Kwiingqondo zengqondo, ukhetho olukhethiweyo lubonisa ukuthambekela kwabanye abantu ukuba banakho ukuyeka ukufundisisa kunabanye. Olu tyekelo lunokusongela ubungqina beengqondo.
Xa idatha iqokelelwa ngamanqaku amabini okanye amaninzi ngexesha lokuzama, kuya kubakho abantu abaqala isifundo kodwa bafumane ukuba abanako ukuqhubeka.
Ukukhutshwa kwiphononongo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye kungenzeka kuzo zombini izinto zokulinga kunye nexesha elide.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukukhetha okukhethileyo akuthethi ukuba abantu abathile banokuthi bayeke ukufunda. Kunoko, kubonisa ukuba kukho ukutyekela abantu ukuba bayeke ukuzama izizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Izizathu
Izizathu ezibangela ukuba abantu bayeke ukuphonononga uphando ngamanye amaxesha badluliselwa njengeMine ezine:
- Isizathu: Ngamanye amaxesha abantu balahlekelwa yimpembelelo yokuqhubeka nokuzama. Baye bathuka kwaye balahlekelwe ngumdla okanye bafumane ezinye izinto abazikhethayo.
- Ukuhamba: Kwezinye iimeko, abantu baphuma ngaphandle kwendawo kwaye abasakwazi ukuqhubeka nokufunda kwisimo seendawo. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ngexesha lokufunda ixesha elide . Xa abaphandi bezama ukufumana abathathi-nxaxheba bokuqala, banokufumana ukuba abaninzi baye bathuthela kwaye abanakufumaneka.
- Ukuxhatshazwa: Ukugula kunokuthintela abantu ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekuphandeni kwaye kunokubakhokelela ekuphumeni kwesifundo. Abathathi-nxaxheba banokufumana amafutshane episodes of illness abathintela ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwiingongoma eziphambili zesifundo, ngelixa abanye banokuba nezifo ezinzulu okanye ukutshaya umlutha okuthintelwa nayiphi na inxaxheba.
- Ukufa: Ekugqibeleni, abathathi-nxaxheba badlulayo ngaphambi kokuba uphando lupheliswe. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwizifundo zexesha elide ezijoliswe ngabantu abadala.
Bias Attist
Nangona i-attrition ekhethiweyo ayithethi ukuba iintlobo ezithile zabathathi-nxaxheba ziyakwazi ukuyeka ukuphononongwa, i-attrition ingakhokelela ekuphanduleni uphando xa abantu abaphuma kwangoko sifundo bahluke ngokukodwa kwabo bahlala kwisifundo.
Xa oko kwenzeka, abaphandi baphela ngeqela lokugqibela lokufunda elihluke kakhulu kwisampuli yasekuqaleni. Ngenxa yokungafani phakathi kweesampuli zokuqala kunye neqela lokugqibela labathathi-nxaxheba, into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-attrition bias inokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukho nantlukwano echanekileyo phakathi kwabo bagqiba isifundo kunye nalabo abaye baphuma, ngoko iziphumo aziyi kuphazamiseka yi-bias yo-attrition.
Iisongelo zokuqinisekisa
Xa amaqela athile abantu bephuma ekufundeni, ukukhwabanisa kunokuchaphazela ukuqinisekiswa kweziphumo. Ekubeni iqela lokugqibela labathathi-nxaxheba alisayi kubonisa ngokuchanekileyo isampula esimeleyo yesimangalo , iziphumo azikwazi ukuveliswa kubantu abaninzi.
Khawucinge ukuba abaphandi baqhuba isifundo somdelo ngendlela i-cardio yokuzivocavoca ichaphazela ngayo ukusebenza kwengqiqo njengabantu abadala. Abaphandi baqalisa isifundo ngokuqokelela idatha esuka kwisampula esimeleyo yabantu abadala abaneminyaka eliphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 no-45. Ngomhla wamashumi eminyaka alandelayo, abaphandi baqhubeka beqokelela idatha ngexesha lokuqina kwempilo kunye nokusebenza kwengcamango yesampula yabo yangaphambili.
Inkqubo yokukhetha iyakuvela ngokwemvelo ngesifundo esenzeka ngexesha elide elide. Abanye abathathi-nxaxheba baya kuhamba, abanye baya kulahlekelwa ngumdla, abanye banokugula, kwaye abanye baya kudlula.
Kodwa kuthekani ukuba amaqela athile abantu abaye baxhomekeka ngakumbi kwi-attrition ekhethiweyo? Masithi abahlolokazi bavame ukuyeka ukufundisisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabo bafumana iqabane eliseleyo. Ngenxa yokuba isampuli yokugqibela ayinakho idatha esuka kweli qela, kusenokungabonakali ukuthambekela okukhoyo kubonke abantu ngokubanzi, besongela ukuqinisekiswa kwangaphandle kweso sifundo kwaye kwenze kube nzima ukuvelisa iziphumo kubo bonke abantu.
Ukusebenza kwangaphakathi nako kunokuba yingxaki kunye neerhafu ezahlukeneyo phakathi kwamaqela okulawula kunye namaqela okuhlola . Ukuba abaphandi baqhuba ukuzama unyango lwexhala, umzekelo, iziphumo zeso sifundo zinokuthi zithandeke xa abantu beqela lokulinga behla kwizinga eliphezulu kunabo abakwiqela lolawulo.
Cinga, umzekelo, ukuba lo mgangatho wendlela yokubandezeleka unokubangela uxhalaba olwenza ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bazalise isifundo. Ekubeni iqela lokulinga libandakanya inani eliphakamileyo labantu abaye bazuza unyango, iziphumo ziya kuhlaselwa kwaye zibonisa ukuba unyango mhlawumbi lusebenza ngakumbi kunokuba luyiyo.
> Imithombo:
UHeckman, JJ (1979). Ukhetho lokukhethwa kweempendulo njengephutha lokushicilela. I-Econometrica, 47, 153-161.
Miller, RB, & Hollist, CS (2007). Bias Attist. I-Faculty Publications, iSebe le-Child, Youth and Studies Studies. IPhepha 45. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub/45/