Ngokukonakalisa Inobungozi Ngotywala
Ukutshaya itekisi kuyingozi kunoma ubani, kodwa kuyingozi nakakhulu kubadakila - kuquka nalabo abaye baphila. Kungenxa yokuba iminyaka yokuphuza ngokweqile okanye inobuthakathaka iinkqubo zomzimba, izidakwa zithinteka kakhulu kwiingozi ngaphezu kwabanye ababhemayo.
Ezi zengozi zempilo zongezeleleka nangona xa izidakwa ziyeka ukusela kodwa ziqhubeka zivutha.
Ngokomphandi, izinga lokufa kwabadakwa abafumana unyango li-48.1% engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-20 xa kuthelekiswa ne-18.5% yokufa kwabantu bonke. Kulabo bafa, ngaphezu kwesigamu (50.9%) kubangelwe ukutshaya, kwaye kuphela 34.1% kuphela ngenxa yobutywala.
Ziziphi Izingozi Zokubhema?
Ingaba inkohlakalo enkulu kubo bonke ababhemayo ngumngcipheko wokufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kwaye kukho isizathu esilungileyo: ababhemayo abesilisa banamaxesha angama-23 okuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu - kunye nabokutshaya abesibini amaxesha angama-13 - xa kuthelekiswa nabangabhemi. Ukubhema okuthiwa "ukukhanya" kagarethi akunciphisi kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu.
Umdlavuza womlenze, nangona kunjalo, akuyona ingozi enkulu kwimpilo kulabo bashushu. Umbulali oyedwa eUnited States ngababhemayo isifo sesifo, ngokutsho kwe-US Surgeon General.
Ukubeka i-Toxin kwiQumrhu Lakho
Xa utshaya ugwayi, ubeka ubuthi kwi fodya kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza ugwayi kwigazi lakho.
Lezo zixhepha zifaka isandla ekuphuhliseni i-atherosclerosis okanye ukuqina kwama-arterium. I-atherosclerosis ibangelwa iipositi zamanqatha anamafutha kunye nokuqothula kunye nokukhawulwa kweendonga ze-artery.
Xa udonga lweerteri luya kutshabalala okanye i-clots yegazi ikhula, ukuhamba kwegazi kungavinjelwa kwaye kubangele ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha.
Ukubhema kubangelwa i-atherosclerosis yeerterotic coronary, eziphumela kwizifo zentliziyo ye-coronary, eyona nto ibangela ukufa kubantu base-US
Ukutshaya icuba kudibaniswe nokufa kwegazi ngokukhawuleza kwazo zonke iintlobo kubini nababhinqa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye kwadibaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo wokuphuhlisa i-aortic aneurysm esiswini.
Ngenxa yokuba ukutshaya kunciphisa ukusasazeka ngokunciphisa imithana yegazi, kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphucula izifo zesifo se-vascular: ukuphazamiseka kwemibhobho emikhulu kwiingalo nasemilenzeni.
Isizathu esibangeleyo sokubetha
Isithathu sesibangela sokufa e-US sisifo, kwaye ukutshaya icuba kufunyenwe kukubangela enkulu yokubetha. Ababhemayo banamaxesha amane okuba banomdla ongaphezu kwabangabhemi.
Isizathu sezinye iCancer
Nangona umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngumngcipheko omkhulu wesifo, ababhemayo basengozini yokuhlakulela zonke iintlobo zeek Cancer. I-carcinogens efunyanwa ngumoya womonakalo yonakalisa iizakhi ezilawula ukukhula kweeseli emzimbeni, ezibangela ukuba zivelise ngokukhawuleza okanye zikhule ngokungaqhelekanga.
Ukubhema kuhambelana nobungozi obukhulu bokuphuhlisa oku kulandelayo:
- Umhlaza we-Esophageal
- Umhlaza wesisu
- Umhlaza wesifo
- Umhlaza wesisu
- Umhlaza emlonyeni
- Umhlaza womqala
- I-leukemia engummangaliso
- Umhlaza wesibeleko
- Ngomhlaza we-larynx
- Umhlaza wePancretic
Ukubhema kweempembelelo zeMpilo
Ewe, umhlaza wesifo somphunga awusona nje isongelo kwimpilo yokuphefumula yabatshayi. Isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwesifo se-pulmary disease (COPD) sisinye isizathu esibangela ukufa kubantu base-US, kwaye ama-90% eengxaki zeCOPD zidibene nokutshaya. Kulinganiselwa ukuba abantu abayizigidi ezili-10 e-United States baye bafumanisa ukuba baneCOPD, equka i-bronchitis engapheliyo kunye ne-emphysema.
Ababhemayo abesifazana banamaxesha angama-13 - kwaye abantu ababhemayo bephindwe kabili - mhlawumbi bafa kwiCOPD kunabo abazange bavume, ngokutsho kwe-American Cancer Society.
Abokubhema nabo banokugula ngenxa yokukhwehlela okungapheliyo kunye nokuqhuma; izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu kunye nezantsi; kunye nokwehla komsebenzi wamaphaphu.
Iimpembelelo kwiMpilo yokuzala
Kukho ingozi eyongezelelweyo yabashushu bentombi abaceba ukuzala abantwana okanye abaye bakhulelwa: ukutshaya kwenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa, kwaye uphando lubonakalisa umngcipheko wokungabikho kwabantwana abasetyhini.
Ngelishwa, uphando lubonisa ukuba kuphela i-25% yabasetyhini ababhemayo abakhulelwa ukuyeka ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwabo. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhulelwa kwengxaki
- Ukuzalwa kwangaphambili
- Amancinci aphantsi kokuzalwa
- Ukubeleka
- Ukufa kweintsana
- Placenta previa
- Ukuphazamiseka kwePlacental
Ukuguqula iMiphumo yokuSuba
Zininzi ezinye izingozi zempilo ezichaphazelekayo nokutshaya okungeyona nto isongela ubomi. Ukutshaya kufunyenwe ukulimaza phantse yonke iqumrhu lomzimba, kubangela izifo ezininzi kwaye ngokubanzi ukunciphisa impilo yonke yabatshayi.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuqala ukunciphisa ezinye zezo zingozi zempilo, kunye neenzuzo zokuyeka ukunyuka ukuyeka ukutshaya. Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo kunye nokushaywa yintlungu kuyancitshiswa ngokukhawuleza xa uyeka, kwaye abafudume bebebhemayo banomngcipheko ofanayo kunye nabangaboniyo emva kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-15, ngokwe-Surgeon General.
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. "Iimiphumo zeMpilo yeCigarette Smoking." Ukusetyenziswa koSuku noTywala. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-10 Januwari 2012.
Goldsmith RJ, et al "Kuye kwimbono ebanzi yokubuyiselwa." Umbhalo weNyango yokuShatshazwa kweziyobisi ngoMatshi 1993.
McIlvain HE, et al "Amanyathelo asebenzayo ekunqumeni ukutshaya ukuphuza utywala." WaseMerika ugqirha . Oktobha 1998.
ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. "Imiphumo yezeMpilo yokuSuba: Ingxelo yeGqirha jikelele." Isiko likaZwelonke seZifo esingapheliyo Ukuthintela nokuKhuthazwa kwezeMpilo, iOfisi yokuTshisa kunye neMpilo. 27 Meyi 2004.