Mayeza
Amachiza angasetyenziselwa ukungenelela kwi-ADHD njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sonyango esikhulu esinokuquka imfundo, izicwangciso zentlangano, unyango lokuziphatha , ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali, ukuqeqesha , ukunikwa iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso. Amachiza "ayayiphilisi" i-ADHD, kunoko ayinceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka, ukuphucula ugxininiso nokuxininisa, nokunciphisa ukunyanzelisa nokunyanzelisa .
Akunabo bonke abantu abane-ADHD badinga unyango ukuze basebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Abaninzi badinga ukungenelela ngoncedo kwizithuba ezithile zobomi babo kwaye banako ukulawula ngaphandle kweyeza. Akukho ntloni ehambelana nokusetyenziswa kwamachiza ukuphatha i-ADHD; yinto enye yeendlela ezininzi zokonyango ezikhoyo.
Indlela ezikhuthazayo zokunciphisa iziganeko ze-ADHD
Iimpawu ezikhuthazayo ziyeza kusetyenziswa unyango kunye nokulawulwa kweempawu ze- ADHD . Iimvuselelo "zivuselela" ingqondo ukuba yenze i- neurotransmitters esincinci ngakumbi esinceda sikwazi ukugxila, ukuhlela, ukucwangcisa nokulawula iimpembelelo. Izikhuthazo zitholakale zisebenzisekile ekuphatheni i-ADHD kulo lonke ixesha lokuphila, ukwenzela ukuba ziphumelele kubantwana, intsha kunye nabantu abadala.
Kukho ukuxhalaba kuluntu jikelele ukuba izikhuthazo zingabangela umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubona ukuba unyango olufanelekileyo lwe-ADHD (oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezikhuthazo) ngokwenene linciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezizayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kubonakala kuninzi kulabo abane-ADHD abangenayo unyango. Izikhuthazo ngokuqhelekileyo zibhekwa zikhuselekile kwaye ziyimpilisi efanelekileyo kakhulu esebenzisa ukuphathwa kwe-ADHD.
Iimiphumo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zeziphumo ziquka ukunciphisa ukutya, intloko yesifo, intloko, ukukhubeka, kunye nobunzima bokulala.
Ezi ziphumo zempembelelo zenzeka ngokukhawuleza kunyango, kodwa ukuba ziyaqhubeka zilungelelaniso lwexesha okanye umthamo weyeza luthi luncedo.
Iintlobo zezikhuthazo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-ADHD
Izikhuthazo ziquka i- methylphenidate kunye ne- amphetamines . Iiklasi zeGeneric kunye namagama e-brand names of stimulants adweliswe ngezantsi:
Ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza (ukwenza okufutshane) - Ukhupha umuthi okhuthazayo emva kokungena. Ixesha leempembelelo zokuziphatha ezilungileyo lihlala malunga neeyure ezingama-3 ukuya kwezi-6 kuye kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezikhuthazayo ezithathwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa amaxesha amabini ukuya kathathu ngosuku.
- I-Methylphenidate (Amagama ebrama: Ritalin, Methylin, Metadate)
- I-Dexmethylphenidate (Igama leBrama: Focalin)
- I-Dextroamphetamine (Igama leBrama: i-Dextrostat, i-Dexedrine)
- I-amphetamine salts (i-Brand name: Adderall)
Ukukhutshwa okuphakathi (ukusebenza kwangaphakathi) - Kunokuqala kokuthatha isenzo. Ukuhlala ixesha elincinci kunokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza, malunga neeyure ezingama-4 ukuya kwii-8 kuye kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezikhuthazayo ezithathwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathelwa kathathu ngosuku.
- I-Methylphenidate (Amagama egama: uRitalin SR, uRitalin LA, iMetadate ER, CD yeMetadate, i-Methylin ER
- I-Dextroamphetamine (Igama lomnxeba: I-Dexedrine Spansule)
Ukukhululwa okwandisiweyo (ukulungiswa kwamanye amaxesha) - Ukugqitywa kokubili okulungiselelwe ukukhululwa, ngoko ke akukhangeli kuphela imithi evuselela emva kokungena kodwa kwakhona kwakhona emva kweeyure ezingama-4 ukuya kwezi-6.
Ubude beempembelelo zokuziphatha ezilungileyo zihlala iiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwe-12. Thatha kanye rhoqo.
- I-Methylphenidate (Igama lomdaka: I-Concerta)
- I-amphetamine salts (i-Brand Name: Adderall XR)
I-Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (Igama leBrama: Vyvanse)
Umthombo:
URussell Barkley. Ukukhathazeka kweNkcazo yokuHlulelwa koMngcipheko: I-Handbook ye-Diagnosis kunye neNyango (Inkqubo yesithathu). Guilford Press. 2006.