I-Comactent yangempela ye-Genetic ayichongwe
Utywala lubonakala lusebenza kwezinye iintsapho. Ngaba kukho ubungqina benzululwazi ukuba i-genes yakho ingakunceda ukuba ube ngumnxila xa ngabazali okanye oogogo bakho? Nangona uphando oluninzi lwenziwe kwaye iingcali ziyavuma ukuba kukho ulwalamano oluthile, i-genetics ayiyona nto yodwa kwaye asiyazi kakuhle impembelelo epheleleyo ekunxilweni kotywala.
Ngaba Utywala Lubungcwele?
Kukhona umzimba okhulayo wobungqina besayensi ukuba utywala buyingxenye yofuzo. Imfuza eyona nto ingabangela ukuba ingaqatshelwa. Ngokufanayo, uphando lwezilwanyana zasebhoratri kwakunye nezifundo zokuvavanywa kwabantu zibonisa ukuba izinto zokuzalwa zendalo zidlala indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni utywala. Kwenzeka nje ukuba lukhulu kangakanani umbandela, luhlala lungagqitywanga.
Ngokwe-American Academy ye-Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, abantwana bezonxila banamathuba amane ngaphezu koonyana abathile ukuba babe izidakwa. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezinokusingqongileyo zingabangela ukuba kukho ezininzi kwiimeko.
I-Component Genetic
Iintsapho, iimbini, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwamanye amazwe ziye zabonisa ukuba utywala ngokuqinisekileyo unomzimba wobomi. Ngo-1990, i-Blum et al. cetywayo umbutho phakathi kwe-A1 allele ye-DRD2 kunye notywala. Umdla we-DRD2 ngowomdla wokuqala wokuqala obonakalisa isithembiso sobudlelwane notywala (Gordis et al., 1990).
Uphando lwaseSweden lwalulandela ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngamawele awamkelwa njengabantwana aze ahlukane. Isiganeko sokutywala utywala sasiphakamileyo kakhulu kubantu ababetywe ngotywala ngaphandle kuphela kweentsapho zabo zokuthobela. Nangona kunjalo, kwaphakanyiswa ngokukodwa phakathi kwamawele abo booyise bezilwanyana ezinxilisayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba khona kotywala kwimizalwane yabo yokwamkela.
Uphando olulandelayo lwezofuzo luye lwazama ukucacisa iinjenge eziphilayo ezichaphazelekayo, kodwa akukho nto ivelise iziphumo ezigqibeleleyo. Kuye kwafunyanwa inani lezeshijethi ezidlala umdlalo kwiimeko eziyingozi ezibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala okanye ukuxhomekeka. Abanye banxulumene ngqo kwaye abanye banempembelelo ngqo.
Iintlobo zeFruit Fly
Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia eSan Francisco (i-UCSF) basebenzisa izimpukane zezityalo ukufumana izizathu zokuzalwa kotywala . Ngokutsho kwezenzululwazi, izidakamizwa ezidakwa i-drosophila zihamba ngendlela efanayo abantu besenza xa betywala. Ukongeza, isiqhamo sokutshatyalaliswa kotywala kubonakala silawulwa yindlela efanayo yamathambo njengabantu.
UHugo Bellen, umfuzo wezofuzo e-Baylor College of Medicine e-Houston, eTexas, uthe isifundo "sibeka isiseko somsebenzi wokuvelisa i-dissecting acute, kwaye mhlawumbi isifo esingapheliyo, isiphumo" sotywala kubantu .
Ukuvelisa i-Genetically Sensitive to Alcohol
Kwesinye isifundo, izazinzulu zikhethile ngokukhethekileyo iintlobo ezimbini zamagundane: ezo ezingenayo i-alcohol sensitive to alcoholic, kunye nezo zibuhlungu kakhulu. Iintlobo ezimbini zibonisa ukuziphatha okungafaniyo xa zibonakaliswe kwixabiso elifanayo lotywala.
Iimvumi ezibucayi zivame ukulahlekelwa izibilini zazo kwaye zigqithise ngokukhawuleza, zizuze isiteketiso "abalala ixesha elide." "Abancinci abancinci" bayimicebe engabonakaliyo ngokunyanisekileyo kotywala. Kubonakala belahlekelwa ubuncinane kunye nokunyamezela utywala ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba baphume.
Umngcipheko we-Genetic, Not Destiny
" Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kubangelwa kukudibanisa kwendalo kunye nemfuyo," kusho uGene Erwin, uF.D., uprofesa wezesayensi yezobisi kwiCU School of Pharmacy, "Olu pho nonongo lubonise ukuba izinto eziphilayo zidlala indima enkulu, kwaye Ndizama ukuqonda amandla aloo mfuzo. "
Ukuba ukutywala utywala kunokulandelwa kumntu othile okanye ukudibanisa kwamajethi, unokwenziwa njani ulwazi?
"Ugqirha u-Enoch Gordis, umlawuli weSizwe soButhixo malunga nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunye noTywala. Wongezelela ukuba uphando lunokukunceda ekuboneni abatsha abasengozini yokuba yizidyobisi kwaye kunokukhokelela kwimigudu yokukhusela kwangaphambili.
Oko kuthetha ukuthini ngamalungu entsapho obunxilisayo kukuba awuyi kusebenzisa kakubi utywala ngokwakho. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zakho zokuphuhlisa ukuxhomekeka kukuphezulu kunabanye.
Iimvelaphi zenza i-half-risk risk of alcoholism. Izinto ezifana nommandla wakho kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukujongana neemeko ezinokubangela ukuxhomekeka kubaluleke kakhulu. Le nto yinto esinokuhlala siyikhumbula ngayo njengoko siqhubeka nokuhlakulela ukuqonda utywala ngobuntu.
> Umthombo:
> Mayfield RD, Harris RA, Schuckit MA. Izifo ze-Genetic ezichaphazela ukuxhomekeka kotywala. BR J Pharmacol. 2008; 154 (2): 275-287. i-doi: 10.1038 / bjp.2008.88.
> ISiko leSizwe malunga nokuTywala noTywala. I-Genetics yoLwabiwo lweMihlaba yoTywala.