko i-BAC iyancipha kunokudala ukungaqondi kakuhle kwezinto ezipheleleyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuba kwenziwe imisebenzi efuna iinkqubo ezinokwenziwa kwengqondo."
"Omnye unokucinga ngeso simo apho izibane zokuqhaqhazela emotweni ziza kuvele ngokukhawuleza," watsho. "Ukuze ugweme ukushayisana, umqhubi kufuneka asuse ngokukhawuleza unyawo lwakhe kwi gesi aze aphazamise ukuxabana. Umqhubi onama-BAC ayancipha angasabela ngokukhawuleza njengento eqhelekileyo kodwa angaphendula ngokungafanelekanga ngokugxeka kwi-accelerator kunokuqhekeza. Ukukhawuleza kwempendulo kuyafana, kodwa umqhubi usanda kwenza iphutha elibi. "
Ukukhawuleza nokuchaneka kufuneka kuhlolwe
USchweizer uthe olu phando lubonakalisa ukubaluleka kokulinganisa isantya kunye nokuchaneka kokusebenza kwengqondo xa uphando ngemiphumo yokuxiliswa kotywala .
"Iziphumo zibalaselisa ukubaluleka kokuvavanya iziphumo zotywala kwiindawo ezihlukahlukeneyo kwi-curve ye-alcohol," watsho. "Ngokuxhomekeka apho uvavanya khona kwikota ye-BAC ungafumana iziphumo ezahlukileyo kakhulu. Oku kuyinyani imisebenzi echaphazela ukusebenza ngokuqiqayo."
Ingozi eyongeziweyo yengozi
Abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba abaphuzayo baqaphele ngakumbi xa bezama ukulinganisa ukuzimela kwabo kwimiphumo yobunxila obunxilisayo .
Ukuphulukana phakathi kweemoto kunye nokuqaphela kwengqondo ... kudala izingozi ezizodwa ezinokuba nefuthe kwiingozi zengozi. Umntu onxilayo oza kuqhuba isithuthi ngokukhawuleza emva kokubuya kwisiphumo sokusela kunokuba yingozi ngakumbi kunokuba bephuza ngokunyanisekileyo kuba bacinga ngephutha ukuba ' ku lungile. "
Imithombo:
Schweizer, TA, et al. "Ukukhawuleza, kodwa i-Error-Prone, Responses ngexesha lokuxilisa utywala ngokugqithiseleyo: Iimiphumo zeStimulus-Response Mapping Complexity." Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye novavanyo ngo- Apreli 2005
Streufert, S et al. "Imiphumo yobutywala obunxilisayo kwi-risk taking, isicwangciso, kunye neqondo lokuphambuka kwi-visuomotor ukusebenza." Umbhalo we-Applied Psychology ngo- Agasti 1992