Uphando lucebisa ubuchopho buya kuqeqeshwa ngovelwano
Uvelwano luquka ukukwazi ukuziva abanye. Oku kukwazi ukuqonda ukubandezeleka kwabanye abantu kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo ekhuthaza iziphathamandla eziphathekayo , okanye umnqweno wokunceda.
Uvelwano novelwano Akunjalo
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba imfesane ibandakanya okungakumbi nje ukuvelana. Imfesane inceda abantu bazive oko abanye bakuvakalelwa, kodwa banyanzela ukuba bancede abanye baze banciphise ubunzima babo.
Kuze kube kutshanje, izazinzulu zesazi kakhulu malunga nokuba imfesane ingahlakulelwa okanye ifundiswe.
Ukuzindla Ukusebenzisa Ukucamngca
Kwiphando elithile elipapashwe kwiphephancwadi ye- Psychological Science , abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba kungekhona kuphela abantu abanokufunda ukubonisa imfesane, ukufundisa imfesane kunokubangela ukuziphatha okungakumbi kwaye kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwengqondo. Abaphandi bafuna ukwazi ukuba abantu abadala bangafunda imfesane kwaye ubungqina obulandelayo bathi bayakwazi.
Abaphandi bafundisa njani imfesane? Esi sifundo, abantu abadala bafundiswa ukuba baxhamle ngokucamngca , inqubo yobuBuddha yamandulo yayijolise ekwandiseni iimvakalelo zabantu abanobandezeleka.
Ukucamngca kusebenza njani? Ngoxa becamngca, abathathi-nxaxheba bacelwa ukuba bacinge ngethuba apho umntu ehlupheka. Emva koko baphinda bafuna ukukhululeka kosizi lomntu.
Abathathi-nxaxheba baceliwe ukuba baqhelise ukufumana imfesane kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabantu, ngokuqala nomntu abaza kuba novelwano olunzulu, njengelungu losapho okanye umhlobo osondeleyo. Baye bacelwa ukuba bazenzele imfesane ngomntu ongaziwayo, kunye nomntu owayengqubana naye.
Elinye iqela labathathi-nxaxheba libiza iqela lokulawula , laqeqeshwa kwindlela eyaziwa njenge-recappraisal ingqondo apho abantu bafunda ukuhlaziya iingcamango zabo ukuze bazive bengenanto.
Abaphandi bafuna ukugqiba ukuba abantu bafunde ukutshintsha imikhwa yabo ngexesha elifutshane nje, ngoko ke amaqela amabathathi-nxaxheba athola ukuqeqeshwa kwe-intanethi kwisithuba semini engama-30 imihla ngemihla kwiiveki ezimbini.
Ukubeka uQeqesho lobuNtu kuVavanyo
Luhlobo luni lwefuthe loqeqesho lovelwano? Waqhathaniswa njani nemiphumo yeqela lolawulo?
Abaphandi bafuna ukwazi ukuba uqeqesho lovelwano luya kunceda abathathi-nxaxheba babe ngabanye. Abathathi-nxaxheba baceliwe ukuba badlale umdlalo apho bachitha imali yabo ukunceda omnye umntu onesidingo. Umdlalo wawubandakanya ukudlala nabanye abantu ababengaziwa ngabanye abakwii-intanethi, omnye "owayengumlawuli wecawa" kunye nomnye "owahlukileyo." Njengoko umthathi-nxaxheba wayebukele umlawuli weDictator esabelana ngenani lemali kunye noXhoba, umthathi-nxaxheba unokuthi anqume ukuba uninzi lwemali eyabelana ngayo kwaye abuyisele kwakhona imali phakathi koDictator kunye noXhoba.
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba abo baqeqeshelwa imfesane banokukwazi ukuchitha imali yabo ukuze bancede umdlali oye waphathwa kakubi, umzekelo wokuziphatha okungenanto.
Laba badlali banakho amathuba okuba bathathe inxaxheba kulolu hlobo kunokuba babekho kwiqela elilawulayo abaye baqeqeshwa kwi-reappraisal.
