Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwee-painkillers zonyango kuye kwasakazeka kakhulu eUnited States kangangokuthi ukufa nokuvakatyezwa kwamagumbi okuzongxamisekileyo okuhambelana nokugqithisa i-opioid zikhuphuka ngesantya esiyingozi.
Ukuchithwa kwelizwe ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, izigulisi zamapilisi kunye nogqirha uthengise umphumo ongalindelekanga. Njengoko i-painkillers yesigqirha sinzima kakhulu ukufumana kwaye ke ixabiso elininzi, abasebenzisi abaninzi baye bajika kwi-heroin njengendlela efumanekayo nangakumbi.
Ngenxa yoko, kuwo onke ama-US, ukuthotyelwa komthetho, kunye namagosa ezempilo bazisa i-spike enkulu kwi-heroin ngokugqithiseleyo ukufa kunye nokuvakatyelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthuma kwaye kungekhona kwimizi yasezidolophini kodwa kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni nakwiidolophu ezincinane kulo lonke ilizwe.
Into enokuyenza Ukuba umntu ogqithiseleyo
Ukuba ulazi umntu osebenzisa iipilisi zentlungu okanye i- heroin , ukuba banokugqithisela kakhulu kwiziyobisi kuyinyani. Iintlungu ezisekelwe kwi-opioid kunye ne-heroin zineziphumo ezibini eziphambili-ziyingozi kakhulu kwaye zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokugqithisa.
Ngaba uyazi ukuba ungayibona njani umahluko phakathi komntu "owayedlulile" kunye nomntu owayenokudlula ngaphezulu? Ukuba babedlulile, ngaba uyazi ukuba uphendule njani?
Ukuzama Ukunciphisa Ukugqithisa Ukufa
Umngcipheko ogqithiseleyo ukwanda kakhulu, inhlangano yezokwelapha yesizwe iye yavelisa isikhokelo sabangani kunye namalungu entsapho ukuba basebenzise ukuzama ukugcina ubomi babo bathandekayo.
Ikhadi lokuvuselela i-Opioid Overdose idizayilwe yenzelwe ukunceda ukufumanisa nokuphatha umntu okhankanywe ngokugqithisa i-opioid phambi kokuba abasebenzi bexakeka.
Ikhadi laveliswa yi-American Society of Anesthesiologists kwaye iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi kwi-intanethi ukukhuphela kwifomathi ye-PDF .
Yintoni Yokujonga Nendlela Yokuphendula
Ikhadi lokuqala lichaza iimpawu ukujonga ukuba umntu unobungozi obuninzi.
Kwakhona kunika amanyathelo athathathele ukuzama ukufumana impendulo kumntu kwaye uchaze amanyathelo athathweyo xa ephendula okanye engaphenduli.
Kakade ke, kuzo zonke iimeko zokudlula ngaphezulu kwe-9-1-1 kufuneka zibizwe.
Iingcebiso ezilandelayo zokujongana nokugqithisa i-opioid zichithwa kwikhadi le-ASA:
Iimpawu zokugqithisa
1. Ukuphefumula okucothayo nokungapheliyo.
2. Ayikwazi ukuthetha.
3. Lo mntu ubonakala engenakho.
4. Umbala wesikhumba obomvu okanye obomvu.
5. Umlomo omnyama kunye neminwe.
6. Ukwenza isandi okanye ukubetha izandi.
Ukuba kukho iiMpawu zoKugqithisa
1. Zama ukuphendula umntu.
2. Ukuba akukho mpendulo, thintela i-knuckles kwisifuba.
3. Ukuba baphendula, bahlale bephapheme.
4. Shayela u-9-1-1.
Ukuba Uba Ncinane okanye Akukho mpendulo
1. Shayela u-9-1-1.
2. Ukuba ulusu luhlaza, yenza umlomo wokusindiswa ngomlomo.
3. Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana i-pulse, yenza i-CPR.
4. Hlala nomntu.
5. Ukuba kufuneka ushiye, mbeke umntu kwindawo yokubuyisela.
Indlela yokulawula iNaloxone
Ikhadi libonisa ukuba ukuba unayo i-naloxone, eyaziwa nangokuthi nguNarcan, ukuba ufanele uyiphathe kumntu ogqithisiweyo ngokwemiyalelo epakethe. I-Naloxone yileziyeza zonyango ezitshintsha i-opioid overdose. Ayinakusetyenziswa ukuphakama kwaye ayilumlutha.
Ukuba unomntu othandayo osebenzisa i-opioid ubuhlungu okanye usebenzise i-heroin, unokufumanisa ukuba unokufumana njani iNarcan kwi-StopOverdose.org.
Ikhadi lokuvuselela i-Opioid Overdose I-ASA yaveliswa ngokubambisana ne-White House Ofisi ye-National Policy Control Policy.
I-ASA's Opioid Overdose Resuscitation card isisityebi esincedo esinika lula ukuyiqonda, iindlela zokusindisa ubomi ukuze kuncede abahlobo kunye nosapho baqaphele iimpawu ze-opioid overdose kwaye bathathe amanyathelo afunekayo ukugcina ubomi, "kusho uMlawuli we-ONDCP uRil Gil Kerlikowske kwiindaba zokukhululwa.
Imithombo:
I-American Society of Anesthesiologists. "Izixhobo." Ngee sibini Bala
IYunivesithi yaseWashington I-Alcohol & Drug Abuse Institute. "Funda nge-naloxone." StopOverdose.org Kuhlaziywa ngo- Ephreli 2013.