I-antipyychotics ye-Atypical ivame ukuba nempembelelo enemiphumo engaphantsi
Zonke iipilisi zokulwa ne-antipsychotic-kungakhathaliseki ukuba zithathwa njengento eqhelekileyo okanye i-atypical-zenzelwe ukunyanga kwengqondo. I-Psychosis ibhekisela kwimpawu zengqondo apho iingcinga ziphazamiseka ngendlela umntu alahlekelwa ngayo. Ezi zimpawu zingabandakanywa izilungiso (njengezandi zokuvakala), iingcamango zengqondo kunye nokukhohliswa (iinkolelo zobuxoki).
Kukho imeko ezininzi zonyango kwakunye neengxaki zengqondo ezingabangela ukuba usengqondweni. Iimpawu zengqondo zingenzeka ngezifo ezinjenge- schizophrenia okanye i- bipolar disorder , okanye iimeko zonyango ezifana nokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu.
Amayeza asetyenziswa ukuphatha i-psychosis-eyenzeka kwiimeko ezifana ne-bipolar disorder kunye ne-schizophrenia-kuthiwa yi-antipsychotics. I-Antipsychotics yahlula ngamaqela amabini: "i-antipsychotics" kunye "ne-antipsychotics ye-atypical".
Uhlobo oluphambene neAtypical Antipsychotics
Umdala, izidakamizwa zokuqala zezidakamizwa zibizwa ngokuthi "izidakamizwa zokulwa ne -antipsychotics " kwaye izilwanyana ezitsha, izilwanyana zesibini, zineengxaki ezahlukeneyo zamakhemikhali, zibhekwa "njengama-atypical".
I-antipyychotics ye-Atypical nayo ineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo xa kuthelekiswa nama-antipsychotics asekudala. Zombili zi-antipsychotics eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-atypical ziyi-antophine, zithetha ukuba zivimba i-dopamine kwingqondo, nangona le nyathelo ixhomekeke kwixesha elidlulileyo kwi-anti-depressants inypical.
I-antipressing atypical ikhusela i-serotonin. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-antipsychotics ye-atypical iphumelele kakhulu kwaye ibe nemiphumo embalwa yecala, ingakumbi xa ifikeleleka kwi-muscular rigidity (Parkinsonism) kunye nokunyakaza okungazibandakanyeki (i- tardive dyskinesia ) eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-antipsychotics eziqhelekileyo.
Antipsychotics eziqhelekileyo zeAtypical
Kukho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-antipsychotics.
Ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo zokulwa ne-antipsychotics ziquka:
I-Abilify (igama eliqhelekileyo: i-aripiprazole) : I- Abilify ivunyiwe yi-US Food and Drug Administration ukuphatha i-bipolar I-disorder kule minyaka eyi-10 nangaphezulu, kunye ne-schizophrenia kulabo abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-13. Xa kunqunywe ukukhubazeka kwe-bipolar, i-Abilify isetyenziswe ngexesha leempawu zeempawu kwaye zidla ngokumiselwa ngenye imvakalelo yesigxina. I-Abilify ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezinye iimeko, ezinjengeengxabano kubantwana abane-disism disorder disorder. Kukho ezimbini izibhengezo zebhokisi ezimnyama kunye ne-Abilify njengoko idibaniswa nokunyuka kwezinga labantu ababadala abanengqondo yengxaki yokugula ngengqondo, kwaye xa kudibaniswa ne-anti-depressants, kunokunyusa ingozi yokuzibulala kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana.
I-Clozaril (igama eliqhelekileyo: i-clozapine): I- Clozaril isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-schizophrenia enganyangekiyo. Ayivunyelwanga ukunyangwa kweengxaki ze-bipolar, kodwa uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba lunempumelelo kwi-bipolar mania. Unemibhozo emihlanu ebalulekileyo ebhokisini ebomnyama , kubandakanywa umngcipheko wee-cell white counts, i-seizures, i-heart inflammation kunye nokuphazamiseka (ngenxa yokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi xa ikhuphuka) kunye neengozi yokufa kwabantu kwizigulane ezigugile.
I-Geodon (igama eliqhelekileyo: i-ziprasidone ): I- Geodon ivunyelwe ukuba i-schizophrenia kunye ne-bipolar disorder, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa zombini iimpawu ezinzima kunye nokuphathwa okungapheliyo. Isilwayo sinokunikela ingcipheko encinci yokufumana ubunzima ngaphezu kwamanye ama-antipsychotics atypical, ngelixa isebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukulawula iimpawu. Abantu abangama-1 kwabangama-4000 banokuhlakulela intliziyo ye-arrhythmia kumayeza kwaye akufanele isetyenziswe ngabantu abane-QT syndrome, abanesifo senhliziyo okanye ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo, okanye abo banesimo sengqondo esingavamile.
Invega (igama eliqhelekileyo: paliperidone ): i- Invega i-FDA-avunyelwe ukunyanga i-schizophrenia kubantu abadala nakwiintsholongwane kunye neengxaki zesifo schizoaffective kubantu abadala.
Nguye kuphela umlomo we-antipsychotic ovunyelwe ukuphatha i-schizoaffective disorder. Amachiza afumaneka njengama-injections kwinyanga enye kunye neenyanga ezintathu. La mayeza aphethe isilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama ngokuphathelele ukwanda kwengozi yokufa kwizigulane ezigugile.
I-Risperdal (igama eliqhelekileyo: risperidone ): Risperdal ivunyiwe ukuphatha ingxaki ye-bipolar, i-schizophrenia, kunye nokucasula kubantwana kwi-autism. Itholakala ngomlomo nakwifomu elingenayo. Ifomu ejoyiweyo ihlala iiveki ezimbini.
I-Seroquel (igama eliqhelekileyo: i-quetiapine ): I- Seroquel ivunyelwe ukuphatha ingxaki ye-bipolar, i-schizophrenia, kunye nokuxinezeleka (kunye kunye ne-anti-depressants). Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa kwezinye iimeko, ezifana nokulala, kodwa kubhekwe "kwileyile" ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. I-Seroquel inokuthi ibangele ubuthongo, xa kuthelekiswa namanye ama-antipsychotics atypical.
I-Symbyax : I- Symbyax inhlanganisela ye-olanzapine (iZyprexa), i-antipsychotic ye-atypical, kunye ne-fluoxetine (Prozac), i-anti-depressant. I-Symbyax isetyenziselwa ukuphatha uxinzelelo olubangelwa yi-bipolar disorder kwakunye nokudandatheka okunganyangekiyo unyango. Njengokuba kunamanye amayeza ahlukumezayo, i-Symbyax inokunyusa ingozi yokuzibulala nokuziphatha kwabantwana, abaselula kunye nabaselula.
Zyprexa (igama eliqhelekileyo: i-olanzapine ): I- Zyprexa ivunyiwe kulabo abanesifo sengqondo sokugula kunye ne-schizophrenia, abaneminyaka engama-13 okanye ngaphezulu. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanzelwa kwengcinezelo. Ukuzuza inzuzo kuyimpembelelo yecala eliqhelekileyo likaZyprexa, ngakumbi kulutsha.