A Uphando luxhobo sokuqokelela idatha esetyenziselwa ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nabantu. Uphando luyasetyenziswa ngokubanzi uphando lwezekwenkcazo ukuqokelela idatha yokunika ingxelo kubafundi abathatha inxaxheba. Uphando lunokugxininisa ulwazi oluchanileyo ngabantu ngabanye, okanye lube nenjongo yokufumana iingcamango zabathengi bee-survey.
Ngoko kutheni izazi zengqondo zikhethi ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisa uphando ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuphando lweengqondo?
Uphando luyinye yezixhobo eziphandwayo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba zingasetyenziselwa ukuqokelela idatha kunye nokuchaza iziganeko ezenzeka ngokusemthethweni ezikhoyo kwihlabathi langempela. Zinika abaphandi ithuba lokuqokelela ulwazi oluninzi ngendlela ekhawulezayo kwaye elula. Inani elikhulu leempendulo lingafumaneka ngokukhawuleza, okuvumela oososayensi ukuba basebenze ngeenkcukacha ezininzi.
Uphando lweeNzululwazi ezisetyenziselwa uphando lwezengqondo?
Uphando lunokusetyenziswa ukuphanda iimpawu, ukuziphatha, okanye izimvo zeqela labantu. Ezi zixhobo zophando zingasetyenziselwa ukubuza imibuzo malunga nolwazi lwentlalo malunga neempawu ezinjengezesondo, inkolo, ubuzwe, kunye nemali engenayo. Basenokuqokelela ulwazi ngamava, imibono, kunye neemeko zokucinga. Ngokomzekelo, abaphandi bangabonisa abantu ngesimo esithile kwaye babuze ukuba bangayiphendula njani kuloo meko.
Abaphandi bahamba njani ngokuqokelela ulwazi usebenzisa i-survey? Uphando lunokuphathwa ngeendlela ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo. Ngenye indlela eyaziwa njenge-intanethi ehleliweyo, umphandi ucela ngamnye umntu ochaphazelekayo imibuzo. Ngenye indlela eyaziwa ngokuba ngumbuzo wemibuzo, lowo uthatha inxaxheba uzalisa uphando kwiyakhe.
Mhlawumbi uye wathatha uphando oluninzi oludlulileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo, nangona i-questionnaire indlela ihamba phambili.
Uphando ngokubanzi lulungelelwanisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokuthenjwa nokuthembeka . Ukumiswa kwakhona kubalulekile ukwenzela ukuba iziphumo zingabonakaliswa kubantu abaninzi.
Iinzuzo zokuSebenzisa iiSaveyi
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokusebenzisa uphando ngophando lweengqondo kukuba zivumela abaphandi ukuba baqokelele ubuninzi beenkcukacha ngokukhawuleza kwaye zingabizi. Uphononongo lunokulawulwa njengendlebe nodliwano-ndlebe okanye njengendlela yokuphendula ingxelo, kunye nedatha ingaqokelela kumntu, phezu kwefowuni okanye kwikhompyutha.
- Uphando luvumela abaphandi ukuba baqokelele inani elikhulu leenkcukacha ngexesha elifutshane.
- Uphando alubizi ngaphaya kwamanye amaninzi okuqokelela idatha.
- Uphando lungadalwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye lulawulwe lula.
- Uphando lungasetyenziselwa ukuqokelela ulwazi kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka iinkcukacha, izimo zengqondo, ukuziphatha okudlulileyo kunye nezimvo.
Iingxaki zokusebenzisa iiSaveyi
Enye ingxaki enokubakho ngophando olubhaliweyo yinto engabalulekanga. Iingcali zibonisa ukuba izinga lokubuyela kuma-85 ekhulwini okanye phezulu libhekwa lihle kakhulu, kodwa nantoni na engaphantsi kwama-60 ekhulwini inokuba nefuthe elibi kwiimpawu zesampuli.
- Ukwakhiwa kovavanyo lweengxaki kunye nolawulo kunokunciphisa ezinye izifundo ezicwangciswe kakuhle.
- Iimpendulo zempendulo ezinikeziweyo kwiphononongo ayinokuba yindlela ecacileyo ngayo indlela abathathi-nxaxheba abavakalelwa ngayo ngokwenene.
- Nangona iisampulu zengqamaniso ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukukhetha abathathi-nxaxheba, amaxabiso omphendulelo angakunceda iziphumo zophando.
- Intlalo yoluntu efuna ukunyaniseka ingakhokelela abantu ukuba baphendule ngendlela eyenza babonakale bebhetele kunokuba babenjalo. Ngokomzekelo, ummangalelwa angabika ukuba baziphatha ngendlela enempilo ngakumbi kunokuba babenza ubomi boqobo.
Iintlobo zeSavey Data Collection
Uphando luya kuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Amathuba alungile ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zophando lweemarike kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokulawula uphando ziquka:
- Imeyili - Umzekelo unokubandakanya uphando lwama-alumni olusasazwa ngeposi ngokuthe ngqo nge-alma mater yakho.
- Ifowuni - Umzekelo wolu vavanyo lwefowuni uza kuba yinkqutyana yophando lweemarike malunga namava akho ngomkhiqizo othile.
- I-intanethi-I-intanethi ye-intanethi ingabhekisela kumava akho kunye nomthengisi othile, umkhiqizo okanye iwebhusayithi.
- Kwi-interview interview yasekhaya - Ubalo lwabantu base-United States ngumzekelo omhle wolawulo lwee-intanethi zengxoxo.
> Imithombo:
> Coon, D., & Mitterer, J. Ingqungquthela kwiSycholoji: Iingcinga zokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha. EBelmont, CA: UCengage Learning; 2010.
> Goodwin, CJ Research in Psychology: Izindlela kunye noyilo. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Son; 2010.
> UNicholas, uL .. Isingeniso kwi-Psychology. IKapa: IJuta neNkampani Ltd; 2008.