Iimiphumo eziqhelekileyo zeMida ye-ADHD kunye nendlela yokunciphisa
Abantwana abane- ADHD banokubambelela okufutshane kunye nokuba neengxaki zokuba zixakeke kwaye zingachukumisi. Oko kuthetha ukuba abanokwenza kakuhle esikolweni, banokuba neengxaki zokwenza okanye ukugcina abahlobo, kwaye banokuba neengxaki ekhaya nasemisebenzini emva kokufunda esikolweni.
Ngenhlanhla, unyango lunokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu ze-ADHD kwiintlobo ezininzi zezingane. Ezi zonyango zibandakanya imishanguzo ye-ADHD kunye neyeza zokuziphatha, nokuba ngaba unyango olusesikweni lokuziphatha kunye nengcali yengqondo yengqondo okanye umcebisi, okanye nje amanyathelo alula abazali notitshala abafunde ukuguqula ukuziphatha komntwana ukubanceda ukuba bahleleke ngakumbi, baphephe iziphazamiso, baziphathe ngokufanelekileyo.
AMAHLA
I-ADHD imishishini sele ibe yinxalenye yintloko yezicwangciso zonyango kwiinkwenkwezi ezininzi ezine-ADHD.
La mayeza e-ADHD ngoku aquka:
- Iimfutho ezincinci zokwenza izinto: I-Adderall, i- Dexedrine , i-Focalin, iRitalin
- I-Intermediate Acting stimulants: I-Dexedrin Spansule, iMetadate ER, uRitalin SR
- Ukukhuthazwa kwexesha elide: Adderall XR, Concerta , Daytrana , Focalin XR, CD yeMetadate, Ritalin LA, Vyvanse
- Iimpawu ezixhasayo: Intuniv , Strattera
Olu luhlu lubangela ukuba kubekho iipilisi ezininzi ze-ADHD ezahlukileyo ukukhetha kuzo, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho unemiphumo emibi kwiyodwa okanye ngaphezulu kweyeza. Izinqumo zakho ngokukhawuleza zincinci xa uqonda ukuba izikhuthazo zifana neefom ehlukeneyo kunye neendidi ezimbini ze-ADHD imithi - i-methylphenidate (Ritalin) kunye neyeza-amphetamine-based:
- I-Methylphenidate (Ritalin) i-ADHD imishishini: I-Concerta, i-Daytrana, i-Focalin ne-Focalin XR, i-CD yeMetadate kunye ne-Metadate ER, uRitalin LA kunye noRitalin SR
- Ameditamine-based ADHD mayeza: Adderall kunye neAdderall XR, Dexedrine kunye ne-Dexedrine Spansule, iVivvanse
Kutheni kukho imithi eninzi ye-ADHD xa ifana noko? Kwezinye iimeko, la mayeza ayenayo iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa ezenza ukuba zihlale zide. Ngokomzekelo, i-Concerta ifaneleke ukuba idlule iiyure ezili-12, ngelixa uRitalin SR ehlala kuphela malunga neeyure eziyi-8, nangona bobabini banemithayiphenidate njengesithako sabo esisebenzayo.
Kwamanye amaxesha, indlela othabatha ngayo amayeza ahluke ngokupheleleyo, afana ne-Daytrana yokunikezela kweekhontathi.
Imiphumo emibi yeMida ye-ADHD
Nangona la mayeza e-ADHD anceda abantwana abaninzi baphathe iimpawu zabo ze-ADHD, abanye abazali basenqikaza ukuqala umntwana wabo kwiyeza ezifana noRitalin okanye i-Adderall kuba banenkxalabo malunga nemiphumo emibi.
Kwezinye iimeko, ezo nkxalabo zichanekile. Izikhuthazo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-ADHD ziyaziwayo ngenxa yokubangela ukunciphisa intlanzi, ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukulala, kunye neentloko.
Uninzi lweziphumo zecala lusexeshana okanye lunokulawulwa lula ngokunciphisa umlinganiselo weyeza.
Abanye abazali banenkxalabo malunga nehlazo lokuthatha amayeza e-ADHD, banenkxalabo malunga neengxabano ngaphezu kukaRitalin, okanye banenkxalabo yokuba amayeza aya kwenza umntwana wabo abe nomsindo, ahlasele, okanye aphinde aphelise, njenge-zombie. Ngethamsanqa, ezi zinto azikho iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zamachiza e-ADHD, kwaye ukuba zenzeke, udokotela wakho wezilwanyana unokuthi ayeke amayeza okanye anciphise umlinganiselo weyeza.
Ezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo abazali abahlala bexhalabele ngazo xa beqala umntwana wabo kwiyeza ze-ADHD zingaquka:
- I-Tics - Ukukhathazeka malunga ne-tics kunokwenzeka ukuba zonke izikhuthazo ziluhlu lwee-tics njenge-contraindication kumiselweyo. Iingcali ezininzi ze-ADHD azicingi ukuba izikhuthazo, ezifana noRitalin, ngokwenene zibangele okanye zibuhlungu ngakumbi, kwaye ukuba i-ADHD kunye neengxaki ezingapheliyo zihlala zenzeke kunye nabanye abantwana.
- Ukufa ngokukhawuleza - Izikhuthazo nazo zenza isilumkiso sokuba zingabangela ukufa ngokukhawuleza kubantwana abaneengxaki zentliziyo okanye ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo ezinzulu, ezinjenge-cardiomyopathy okanye ingqondo engathandekiyo. Khumbulani udokotela wakho wezilwanyana malunga nayiphi na iingxaki zentliziyo umntwana wakho ayenayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuvuselela ukubona ukuba i-EKG okanye enye imithi ingabonakaliswa.
- Ukuzibulala - I-Strattera inesilumkiso malunga neengozi eyongeziweyo yeengcinga zokuzibulala , nto leyo eyenza kubalulekile ukubeka umntwana wakho kwishintsho kwimimoya okanye ekuziphatheni xa uqala okanye uguqula izilwanyana zeStrattera.
Ukunciphisa imiSebenzi yangaphandle
Enye yezindlela ezintle zokunciphisa imiphumo emibi yonyango lwe-ADHD kukuba unelindeleke ngokwenene oko ucinga ukuba unyango oluya kukwenzela umntwana wakho.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho unobungozi kwaye unomdla wokuba unenkathazo imihla ngemihla esikolweni, kungenokuba kulungile ukuba ufumana ingxaki encinane yokuthetha kanye emva kweeveki ezimbalwa.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ootitshala, ootitshala kunye notitshala bafumana ingxaki xa beqhubeka nokunyusa amayeza amachiza ukuba bazame ukufumana ukulawula ngokupheleleyo iimpawu ze-ADHD, xa umgomo mhlawumbi kufuneka ube kukunciphisa ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza esikolweni, nokuphucula ubuhlobo kunye nosapho bahlobo.
Ezinye iingcebiso zokunciphisa imiphumo yecala esuka kumayeza e-ADHD:
- Qala ngeqondo eliphantsi lokuqala lokuqala lemithi.
- Ngaphantsi kwekhokelo lonyango lwakho lwezingane, ukwandisa imithi nganye ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya kubonakala ngathi isebenza kakuhle okanye umntwana wakho uqala ukuba nemiphumo emibi.
- Cinga utshintsho oluthile uhlobo oluthile lweyeza ze-ADHD xa umntwana wakho eqala ukuba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu engasincediswa ngokunciphisa iyeza leyeza. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho uthatha imithi ye-ADHD e-amphetamine, njengeVavse, ngoko unokutshintshela kumachiza e-ADHD aseMathyphenidate (Ritalin) elandelayo.
- Buza udokotela wakho wezilwanyana ukuba umntwana wakho angathatha umthamo wakhe weStrattera ngexesha lokulala ukuba kubangela ukulala okukhulu.
- Khawucinge ngokutya okufutshane okunempilo kunye nokutya okuphezulu kwekhalori ukuba isiphumo sakhe esona siphumelelo sinciphisa ukutya kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo okanye ubunzima obunzima.
- Jonga udokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uhlolisise i-ADHD rhoqo, kwaye ubuncinci kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu, ukubeka esweni intlawulo yengane yomntwana, uxinzelelo lwegazi, nokuphakama kunye nesisindo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhula kakuhle.
- Qonda ukuba awukwazi ukulawula zonke iimpawu ze-ADHD zomntwana wakho ngamachiza, ingakumbi ukuba unemiphumo emibi kwimiba ephezulu. Ukunciphisa nje ubunzima beempawu kunokufuneka ube yinjongo yakho, kudibaniswe neyeza lokuziphatha , mhlawumbi nokuba utshintsho esikolweni.
- Ukuba umntanakho akenzi kakuhle emva kokuzama iimvavanyo ezininzi ze-ADHD kunye namayeza ahlukeneyo, endaweni yokuqhubeka nokuzama i-dosage ephezulu, enokunyusa amathuba emiphumo emibi, cinga ukuba angenayo i-ADHD okanye unokuba ne-disorder disorder, ezifana nokudandatheka okanye ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy yePediatrics. Isikhokelo seNkcazo yokuSebenza: Utyando lwe-Child-Aged Child Ukunyamekela-Ukulahleka / ukuxhatshazwa kwengxaki. PEDIATRICS Vol. 108 No. 4 Oktobha 2001, iphe. 1033-1044.
Umbhalo we-American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Yenza iParamamitha yoVavanyo kunye noPhatho lwaBantwana kunye neNtsholongwane. Umqulu 46, iNdaba 7 (Julayi 2007).