I-Basics of Habit Reversal Training

Unyango olusebenzayo lwe-Tourette's syndrome

Ukuqeqeshwa kokuguqulwa komzimba yonyango ekwazi ukuphumeza ukuphatha iingxaki ezibangelwa ziziganeko ezininzi. Enye yezi zifo zikaTretrette , ezibonakaliswa ngamathambo angokwenyama okanye omlomo njengokhenkcoza, ukucola umqala, ukuphinda ukuhlaziya.

Abantu abajongene neempawu zengxaki yokulawula umzenzelo ezifana ne- trichotillomania (ukunyusa iinwele) kunye nokukhangela kwesikhumba se-pathological also kungenelwa ekuqeqesheni ukuguqula umkhuba, oqulethwe kwezi zinto ezine eziphambili.

Uqeqesho loQeqesho

Uqeqesho lokuqwashisa lusetyenziselwa ukunikela ingqwalasela enkulu kwiiic kunye nezinye izinto zokuziphatha ukuze umntu ochaphazelekayo angakwazi ukuzithiba ngcono. Uqeqesho lokwazisa luvame ukuqhutywa ngamanani amancinane amanyathelo:

1. Ngethuba ekuzibukeni kwisibuko, umntu uchaza iinkcukacha ngokuthe rhoqo xa eqhuba ukuziphatha okuhambelana nesimo sakhe-ukudonsa iinwele zakhe, umzekelo, okanye ukubhoboza amehlo akhe.
2. Umgqirha uya kubhekisela kumntu nanini na xa eqhuba i-tic okanye ephazamisayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ade umntu akwazi ukubona indlela aziphathe ngayo.
3. Umntu ufunda ukufumanisa isilumkiso sokuqala sokuziphatha okanye ukunyamezela okuza kwenzeka. Ezi zibonakaliso ezilumkiso zingabongoza, iimvakalelo okanye iingcamango.
4. Umntu uchonga zonke iimeko apho kuqhutyelwa khona ukuziphatha okanye ukuziphatha okungachukumisi.

Ukuphuhliswa kwempendulo yokukhuphisana

Xa isigulane siphumelele ukuqonda kakuhle ngesenzo sakhe okanye ukuziphatha okungachukumisiyo isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuphuhlisa impendulo ekhuphisanayo-isenzo esifanele ukutshintshela ukuziphatha okudala okanye ukuziphatha okuphambeneyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, impendulo ekhuphisanayo iyahambelana neyokuziphatha okanye ukuziphatha okungachukumisi kwaye yinto enokuthi iyenze ixesha elide ngaphezu kwemizuzu emibini. Umzekelo, impendulo ekhuphisanayo yokudonsa iinwele ingabhalela ibhola izandla zibe yintonga kwaye ubambelele ngokukhawuleza kunye nomzimba. Omnye obambelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ulwimi lwakhe unokususa umlomo wakhe endaweni yoko.

Olunye umgomo wempendulo ekukhuphisanayo kukuba yinto eyenziwa ngabanye abantu abakwazi ukuyiqonda.

Ukwakha Isizathu

Ukuthintela i-tics kunye nokuziphatha okungachukumisiyo ekubuyeni, abantu abaqhuba ukuqeqeshwa kokuguqula umkhuba bakhuthazwa ukuba benze uluhlu lweengxaki ezibangelwa ukuziphatha kwabo. Abazali kunye nabahlobo banconywa ukuba badumise umntu ngenxa yezinto ezifezekileyo ngoku. Ukongezelela, kunokuhlala kunceda abantu ukuba babonise amandla abo okukhusela ii-tics okanye iimpawu zokuzikhusela kwabanye.

UkuGcwaliswa kweZakhono ezintsha

Kulesi sigaba sonyango, abantu bakhuthazwa ukuba basebenzise izakhono zabo ezitsha kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kungekhona nje kuphela abo baye bakwazi ukukwenza. Ukufunda ukuvala isitifiketi esikhuselekileyo kwiofisi yegqirha yinto enye. Unzima kunzima ukufikelela kwindawo apho kuba lula ukulawula ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo apho kubaluleke kakhulu-kwilizwe langempela: ekhaya, emsebenzini, esikolweni nakwezinye iindawo zoluntu.

_Imithombo:

_{I-Woods, i-DW ne-Miltenberger, i-RG "I-Habit Reversal: Ukuphononongwa kwezicelo kunye noNguquko". Umbhalo woLwazi lweZenzo kunye noPhando lweengqondo kwi-Psychiatry 1995 26: 123-131}