Ukuqiniswa kwemizwa yintloko yekliniki yonyango
Ukuba unentsholongwane ye-bipolar , unyango luya kuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yimiqathango yonyango kunye neyeza, ukhetho lokuphila ngendlela enempilo kunye nezinye izicwangciso zokuphatha. Ukuqiniswa kwemizimba yile yeyodwa imishanguzo ebalulekileyo yokunyangwa kwengxaki ye-bipolar, kwaye mhlawumbi iya kunikwa. Ezi zonyango zilawula ukugqithisa okugqithiseleyo kunye neengxaki ze-bipolar, ikakhulukazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-mania kunye ne-hypomania, kodwa ezinye izimo ezizinzileyo zineempembelelo ezixinzelelekayo.
Iimpawu zokuzinza
I-lithium yayiyi-stabilizer yokuqala yokusetyenziswa kwemiba esetyenziswa ekuphatheni i-bipolar disorder kwaye isasetyenziswa nanamhlanje. Imithi ye-Anticonvulsant, eyayisetyenziselwa ukuphatha ingxaki yokuthintela ekugqibeleni kwaye ekugqibeleni ifumene ukunceda ukuzinza, kusetshenziselwa le njongo. Amanye amayeza, afana ne- calcium-channel blockers , i-benzodiazepines, kunye ne- orpsychotics nabo baneempembelelo zengqondo ezizinzileyo kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukuphathwa ngengxaki ye-bipolar.
I-lithimu: I-Stabilizer yokuqala ye-Mood
I-lithium yinkqubo ephezulu kakhulu yokunyanga kokubili i- mania kunye ne- hypomania kwaye ine-effects of antidepressant. Nangona kungumntu omdala kakhulu ozinzileyo, usengumlinganiselo wesigxina kwi-arsenal yezokwelapha ekuphatheni iimpawu ezibangelwa yi-bipolar. Namhlanje, i-lithium ihlala yodwa imishanguzo eyavunywa kuqala kwi-bipolar disorder, kunokuba iphuhliswe kwezinye iimeko okanye iimpawu kwaye kamva ifunyenwe ukuba isebenze njenge-stabilizer.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhetha ukubeka i-lithium, kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nokuhlolwa kwegazi rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinqanaba lakho legazi le-lithium ziseburhulumenteni, njengoko amanqanaba aphakamileyo ayenokuba yingozi.
I-lithium iqhutywe yizintso, ngoko kuya kufuneka ukuba iinqwelo zakho zeengso zihlolwe ngethuba ngeli thuba. Ukongezelela, ukukhulelwa kwamanzi kungabangela ukuba amazinga egazi le-lithium avuke, ngoko qi niseka ukuba uphuze amanzi okwaneleyo ngelixa i-lithium.
Anticonvulsants
I-Anticonvulsants iboniswa ukukhupha iimpawu ze-mania.
Kwakhona babiza izidakamizwa ezichasayo, njengoko zaphuhliswa ukuze zithinte ukuphazamiseka kwezigulane. I-anticonvulsant esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngengxaki yokuguquguquka kwe-bipolar ibizwa ngokuthi i-Depakote (i-valproic acid). Abantu abangenako ukunyamezela i-lithium, okanye abanokukhubazeka ngokukhawuleza ngebhasilar, bavame ukwenza kakuhle ngale mayeza.
Antipsychotics
Iingqungquthela eziphambili ze-mania zibangelwa ingqondo yengqondo kwizinto ezininzi ezingamashumi amabini anesithathu kwalabo abaneengxaki zokugula ngengqondo. Kule bantu, i-antipsychotics isetyenziswa rhoqo. Ziye zisoloko zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-mania de i-mood stabilizers, ezifana ne-lithium okanye i-valproate, inokuthatha isiphumo esipheleleyo. Kwamanye abantu, la mayeza angasetyenziswa ixesha elide. Iindiza zokulwa ne-antipsychotics , isizukulwana esitsha se-antipsychotics, sineendawo ezixinzelelekayo.
Blockers Channel
Kukho ubungqina bokuba abathile be- calcium channel blockers , esetyenziselwa ukuphatha uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iintliziyo ezingenanto kunye nezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, ziyasebenza njengento yokuzinza. Ngenxa yokuba banemiphumo embalwa yecala kune-lithium kunye ne-anticonvulsants, banokukhetha abantu abangenako ukunyamezela loo mayeza.
Nangona kunjalo, i-block block ye-calcium kufuneka ithathwe kumaqondo aphezulu kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuya kumaxesha angama-4-6 rhoqo imihla ngemihla, ukuze iphumelele kwi-disorder bipolar.
Zingaba zingasebenzi ngaphantsi kweemithi zokuqala ezilapha ngasentla.
Benzodiazepines
Izidakamizwa ezixhatshazwayo kwi-class ebizwa ngokuba yi- benzodiazepines ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ngokukhawuleza iimpawu zomntu njengokuba isimo sengqondo esilungeleleneyo sithatha kancinci. I-benzodiazepines yinkqubo yesantya ye-nervous (CNS) kunye neendlela zokuzimela ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa ubuthongo, ukukhulula ukuxhalaba kunye nokuxhamla imisipha, nokuthintela ukuthintela. Zingasetyenziselwa ukukunceda ukubuyisela ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokulala.
Amayeza athathe ixesha lokusebenza
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezininzi zala mayeza, ngaphandle kwe-benzodiazepines ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha inyanga enye ukuba isebenze ngokupheleleyo.
Njengoko ulinde amayeza akho ukukhaba, unyango, ukuzivocavoca, ishedyuli esiqinileyo yokulala, inethiwekhi encedisayo yentlalo kunye nokutya okunempilo konke kunokukwenza umehluko omkhulu kwindlela ozizwa ngayo.
I-Rapid Cycling I-Bipolar Disorder
Ukuba uhamba ngebhayisikili ngokukhawuleza, oku kuthetha ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane bemiqolo yeemeko zonyaka, kunokuthabatha iilingo kunye nempazamo ngakumbi ukufumana imishanguzo efanelekileyo yokuzinzisa iimpawu zakho. Zama ukunyamezela kwaye unike ixesha uze ufumane inhlanganisela efanelekileyo.
Imithombo:
ISiko leSizwe seMpilo yengqondo
UMarcelle Mostert, MD kunye noSteven L. Dubovsky, MD. Xa unyango lwe-bipolar ludlulayo: Liliphi isinyathelo esilandelayo? Psychiatry yangoku . Vol. 7, uNombolo 1 / Januwari 2008.