Ukunyangwa kwengxaki yokukhathazeka kweNtlalo kunye neCandelo loPhulo lwaBasebenzi
Ulwaphulo lwe-intertalal (IPT) luyiprogram yonyango yeeveki ezi-12 ukuya kwe-16 ezazisungulwa ukuxinezeleka . I-IPT yadalwa nguGerald Klerman no-Myrna Weissman kuma-1980. Unyango luyilwe kwaye lujolise kwiimeko zentlalo yeengxaki kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kwabantu.
Ulwaphulo lwangaphakathi luye lwabonakalisa olusebenzayo kunyango lweengxaki zokutya kunye nengxaki ye-bipolar .
Ngenxa yokuba enye yesithathu yezigulane ezineengxaki zokuxhalaxwa kwentlalo (SAD) aziphenduli kumachiza okanye unyango lwe-behavioral (CBT) , nangenxa yobume be-SAD, i-IPT ngoku ithatyathwa njengeyona ndlela yonyango.
Amanyathelo okuThatyathwa kwabaSebenzi
I-IPT ngokubanzi iqhubela phambili kwizigaba ezintathu ezihlukeneyo eziquka iiseshoni zonyango zeveki.
- Isigaba 1: Iiseshoni 1 - 3
Ngexesha lesigaba soku-1, umgqirha wakho uza kubonakalisa iinkalo ezingabonakaliyo ebomini bakho ngokudinga ukunakwa. Oku kubandakanya i-inventory e dwelisa bonke ubudlelwane obalulekileyo ebomini bakho, kunye nemimandla ephambili yobunzima bobudlelwane, njengokungabikho koluntu okanye ukungaxhasi .
- Isigaba 2: Iiseshoni 4 - 14
Ingcali yakho iya kujongana neengxaki ebuhlotsheni bakho.
- Isigaba 3: Iiseshoni 15 - 16
Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, umgqirha uya kuxoxa kwaye ahlaziye inkqubela yakho kwaye akulungiselele ukuphela kweyeza.
Iindawo zokungenelela
Kwimodeli ye-IPT yokudakumba, iinkalo ezine ziyakuthi ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lokonyango: iingxabano zabanye, ukuguquka kwendima, intlungu, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwabantu. Ngezantsi zizinto eziphambili kummandla ngamnye.
- Iingxabano phakathi kwabasebenzi: Ingcali yakho iya kuchonga iingxaki kunye nokufundisa kunye nezicwangciso zokusombulula iingxaki zobudlelwane bakho.
- Iinguqulelo zemiSebenzi: I-yourrapist iya kukunceda ufumane izicombululo zokujongana neengxaki ekuzivumelaneni neemeko ezintsha.
- Usizi: Ukuba usizi ngenxa yokufa okanye enye ilahleko idale indima ebunzima bakho, iya kuhlolisiswa.
- Ulwaphulo lwabantu abaphakathi: Ulophu lwakho luyakunceda ukuba ufumene iingxaki ngendlela ochazela ngayo abanye. Ukuba unganalo ubudlelwane obunxulumene nobomi bakho, umgqirha uya kusebenzisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwakho njengesiseko sokuhlola ubunzima, kwaye kuya kukunceda ufunde indlela yokuphuhlisa ubudlelwane obutsha.
Iinkqubo zoPhando loLuntu
Amanyathelo amaninzi e-IPT athathwa kwamanye amayeza, njengengqondo ye-psychoanalytic kunye ne-CBT. Ezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziswe ngumphathiswa we-IPT ziquka ukucaciswa, ukuphulaphula ukuxhasa, ukudlala indima, uhlalutyo lwezonxibelelwano, nokukhuthazwa kwefuthe.
I-IPT neNtlalo yokuxhalabisa ngengxaki
Uphando ekusebenziseni i-IPT kunye ne-SAD isengumntwana. Kwisifundo esincinane sezigulane ezingama-9 ezine-SAD, i-78% yabalwa njengempawu ezininzi okanye eziphuculweyo kakhulu emva kokunyanga nge-IPT. Izigulana zanikela izibonelo eziphathekayo zenguqu ezintle emva kokunyanga, njengokufumana umsebenzi omtsha, ukubuyela esikolweni okanye ukuthandana.
Kuhlalutyo olubucayi, i-IPT yafunyanwa ukubonisa iziphumo ezingcono ze-SAD kuneengqondo zengqondo, kodwa iziphumo ezincinci zifaniswa ne-CBT.
I-IPT ye-SAD iye yahanjiswa yilezixhobo eziphathekayo (mIPT); Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-IPT enikezelwe kuloluhlobo lwefomati yokuzimela lucacise kancinci i-mCBT.
Nangona i-IPT ibonakala ithemba njengonyango lwe-SAD, kufuna uphando olungakumbi. Ngokukodwa, abaphandi baqaphele ukuba i-IPT ingadinga ukuguqulwa okunye ukuyenza ukuba isebenze kwiintlungu zokuxhalabisa.
Ngaba ufumana i-IPT yokuxhalabisa abantu? Ngokubanzi, ayikwazi ukulimaza kwaye inokunceda. Nangona kunjalo, kubonakala ngathi ukuba unikwe ukhetho phakathi kwe-CBT okanye i-IPT, unikezelwe ubungqina boluphando ngoku, ubuya kuba ngcono ukuhamba ngendlela ye-CBT.
Imithombo:
Dagoo J, Asplund RP, Bsenko HA, et al. Ulwaphulo lokuziphatha kwengqondo ngokuchasene nengqondo ye-psychotherapy ye-social disorder disorder ihanjiswa nge-smartphone kunye nekhompyutheni: ilingo elilawulwa ngokungenamthetho. Ixhalaba. 2014; 28 (4): 410-7.
I-Lipsitz JD, uMarkowitz JC, iCherry S, iFyer AJ. Vula inzame ye-psychotherapy yonyango ekusebenzeni unyango lwentlalo. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry . 1999; 156: 1814-1816.
UMarkowitz JC, uLipsitz J, uMilrod BL. Ukuphononongwa okubalulekileyo kwiphumo lophando kwi-psychotherapy yabanikazi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwengxaki. Cinezela uxhalabe. 2014; 31 (4): 316-25.
URobertson M, uRushton P, Wurm C. Ulwalamano lwengqondo kwi-Psychotherapy: Ingqwalasela . Kufumaneke ngoFebruwari 26, 2016.