Iingqungquthela ze-Adrenal zihlobo lwe-endocrine gland elineemexantathu kwaye ibekwe phezulu kweentso. Ezi zihlunu zikhulula ama-hormone ezinokuthi zibe nempembelelo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kwaye zinokuchaphazela ukuziphatha.
Ulwakhiwo
Igama elithi adrenal livela kwisiLatini inentsingiselo "kufuphi" kunye noRenes okubhekiselele ekuthi "intso." Iingqungquthela ze-adrenal ziyingxenye yenkqubo ye- endocrine yomzimba eyenziwe yinkqubo yeengqungquthela ezikhupha izithunywa zeekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba ngama-hormone.
Ezi ihommoni ziqhutyelwa ngegazi kwiimveliso kunye namaziko athile.
- Ingxenyana yangaphandle yeentlanzi ze-adrenal iyaziwa njenge- cortex kwaye ikhupha ama-hormone kuquka i-testosterone ne-cortisol.
- Indawo yangaphakathi yeengqungquthela ze-adrenal yaziwa ngokuba yi- medulla kwaye ivelisa i-hormones norepinephrine kunye ne-epinephrine.
Iimiphumo ze-Adrenal Glands
Xa izilonda ze-adrenal zivelisa kakhulu okanye zincinci zehomoni, ukugula kunokubangelwa. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengxaki ze-adrenal ziquka i-Cushing's syndrome kunye nesifo se-Addison.
Amahomoni akhutshwe yingxenyana yangaphandle yeengqungquthela ze-adrenal zinceda ukulawula izinto ezifana ne-immune system kunye ne-metabolism.
Amahomoni akhishwe yi-cortex yangaphakathi yokuphendula ukunyamezeleka komzimba kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yikulwaphulo okanye impendulo yendiza. Xa ubhekene nosongelo, umzimba ukhulula ama-hormone oxinzelelo olungiselela umzimba ukuba uhlale kunye nokujongana nengxaki ("ukulwa") okanye ugweme ingxaki ("indiza").
Ngaba uke wahlala kwimiba apho wayethusa kakhulu? Intliziyo yakho kunye nokuphefumla mhlawumbi wabuyela xa usuhluthe intliziyo kwaye ukulungele ukuthatha isenzo. Yimpendulo yomzimba kwi-hormone yokucindezeleka epinephrine. Ngokubeka umzimba wakho uqaphile, ulungele ulungele ukuthatha inyathelo okanye ubalekele kwingozi xa kuyimfuneko.
Kwaziwa nangokuthi : I- Suprarenal glands, "Iinqayi zeentso"