Isabelo esingahlawuliyo sithetha ngokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yesikhalazo kwiimvavanyo zengqondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umntu ochaphazelekayo unethuba elifanayo lokunikezelwa kunaliphi na iqela elinikeziweyo.
Abathathi-nxaxheba bafundayo banikezelwa ngamaqela ahlukeneyo, ngokufana neqela lokulinga, okanye iqela lonyango. Isabelo esingahlawuliyo sinokubandakanya amaqhinga afana nokutshintshela imali, ukudweba amagama ngaphandle kwengubo, ukuchithwa kwidayisi, okanye ukunikezela ngenani labafundi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba isabelo esingenako sichasene nokukhethwa okungahleliwe . Nangona ukhetho olukhethiweyo lubhekisela kwindlela abathathi-nxaxheba abakhethiweyo ngokukhawuleza ukumela uluntu oluninzi, isabelo esingenanto sichaza indlela abo bathathi-nxaxheba abakhethiweyo abelwe ngayo kumaqela okulinga.
Usebenza njani ngeRandom Work in Psychology Experiment?
Ukuchonga ukuba ngaba utshintsho kwisitshixo esisodwa lukhokelela ekutshintsheni kolunye uguquko, izazi zeengqondo kufuneka zenze uvavanyo . Abaphandi bavame ukuqala ngokwenza iingcamango ezivakalayo zokuqikelela ukuba enye inotsingiselo yenzalo iya kuba nefuthe kwintlobo enye.
Uguquko olwenziwa ngabantu abazama ukuzama uvavanyo luyaziwa ngokuba luguquko oluzimeleyo ngelixa uguquko abaya kubala ngalo lwaziwa njengoluhlu oluxhomekeke kuyo . Nangona kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubheka ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto ezihlukeneyo, kunye nokuzama kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana ingcamango ecacileyo ukuba kukho ubudlelwane obangela-nesebenzi phakathi kweenguqu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
Xa abaphandi baye baceba i-hypothesis, uphando lwangemvelaphi oluqhutywe, kunye nokukhethwa koyilo lokulinga, kufike ixesha lokufumana abahlanganyeli ukuvavanya kwabo. Abaphandi banokugqiba njani ukuba ngubani oyakuba yinxalenye yolu vavanyo? Njengoko kuthethwe ngaphambili, oku kudla ngokufezekiswa ngento eyaziwa njengekhetho olukhethiweyo.
Ukuze kuzaliswe iziphumo zovavanyo kwiqela elikhulu, kubalulekile ukukhetha isampula emele iimpawu ezifumanekayo kuloo manani. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inani labantu lilingama-51 ekhulwini labesetyhini kunye ne-49 ekhulwini yabesilisa, ngoko isampuli kufuneka ibonise loo maphesenti afanayo. Ukukhetha isampuli esimeleyo kudla ngokufezekiswa ngokukhetha ngokukhawuleza abantu kubemi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwisifundo. Ukukhethwa kwe-Random kuthetha ukuba wonke umntu kwiqela limi kunye nethuba elilinganayo lokukhethwa.
Xa ikhefu labathathi-nxaxheba likhethiwe, lixesha lokubabela ngamaqela. Ngokunikezela ngokungahambi inxaxheba kumaqela, abahloli banokuqiniseka ukuba iqela ngalinye liya kuba lilinganayo phambi kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezizimeleyo.
Abathathi-nxaxheba bangabelwa ngokulandelelana kwiqela lokulawula , elingenalo unyango olubhekiselele kulo. Okanye mhlawumbi bangabelwa ngokulandelelana kwiqela lokulinga , elifumana unyango. Isabelo esingenakusiza sandisa amathuba okuba amaqela amabini anjalo ekuqaleni, ngaloo ndlela nayiphi na utshintsho ephumela ekusetyenzisweni kweenguqu ezizimeleyo kunokuthathwa njengesiphumo sokwenza unyango.
Umzekelo Wezabelo ezingenangqungquthela
Khawucinge ukuba umphandi unomdla wokufunda nokuba ungasayi kusela uphuzo lwe-caffein phambi kokuba uvavanyo luya kuphucula ukusebenza kovavanyo. Emva kokukhetha ngokukhethiweyo iqela labafundi, ngamnye umntu unikwe ngokulandelelana ukuba iqela lokulawula okanye iqela lokulinga. Abathathi-nxaxheba kwiqela lokulawula badla isiselo se-placebo ngaphambi kovavanyo olungenayo nayiphi i-caffeine. Labo beqela lokulinga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, badla isiphuzo se-caffeinated ngaphambi kokuba bathathe uvavanyo. Abathathi-nxaxheba kumabini omabili bathabatha uvavanyo kwaye umphandi ufanisa iziphumo ukufumanisa ukuba isiphuzo se-caffeinated sinefuthe ekusebenzeni kovavanyo.
ILizwi
Isabelo esingahlawuliyo senza indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yophando lwezesayikholo. Akukona nje ukuba le nkqubo inokunceda ekupheliseni imvelaphi yezinto ezikhoyo, kwaye kwenza kube lula ukuvelisa iziphumo zoluntu kubantu abaninzi.
Isabelo esingahlawuliyo sinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu eqela ngalinye kuvavanyo alinganayo, oko kuthetha ukuba amaqela ayenokuthi amele okwakubantu abaninzi. Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela, abaphandi bezekhnoloji bayakwazi ukufunda iziganeko eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye negalelo ekuqondeni kwethu kwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha komntu.
> Imithombo:
> Alferes, VR. Izindlela zoLungiso kwiNkcazo yoVavanyo. Los Angeles: SAGE; 2012.
> Nestor, PG & Schutt, RK. Iindlela zokuPhando kwiNzululwazi: Ukuphanda ukuziphatha kwabantu. Los Angeles: SAGE; 2015.