I-Trichotillomania Ukuxilongwa kunye noTyango

by Owen Kelly, PhD

I-Trichotillomania, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-TTM okanye i-trich, yintlupheko apho umntu ochaphazelekayo akrazula ngokuphindaphindiweyo iinwele kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba ngenxa yezizathu ezingekho izimonyo. Ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kwesi sihlandlo, ikwahlula kwiNcwadana yokuSetyenziswa kweNgcaciso kunye neSatistim of Disabilities (DSM-5) njenge- disorder-disulsive disorder disorder .

Iimpawu

Ngokutsho kwe-DSM-5, i-trichotillomania ineempawu ezinhlanu ezihlukeneyo:

Ukuphindaphinda kwakhona kweenwele ezibangelwa ukulahleka kweenwele.
Ingqondo ekhulayo yokuxhatshazwa kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokukrazula iinwele okanye xa uzama ukumelana nokuziphatha.
Ukuzonwabisa, ukunyaniseka, okanye ukukhulula xa ukhupha iinwele.
Ukuphazamiseka akungcono kubangelwa enye ingxaki yengqondo kwaye ayikho ngenxa yesimo sengonyango esibhedlele njenge-alopecia areta.
Ukuphazamiseka kubangela ukukhathazeka okwenkliniki okanye ukuphazamiseka kwintlalo, emsebenzini, okanye kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza.

Ngubani Ofumana iTrochotillomania?

I-Trichotillomania yisifo esingaqhelekanga, esichaphazela ngaphantsi kwe-1% yabemi. I-Trichotillomania inokuchaphazela abantu bonke ubudala; nangona kunjalo, kubonakala kuxhaphake ngakumbi kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo kunabantu abadala. Kwakhona kubonakala ukuba uhlobo lwe-trichotillomania luxhomekeke kwixesha eliqala ngalo.

Abantwana abaselula (abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala)

Kubantwana abancinci kakhulu, i-trichotillomania iye yafaniswa neminye imikhwa efana nokutshiza kwetyana okanye ukubetha kwesikhonkwane. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-5 ubudala badla iinwele zabo ngokungazi okanye nangona balala. Ngendlela efanayo isondlo esilulayo siyeka ngokukhawuleza kubantwana abaninzi, uninzi lwabantwana abaqala ukukrazula iinwele zabo kule minyaka yobudala baya kuziyeka.

I-Preadolescents kunye nabantu abadala

Ixesha eliqhelekileyo le-trichotillomania ukuqala liphakathi kweminyaka eyi-9 ne-13 ubudala. Okuthakazelisayo, uninzi lwabantu (70% ukuya ku-90%) oluchaphazelekayo ne-trichotillomania kule minyaka ibhinqa. Phakathi kwabantu abadinga i-trichotillomania kule minyaka, lesi sifo sihlala singapheli kwendalo. Ukongezelela, aba bantu banamasiko amaninzi anxulumene nokudonsa iinwele, ezifana nokuhlafuna okanye ukuhlambalaza imilomo okanye nokutya kweenwele.

Abadala

I-Trichotillomania eyenzeka ngokokuqala ngqa kubantu abadala ingaba sesibini ukuya kwesinye isifo sengqondo . Ukujongana nesifo esiphezulu sengqondo kunokubangela ukuphela kwe-trichotillomania yesibini.

Ukuxilongwa

Ngenxa yokuba i-trichotillomania ingafana nezinye iimeko zonyango ezinxulumene nokulahleka kweenwele ezifana ne-alopecia areta, ukuxilongwa kwe-trichotillomania idinga ukuba kuhlolwe i-dermatological and psychiatry. Ukufumanisa i-diagnosis ingaba nzima njengoko i-alopecia isata ngokwayo ingabangela i-trichotillomania ngamanye amaxesha. Kubabini nabaselula, ukuxilongwa kwe-trichotillomania kunokunyanzeliswa kukungabikho komntu ukuchazela ukuziphatha kweenwele zakhe.

Unyango

Unyango lwe-trichotillomania luhlala luyinto engadingekile kubantwana abancinci kakhulu njengoko behlala bekhula kulo.

Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abane-adolescence-trichotillomania, unyango lunokuba luyimfuneko, ingakumbi xa kucingelwa ukuba umntu uyadla izinwele zakhe, ezingabangela ukuba i-blockages eyingozi kwindlela yesisu.

Izindlela zokuziphatha ezinokwenkcazo ziye zabonisa indlela efanelekileyo yokuphatha i-trichotillomania. Okuphambili phakathi kwala mkhuba wokuguqula unyango . I-habitat yokuguqulwa kwonyango iquka ukuzongamela ukuziphatha, ukuphucula izicwangciso zokuxinzelela uxinzelelo, ukunyusa ukuxhaswa kwezenhlalakahle nokuphucula unyango .

Okwangoku, kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokuthi imithi efana ne -serotonin sele i-reuptake inhibitors (i-SSRIs) okanye i- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) isebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekuphatheni i-trichotillomania, ngoko i-FDA ayizange yamkele nayiphi na imishanguzo yokuyiphatha.

_Imithombo:

_{Sah, DE, Koo, J., & Price, VH (2008).} _{"ITrochotillomania" I- Dermatologic Therapy 2008 21: 13-21.}

_{Bruce, TO, Barwick, LW, & Wright, HH (2005).} _{"Ukuxilonga kunye noLawulo lweTrochotillomania kwi-Children and Adolescents" Izidakamizwa zonyango 2005 7: 365-376.}

_{http://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/obsessive-compulsive-disorders/managing-trichotillomania-compulsive-hair-pulling/article/432260/}