AbaNxilayo abasaqhumayo basengozini enkulu ye-pneumonia
Ukuba usela nokutshaya ubeka ingozi enkulu yokufumana imiphunga kunye nezinye izifo zamaphaphu. Ukusela utywala kwenza kube lula ukuba iibhaktheriya zihambe emiphakeni ukusuka kummandla ophezulu wempumlo kunye nokubhema iigarethi zandisa ukwanda kwe-bacterial penetration. Ngako oko, abatywala abanomnyoba mngcipheko omkhulu wokuhlaselwa kwezifo zokuphefumula kwaye ngenxa yoko ezinye iinxalenye zomzimba.
Streptococcus Pneumoniae kunye nezifo
I-Streptococcus pneumoniae ibhaktikhi engakwazi ukuphazamisa umthamo ophezulu wokuphefumula ize ibangele i-pneumonia. Ingabangela ukusuleleka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ezifana negazi (i-bacterium), umgca wengqondo kunye nomgudu womgudu (meningitis), amathambo (i-osteomyelitis), ama-articritis, iindlebe (i-otitis media) kunye ne-sinus (sinusitis) ).
Utywala kunye nabokubhema i-cigarettes ngokukhethekileyo banokungenwa yi-pulmonary infections ezibangelwa yi- S . pneumoniae . Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunokunyuka ukunyuka kwe- S. pneumoniae kumapapu kunye nokutshiswa komsi kunciphisa ukwanda kwe-alcohol okwenziwe ngotywala kwi-bacterial penetration.
I-Cilia Gcina ii-bacteria ezivela kwimimbo
"Zonke iintsholongwane ezibangelwa yi- S. pneumoniae ziqala nge-british colonizing okanye zibophelela kwiiseli kwindawo ephezulu yempumlo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-nasopharynx," kusho uGentry-Nielsen, uprofesa we-microbiology kunye ne-immunology kwiCreighton University School of Medicine. , uphando lwe-microbiologist kwi-Omaha yezilwanyana zonyango.
"I-trachea ekhokelela kwi-nasopharynx ukuya kumaphaphu ihlanganiswe neeseli ezinjengeenwele ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cilia. Le cilia ibetha ngephakamiso ephakamileyo yokutshabalalisa i-mucus kunye ne-microorganisms njenge- S. pneumoniae phezulu kwaye inqande ukunyakaza kwabo kwimiphunga. ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa i-immune system iyancitshiswa okanye umntu uhlonywe ngumbutho omtsha okanye ukhethekileyo we- S. pneumoniae okwazi ukukhusela isenzo se-cilia kunye nokuhamba ukusuka kwi-nasopharynx emiphakeni. "
UkuNxiliswa koMnxila kuninzi olusisisifo sokuThatshazwa
I-Gentry-Nielsen yathi iidyophu zinokuthi zithinteke kakhulu kwi- S. pneumoniae izifo ngezizathu ezininzi. "Baye banciphisa i-gag reflex kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokunyuka kwe-nasopharyngeal ne-gastric contents kwimiphunga yabo, ngakumbi xa belahlekelwa ingqondo," esho. "Zizimbini zezi ziphoso zinika amathuba angaphezulu kwe- S. pneumoniae ukungena emaphaphini. Ukukhusela umkhosi ngaphakathi kwemiphunga yobunxilisayo kuyancitshiswa, ngoko ke abanakho ukuxhotyiswa kakuhle ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane xa izidalwa zifikelela kwimiphunga."
"Ababhemayo be-cigarettes nabo banokunyuka kwamathuba okufumana izifo ezibangelwa yi- S . pneumoniae . Ababhemayo banakho ukulungelelaniswa kunye nomzimba emilonyeni yabo nasopharynx kunabangabhemi," kusho uGentry-Nielsen. "Ukutshaya kwakhona kukulimaza i-cilia kwaye kuguqula ukuphumelela kokubetha kwabo ukwenzela ukuba ii-bacteria zingene kwi-trachea zandise amathuba okwenza imiphunga," esho.
Uphononongo olwenziwe kwiirath lubonisa ukuba udibaniso lotywala kunye nomsi wesigaretta uphonsa isenzo se-cilia. I-Gentry-Nielsen iyaphawula ukuba oku kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu abanomdla bafumane ukusuleleka kwizifo ezibangelwa zizilwanyana ezincinci ezenza iikhompyutheni zazo eziphezulu zokuphefumula.
I-Pneumonia Vaccine iphakanyisiwe kubaTshisi kunye nabaNxila
I-vaccineacyride ye-pneumococcal vaccine (PPSV) isinconywa kwiintlobo ezininzi zabantu abasengozini enkulu yokusuleleka. Oku kubandakanya ababhemayo kunye nabasebenzisa kakubi utywala kwakunye nabani na abaneminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu.
> Imithombo:
> Grau I, Ardanuy C, Calatayud L, Schulze MH, Liñares J, Pallares R. Ukubhema nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala yiyona nto inokuthintela umngcipheko we-pneumonia kunye nokunye ukusuleleka kwe-pneumococcal. I-International Journal yezifo ezithathelwanayo . 2014; 25: 59-64. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.ijid.2013.12.013.
> Pneumonia. I-American Academy yeeNgcali zoLuntu. https://familydoctor.org/condition/pneumonia/.
> Wyatt TA, uSisson JH, Allen-Gipson DS, et al. Ukubambisana kunye noMoya wokuTywala kunye noTywala kunciphisa i-Airway Epithelial Cell Cilia Ukubetha kwiproteinyini iCasease-Cist-Manner. I-American Journal of Pathology . 2012; 181 (2): 431-440. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.ajpath.2012.04.022.