Uqeqesho lovelwano luguqula ubuchopho
Abaphandi bafuna ukubona ukuba luphi uhlobo lwefuthe loqeqesho lovelwano oluneengqondo. Ukusebenzisa i-imagination magontic resonance imaging (fMRI) kokubili ngaphambi nangemva koqeqesho, abaphandi bakwazi ukubona indlela ukucamngca ngemfesane kwathintela umsebenzi wengqondo. Okubonileyo kukuba abo bathathi-nxaxheba ababenokuthi bangabi nantoni emva kokuba uqeqesho lobubele lube nokwanda kwintsebenzo yengqondo kwi-cortex engaphantsi, kwindawo yengqondo ehambisana novelwano kunye nokuqonda kwabanye abantu.
Eminye imimandla yengqondo ehambelana neemvakalelo ezintle kunye nokulawulwa kwemimiselo kwabonisa ukunyuka komsebenzi.
Abaphandi bacacisa ukuba njengamanye amaninzi amakhono, imfesane isakhono esinokuphuculiswa kunye nokusebenza. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba iziphumo zolu cwaningo zinika ithuba elinomdla lokunceda abantu bavelise imfesane, ngaloo ndlela baguqula ubomi bebaninzi. Abantu abadala abanempilo akuphela kuphela abanokuzuza kulolu qeqesho. Ukufundisa abantwana kunye nabantu abanemfesane banokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokunceda abo banzima nemicimbi yoluntu.
Ubaluleka bokufundisa inceba
Kutheni kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba imfesane ingafundwa, nangabantu abadala? Ngenxa yokuba imfesane yinkalo ebalulekileyo yamanyathelo amaninzi amaninzi kuquka ukuguquka nokuqhayisa . Ngaphambi kokuba sithathe isenzo sokuncedisa omnye umntu, kubalulekile ukuba asiyikuqonda kuphela imeko yomntu, kodwa ukuba sinokuziva ukuqhuba uxinzelelo lwakhe.
Ngokwabanye abaphandi, imfesane iquka izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo:
- Okokuqala, abantu kufuneka bazive ukuba iingxaki omnye umntu ojongene nazo ziyingozi.
- Kwakhona kufuneka bakholelwe ukuba ezi ngxaki azizenzekanga. Xa abantu bakholelwa ukuba ubunzima bomntu yiyona mpazamo yakhe, abanako ukunyamezela kwaye banako ukubanceda.
- Ekugqibeleni, abantu kufuneka bakwazi ukuzitshintsha ngokwabo imeko efana neengxaki ezifanayo.
Kungabonakala ngathi ngumyalelo omude, kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba imfesane yinto esinokuyifunda. Akunakuphela kuphela esinokufunda ukuba sibe novelwano, ukwakha amandla okuvakalelwa kunokusenza senze isenzo kwaye sincede abo basondeleyo.
ILizwi
Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lixakekile, konke kukulula ukuzivakalelwa kukuba abantu baye balahleka uxhulumaniso lwabo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlaselwa kweendaba ezimbi kunokukhokelela abantu ukuba baninzi ukuba banokukwenza ukutshintsha okwenzekayo kwihlabathi. Uphando lucebisa, nangona kunjalo, ukuba imfesane isakhono esinokufunda nokuqiniswa. Mhlawumbi ngokufunda indlela yokwandisa imfesane yethu, abantu bangakha ukuxhamla okunzulu, okunxulumene nabanye abaza kukhuthaza imisebenzi emihle, izenzo ezinokubaluleka kunye nobuntu obulula.
Imithombo:
Umbutho weSayensi yeNzululwazi. (Ngo-2013, ngoMeyi 22). Ubuchopho buya kuqeqeshwa ngovelwano, imizekelo yokufunda. Ukufunyanwa kwi-http: //www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/news/releases/compassion-training.html
I-Cassell, E. (2009). I-Oxford Handbook yePhysical Psychology (2 ed.). ENew York: i-Oxford University Press. iphe. 393-403. ISBN 978-0-19-518724-3.
Weng, HY, Fox, AS, Shackman, AJ, Stodola, DE, Caldwell, JKZ, Olson, MC, Rogers, GM, & Davidson, R. J (2013). Uqeqesho lovelwano luya kutshintsha izinto kunye neempendulo zengqondo. I-Psychological Science , 24 (7), 1171-1180 . INGXELO: 10.1177 / 0956797612469537