Yeliphi Ixesha Eliyasetyenziswa Ngomqulu We-4 we-DSM
Kwiphepha lesine leNgcaciso yeSifo kunye neSatistim of Disabilities (DSM-IV), ebhaliweyo kwaye yanyulwa yi-American Psychiatric Association (APA), "NOS" isicatshulwa esithi "kungenjalo kuchaziwe." Isebenza njengehlobo lokubamba-lonke ixesha lokubhala iimpawu ezingahambi kakuhle kwi-diagnostic echazwe kakuhle, kodwa oko kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba umntu ujongene nesifo esiyinxalenye yentsapho ethile yokuxilongwa.
Umzekelo wale "yiNgcalazi yeDisorder NOS." Ugqirha osebenzisa i-DSM-IV ukuxilonga isigulane unokukhetha ukonga ukuba umntu uyaxilongwa ngale ndlela kuba nangona kwakucacile ukuba iimpawu zakhe zibonisa ukuba wayejongene nohlobo oluthile lokudakumba (kunokuba, uthi, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo okanye ukukhathazeka ngengxaki ), kwakungenalo ulwazi olwaneleyo kwikhaya elithile uhlobo lokudakumba, njengokwenza i- dysthymia okanye i-bipolar disorder.
Kutheni i-"NOS" ayisetyenzisiwe
Ngomhla ka-Meyi 2013, i-APA yashicilele inguqulo ehlaziyiweyo ye-DSM-IV. Kwi-DSM-5 (inqaku lokuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanani eRoma kuye kwachithwa kwisihloko sencwadana), abalobi banquma ukuphelisa "ngaphandle kokuchazwa" kwaye bayifake esikhundleni (kunye ne "NOS") kunye "nezinye ezichaziweyo" kunye "ezingachazwanga "ukubonisa iqoqo leempawu ezingahambelani ngokufanelekileyo kwenye indawo ekhoyo.
Kutheni imigaqo emibini ithathe indawo enye? Ukwahlukana kusekelwe ekubeni ngaba ugqirha wokuxilonga ukhetha ukubonisa ukuba kutheni ukuba i-criteria yokuxilonga ayifumanekanga.
Umzekelo "othe wachazwa" unokuba sisiqhelo esichukumisayo esingenayo inani elipheleleyo leempawu ukuhlangabezana nokufunyaniswa ngokusemthethweni.
Ngokwahlukileyo, "engacacisiwe" ingasetyenziselwa imeko apho kungekho ulwazi olwaneleyo lokwenza ukuxilongwa ngokuthe ngqo. Ngokutsho kwe-APA, "engacacisiwe" ivumela oogqirha ukuba banike izigulane unonophelo olungcono kakhulu, ngokomzekelo, imeko zengxakeko xa kungekho xesha lokufumana yonke inkcazelo efunekayo ukwenzela ukuxilongwa, kodwa unyango luyafuneka.
Ileta "engacacisiwe" iya kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abe yinto ecacileyo ngokusemandleni ekuxilongwa kwakhe ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuba isigulane sihlangabezana neendlela ezipheleleyo zokuxilongwa.
Ukwenza Ukwazi ukufumana izinto ezingakumbi
Ukutshintshwa "I-NOS" kuletha i-DSM-5 ngaphezulu ngokuhambelanayo neHlabathi leMpilo yeSizwe yeZifo (ICD). Esi sixhobo sokuxilonga "sisiseko sokuchongwa kwemimiselo yezempilo kunye neenkcukacha zehlabathi jikelele kunye nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe okuzisa izifo kunye neemeko zempilo. Yiyo imilinganiselo yokuhlengahlengiswa kwazo zonke iinjongo zonyango kunye nophando," ngokwewebhusayithi yeWorld Health Organization. I-ICD idinga iikhowudi ezinyanzelisayo zeziphazamiso ezingahambelani ngokucacileyo iinkcazo zangoku zeengxaki ezinkulu.
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. Imibuzo ebuzwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo malunga ne-DSM-5 Implementation-KwiiKlinikhi. " UMbutho we-Psychiatric Association we-DSM-5 Development . Oktobha 7, 2014.
URoger Peele, uGustavo Goldstein kunye noRaymond Crowel. "I-DSM-5: Iya kuthetha ntoni kwizenzo zakho?" Ixesha leengqondo . UBM Medica, LLC. Oktobha 10, 2013.