Iifayili zibonakaliswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngokukhawuleza, ngokuzenzekelayo, ukungabikho kokuzibandakanya komntu, amahlombe, izandla, imilenze okanye ezinye izixhobo zomzimba. Iimfudu zingabandakanya ukukhanya kwamehlo, ukuxhatshazwa kweentamo, ukuguquka kwentamo, ukuguqula ubuso, ukukhupha ulwimi, ukucima amaqabunga, ukubetha iingalo, ukukhawula iingalo, ukukhaba kunye nokugubha iinzwane.
IiTic ziyakwazi ukuthetha. Ezi zizwi zemizwi zingabandakanya ukucola komqala, ukuphosa okanye ukuphosa, ukukrokra, ukukhwehlela oomileyo, ukunqakraza, ukuxhonywa, ukukhwaza, nokuba ngamagama okanye amabinzana.
Ezi ntshukumo kunye / okanye izandi zenzeke rhoqo kwixesha okanye zingenzeka kuphela ngezihlandlo. Bavame ukwandisa phantsi kwenkxalabo, ukukhathazeka ngokwenyama okanye kwintlalo, ukuxhalaba ukuba umntu ukhathele kakhulu, okanye akanakudla. Amanye amayeza akholelwa ukuba anzima kakhulu. I-Tics iqhubela ngaphantsi xa umntu ekhululekile kwaye ezolile. Ama-Tics ayenzeki ngexesha lokulala.
Unyango lomntu onentsholongwane ye-tic ingabandakanya imishishini yokunceda ukulawula iimpawu. Amandulo "aqhelekileyo" anama-neuroleptics afana ne-pimozide kunye neHaldol aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ama-tics ngaphezu kwe-newer "i-atypical" neuroleptics / antipsychotics njenge-risperidone. I-Clonidine kunye ne-guanfacine, iindidi ze-anti-hypertensive agents, zingasetyenziselwa ngenxa yemiphumo yazo yecala.
Ziyintoni eziqhelekileyo ukukhathazeka kweTic?
Ingxaki eqhelekileyo ye-tic ibizwa ngokuba yi-"disorder's" yangaphambili. "Ixesha elifutshane-lithetha ukuphazamiseka kwexesha elifutshane okanye elifutshane eliqhelekileyo kubantwana.
IiTics ezidlulileyo unyaka omnye okanye ngaphezulu zibizwa ngokuba "zi-tic chronic".
Ngokwe-American Academy ye-Pediatrics, i-tics ivela kwi-20% yabantwana abaneminyaka esikolweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela phakathi kweminyaka engama-7 ukuya kwe-10, kodwa ngezinye izihlandlo ziqala ngokuqala kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu ubudala. Iingxaki ze-Tic zibonakala zinekhonkco lofuzo, njengoko zivame ukugijima kwiintsapho.
Iimpawu ezingapheliyo zichaphazela ngaphantsi kwepesenti yabantwana kwaye zingabonisa ingxaki eyingozi ngakumbi ebizwa ngokuba nguTourette Syndrome.
Tourette Syndrome
I-Tourette syndrome yi-genetic, i-neurological disorder ebonakalayo eyona nto ibonakalayo ye-motor and vocal tics. I-Tourettes idla ngokudibanisa ne-ADHD, ingxaki yokunyanzelisa-ingxaki, iingxaki zokuziphatha nokukhubazeka kokufunda. I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke ingxelo yokuba malunga nama-200,000 aseMerika abanesimo esibi kakhulu seTourette, ngelixa amaninzi kwi-100 abonisa iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nemoto engapheliyo okanye i-vocal tics okanye i-ticent tics yobuntwaneni.
Nangona i-Tourettes iyimeko yokuphila, iimpawu zivame ukukhawuleza kwiminyaka yokuqala yeshumi elivisayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwentsholongwane yobutsha kwaye ikhulile. U-Tourettes uthinta amadoda emalunga namaxesha amathathu ukuya kweyodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabesifazane.
Iingxaki zeTic kunye ne-ADHD
Phantse isiqingatha sabantwana abane-tics banakho i- ADHD . Uphando lufumene ukuba iingxaki ezingapheliyo, i-Tourette syndrome, kunye neengxaki eziphosakeleyo ezinokubangela ingxaki zinokuba nemvelaphi efana neyobuchopho, kwaye umntu kunye nale miqathango inokwenzeka ukuba ibe ne-ADHD. Kubantwana abahlakulela ukuphazamiseka kwe-tic kunye ne-ADHD, i-ADHD idla ngokuqhubekayo kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-3 phambi kwe-tics.
Kukho ukuphikisana malunga nokuba izikhuthazo , uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweyeza lonyango kwi-ADHD, lubuhlungu okanye luze lubangele. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abaninzi abantwana abanama-cookie kunye ne-ADHD abanakufumana ukwanda kwintsebenzo enzima ngelixa bephantsi kwamanani athatywayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubonakala ngathi yincinci encinane yabantwana ekule ngxaki. Akunakucacile ukuba izikhuthazo zenza ukuba i-tic okanye i-stimulants idale i-tics eyayisele ikhona ngaphambili, kodwa ingekacaci. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba iziphazamiso zezifundo zikhangeleke zifana ne-ADHD kwizigaba zabo zokuqala.
Ngoko i-tic ithi yayiza kuphuhliswa nokuba ingaba umntwana akazange aphathwe ngokukhuthaza.
Ukuba umntwana wakho we- ADHD uhlakulela i-tics, xelela udokotela wengane yakho. Ngomnye uya kubeka ingozi kwimingcipheko kunye nezibonelelo ezinokwenzeka zamachiza, kunye nokuphonononga amanye amachiza okukhuthaza.
Imithombo:
> I-American Academy Yomntwana kunye ne-Adolescent Psychiatry. Iingxaki zeTic. Julayi 2004.
> I-American Academy yePediatrics. Umzali wokuQala Q & A: iiTics. Ukunyamekela Umntwana wakho wesikolo: Umnyaka we-5 ukuya ku-2003.
> Isiko soLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuVikela. Tourette Syndrome. ISebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. 2008.
> ISikole kaZwelonke seNational and Disorders and Stroke. I-Tourette Syndrome Fact Sheet. Epreli 2005.