Ukuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo kubhekiselele ekukhuliseni ityala lokutya
Ukuziphatha okuhlawulelayo kukuphela kwezinto abantu abaneengxaki zokutya ezenza ukuzama ukutya kunye nokudla iikhalori. Zizame ukususa uxhalaba, ityala okanye ezinye iimvakalelo "ezimbi" malunga nokutya okudliwe kunye nesenzo sokutya.
Ezi ziphatha ziqwalaselwa njengempawu ze-bulimia nervosa , i- anorexia nervosa , kunye nokuhlanza ingxaki, nangona zingabonakala kubantu 'abaneengxaki' zokutya okanye ezinye izifo zokutya.
Ukuziphatha okuhlawulekayo kunokwenzeka xa umntu esidla okungaphezulu kunokuba ayecwangcise ekudleni okanye ukhululekile ngokutya, emva kwesidlo sokutya, emva kokutya ukutya okuthe ngqo, okanye emva kokutya rhoqo. Njengoko igama libonisa, ezi ziphatha zivame ukuzama ukuhlawula inani leekhalori okanye inani lokutya elidliwe okanye ukukhulula iimvakalelo ezimbi ezibangelwa ukutya. Bahlala beqhutywa yintlanzi yokufumana ubunzima.
Imizekelo yeziNcedo zokuXhobisa
Indlela yokuzihlaziya eyaziwa kakhulu yinto yokuhlanza. Nangona kunjalo, eminye imizekelo yokuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo ekukhathazaneni kokutya kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweelaxatives, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweeruretics (iipilisi ezijoliswe ekupheliseni amanzi angaphezulu), ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamakholoni kunye nokuzibandakanya, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nokunyanzelisa umzimba . Inokuquka ukubandakanya ukuhlambulula nokusela amateyitha akhethekileyo ngamathambo.
Ukuzila ukutya okanye ukukhawulela ukutya kokutya ixesha elide emva kokutya kunokubhekwa njengendlela yokuhlawula.
Ukongezelela, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba abanye abantu abaneengxaki zokutya bahlafuna ukutya kwabo kwaye bawukhupha njengendlela yokuhlawula . Olunye uphando lufumene ukuba malunga nama-25% abantu abaneengxaki zokutya ezibandakanyeke kule ndlela yokuziphatha. Abantu abenza oku bavame ukuba neengxaki zokutya ezinzima, ezo zifundo ziboniswe.
Ukusebenzisa amacebiso amaninzi okuXhobisa
Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi abaneengxaki zokutya bayaqhubeka nokwandisa inani okanye inani lokuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo abazenzayo ukuze baqhubeke nokufezekisa inqanaba elifanayo loxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhalaba njengokuba baqala ngokuqala ngalezi ziphatha.
Enyanisweni, abantu abaneengxaki zokutya ezisetyenziselwa ukuziphatha okungaphezulu kweyodwa - umzekelo, ukuhlanza okuzenzekelayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-laxative - mhlawumbi kunokufumana ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokutya, olunye uphando luboniswe. Kweso sifundo, esabandakanya abantwana abangama-398 kunye nabaselula, malunga nama-38% kwezifundo ezisetyenziselwa ukuziphatha okungaphezulu komnye.
Amantombazana ayengaphezulu kunokuba amakhwenkwe asebenzise imilinganiselo engaphezulu kweyodwa, kwaye abo bafumene i-bulimia babenokuba baninzi kunokuba bafunyanwe ne-anorexia ukusebenzisa iimpawu ezininzi zokuhlawula, ukufundwa kweso sifundo. Abo babasebenzisa imilinganiselo engaphezulu kweyodwa, bekunjalo, ukuzithemba okuphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kunabantu abanenkxalabo yokutya abasetyenzisiweyo okanye abangenakho ukuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo. Abantwana abancinci abaneengxaki zokutya abasenakukwazi ukusebenzisa iimpazamo ezihlawulelwayo.
Unyango lweeNtlawulo zokuXhobisa
Ukuziphatha okuhlawulelayo kudla ukugcina umjikelezo wokutya okuphazamisekileyo .
Uninzi lweziphatho ezihlawulelwayo zibeka ingozi kwiingxaki zonyango. Ukunyangwa kwengxaki yokutya kufuneka kugxininise ekumiseni ukuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo. Ulwaphulo lwezobuchopho oluthile lweengqondo lenye yeyonyango ephumelele kakhulu ekujonganeni nokuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo kwimeko yokutya. Izigulane zifundiswa malunga neengozi zendlela zokuziphatha ezihlawulelwayo ezisetyenziswayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlanza okuzenzekelayo kunokuchaphazela ilizwi lomntu, ukulimaza i-esophagus, kwaye kukhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwelaxative kungonakalisa ikolon. Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kunokubangela ukulimala kakhulu.
Ngonyango lokuziphatha, iigulane zifundiswa ezinye iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo kunye netyala. Bafunda nokunyamezela iimvakalelo eziphazamisayo kunye neemvakalelo zokuzaliseka emva kokutya. Injongo yilezigulane ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokujamelana nokufana nokufikelela kwabanye ukuxhasa, ukupapashwa okanye ukucamngca. Izicwangciso ezithile zokuziphatha zokuyeka ukuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo zingafumaneka apha .
Ngamanye amaxesha ukuyeka ukuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo kunokuba nzima kakhulu, ngakumbi kubantu abaye bawasebenzisa iminyaka emininzi. Kwiimeko ezinje, baye baba nemikhwa kwaye banokuvakalelwa "ngokuzenzekelayo." Uncedo lobugcisa lunokunceda izigulane ziyonqobe ezi ziphatha. Kwezinye iimeko, inqanaba eliphezulu lononophelo olunjengoluhlobo lwezonyango lungafuneka ukuba luphazamise ukuziphatha okuhlawulelwayo rhoqo okanye okugxininiswe.
Imithombo:
Ingoma YJ et al. Ukuhlafuna nokutshiza ukutya njengendlela yokuhlawula izigulane kwizigulane ezineengxaki zokutya. Psychiatry epheleleyo. 2015 Oktobha; 62: 147-51.
Iiglasi-Izihlangu ze-CE et al. Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezininzi zokuziphatha ezihlawulekayo njengendlela yokutshatyalaliswa kokusasazeka kwesifo kwi-youth-seeking youth. I-International Journal ye-Disorders Disorders. 2012 Julayi; 45 (5): 704-10.