Ezi ziyobisi azisebenzisi ngokubanzi njengokuba zazikho
Iibhakethi ziyiklasi yeziyobisi ezivela kwi-barbituric acid ezisebenza njengengcinezelo kwinkqubo yesantya . Ezi zi yobisi zisetyenziswa njengezidalwa zendalo okanye i-anesthetics kwaye zinokukwazi ukulutha. Ziyinkathazo kuba akukho zonyango ezintle zokuguqula ukugqithisa kwe-barbiturate overdose.
Ukusetyenziswa kweprayimari kwinqanaba le-21 kuye kwaba yicala lokuzibulala ngogqirha (kwimeko apho iinkqubo ezinjalo zomthetho).
Imbali yeBarbiturates
Umcwaningi waseJamani u-Adolph von Baeyer wayengowokuqala wokwenza i-acibitric acid. I-Barbital (iVeralal) yayingumngcwabo wokuqala kwaye yayisetyenziswa kwiinjongo zonyango ngo-1903. Izibhambano zazihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuphazamiseka, ukuxhalaba kunye nokulala, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwazo ukunyanga iimpawu ezinjalo zahluleka ngenxa yengozi yokugqithisa nokugqithisa.
Ingqungquthela yokuba igama lezonyango livela kumhla u-Baeyer kunye nabalingane bakhe bafumanisa: Kubonakala ukuba baye baya kubhiyozela abo bafumana kwi-tavern ngosuku lomthendeleko waseSt. Barbara.
Ii-Benzodiazepines ziye zatshintsha iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwiindawo ezininzi zonyango.
Iimpembelelo zeBarbiturates
Izenzo ze-pharmacological ze-barbiturates ziquka ukucindezeleka kwentsholongwane emzimbeni, ngokugqithisileyo kunye nangamahlunu. Ezi zi yobisi zichaphazela i-CNS kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye zivelise iziphumo ezivela kwi-sedation epholileyo ukuya kwi-coma kuxhomekeke kumyinge.
Ukunyuka kwamazinga okugqithisa kunganciphisa amanqanaba okuxhalaba kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ngelixa iqondo eliphezulu liyanciphisa izinga lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
Iibhajethi zinemiqobo enzima, kuquka:
- Ukusebenzisana okunobungozi kunye nezinye iziyobisi
- Ukungabi nokhuseleko kunye nokukhetha
- Ukuthambekela kokudala ukuxhomekeka, ukunyamezela, ukuxhatshazwa, nokuhoxiswa
- Ukungabi nonyango olusebenzayo malunga nokugqithisa
Imizekelo yeBharbiturates
- I-Amobarbital: Ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuthi "i-sodium amytal," le barbiturate yafumana idumela njengenyaniso ye-serum ekubeni iphumelele xa inikezelwa kwizifundo ezithile ngexesha lophando. Nangona ingabanyanzelisi abantu ukuba bathethe inyaniso, i-amobarbital inganciphisa inkqubo ye-nervous central ukuze i-concentration ibe nzima. Inkolelo yayikuthi umntu wabuza umbuzo ngelixa echaphazela i-amobarbital ayinakukwazi ukucinga ngempendulo yamanga, efuna ukugxininisa ngakumbi kunokuba uthethe inyaniso.
- I-Butalbital: le barbiturate elifutshane eliqhelekileyo yayisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-migraine ikhanda, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne-acetaminophen, i-aspirin kunye ne-caffeine. Kwathengiswa phantsi kwegama legama le-Fiorinal ne-Fioricet. Kwakhona isetyenziswe njengento yokukhusela kunye ne-anesthetic. Kwathengiswa phantsi kwegama legama le-Fiorinal ne-Fioricet. Kwakhona isetyenziswe njengento yokukhusela kunye ne-anesthetic.
- I-Phenobarbital: Le barbiturate yayisetyenziselwa ukuphazamiseka kwabantwana abancinci, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo njenge-anticonvulsant. Kwakhona kusetyenziswe ukunyanga uxhalaba, ukuhoxiswa kweziyobisi (ngokukodwa kwezinye iibhajidi) kunye ne-sleep aid.
- I-Secobarbital: Ithengiswa e-US njenge-Seconal ekuqaleni ngo-1934, le nkunkuma yayiyinkxaso yokulala ebuninzi. Isilwanyana esisetyenzisiweyo kunabo abaxhaswa ngunyango e-US
- I-Pentobarbital: Isetyenziswe njenge-anesthetic kwizilwanyana, eli liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokudibanisa kunobumba obunzima bokuba yinye yezilwanyana ezikhethiweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukubulawa kwelizwe e-US
Iingcali ezininzi zeengqondo: I-Psychology Dictionary
> Imithombo:
> Ilangaratne, NB; Mannakkara, NN; Bell, GS; Sander, JW "I-Phenobarbital: ilahlekile kwisenzo." . I-Bulletin ye-World Health Organization . Disemba 2012
> Maiser >, S., et al "I-Hospice kunye neNkcazo yokuNakekelwa kweNtsholongwane kaNgcaliyo malunga nokuSebenziselwa kwePalliative Sedation," I- Journal of Medicine Palliative Meyi 2017