Ukubonwa komfanekiso-mfanekiso kubhekiselele ekutheni umgangatho wezinto ezibonakalayo ukwenza lula ukwenza indawo kwindawo esona siyijonga (umfanekiso) kunye nayo yonke into eyenza imvelaphi (okanye umhlaba). Ingcamango yombono wezinto ezibonakalayo ngokuqhelekileyo udlalwa ngokucacileyo kunye nobuso "buso okanye i-vases" yeklastiki, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Rubin vase. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ubona omnyama okanye umhlophe njengomfanekiso, unokuba ubona ubuso obunamabini kwiprofayili (okubonisa ukuba ubona umbala omnyama njengalo mfanekiso) okanye i-vase phakathi (oku kuthetha ukuba ubona umbala omhlophe njengalo mfanekiso) .
Imbali Yomfanekiso-I-Perround Perception
Ingcamango yembono-mhlaba ivela kwintsimi ye- Gestalt yengqondo . Ngokutsho kwendlela yeGestalt, yonke into (okanye eyahlukileyo) ngaphezu kwesixa-mali sazo. Igama elithi Gestalt ngokwayo livela kwigama lesiJamani elisho "ifomu" okanye "ukuma."
Ngexesha le-1920, inani elithile labasemagunyeni baseJamani kuquka uMax Wertheimer noWolfgang Kohler baqalisa ukufundisisa imigaqo eyahlukeneyo yokujonga indlela abantu abavakalelwa ngayo ihlabathi elingaqhelekanga. Umsebenzi wabo waholela ekuya kuthiwa yi- Gestalt imigaqo yentlangano .
Le ngcamango yokucinga iphakamisa ukuba abantu bayayiqonda ingqiqo yehlabathi ababajikelezayo ngokuthetha izinto ezihlukeneyo kwaye zidibanise zibe zihlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ubheka imilo ethathwa kwisiqwenga samaphepha, ingqondo yakho iyakuthi iqulunqe imilo ngokwezinto ezifana nokufana okanye ukufutshane.
Izinto ezifana nomnye zivame ukuhlanganiswa. Izinto ezikufuphi nazo ziyakuthi zihlanganiswe ndawonye.
Nangona i-concept-ground-perception ingumgaqo obalulekileyo kwi-Psychology ye-Gestalt, ayisoloko ichongwa njengomnye wemithetho yombutho oqondayo.
Iingcamango zengcamango yomhlaba zihambelana nenye yezona ndlela eziphambili zokuba lula ukwenza izinto ezibonakalayo.
Abantu bahlula njani phakathi koMzobo kunye noMhlaba?
Xa ukhangela indawo ebonakalayo, abantu bavame ukukhangela iindlela zokwahlula phakathi komfanekiso kunye nomhlaba. Ezinye iindlela abantu abazenzayo zibandakanya:
- I-Blurriness: Izinto eziphambi kokuqala zivame ukuba zihluthe kwaye zihluke ngoxa abo basemva bebuhlungu okanye bangaboni.
- Ukwahlula: Ukwahluka okukhulu phakathi kwezinto kunokukhokelela ekuboneni umbala kunye nomhlaba. I-rubin vase ngumzekelo omnye.
- Ubukhulu: Izithombe ezibonakala zikhulu ziza kubonwa njengento esondeleyo kwaye inxalenye yeso sibalo ngelixa ezo ezincinci ziza kubonakala zide kunye nenxalenye yemvelaphi.
- Ukwahlula: Into ekhethiweyo kuyo yonke into ekubonakalayo ibonakala ngathi iyimifanekiso ngokusesikweni.
Imizekelo yoMboniso-Ground Perception
"Ubuso okanye iifestile" umzekeliso ngenye yezona zibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo zomhlaba. Oko ubona kuxhomekeke ekubeni ubona umhlophe njengomfanekiso okanye umnyama njengomfanekiso. Ukuba ubona umhlophe njengomfanekiso, uya kubona i-vase. Ukuba ubona omnyama njengomfanekiso, ngoko ubona ubuso obunamabini kwiprofayili.
Uninzi lwabantu luyakwazi ukuguqula imibono yabo kwaye uphenduke kwakhona naphambili phakathi kwevase kwaye ubhekane nemifanekiso.
Udumo lwe-MC Escher ngokugqithiseleyo lusetyenzise le ngcamango ukudala inani elincomekayo lokuguqula umhlaba. Imidwebo yakhe ecacileyo ihlala ibandakanya iziboniso eziqilileyo ezikhohlisayo iso kwaye zidale utshintsho olushukumisayo.