Ubuchopho 'Abaqashiweyo' Ezinye iiprojekthi zokuNcedisa ukwenza imisebenzi
Nangona ubuninzi bomonakalo obuninzi bokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala bubangela ukuba ingqondo iqala ukutshintsha emva kokuba utywala unqabe ukusela, ezinye iingxaki ezingenakucatshulwa ziqhubeka nangemva kokuyeka ixesha elide.
Olunye uphando luye lwafumanisa ukuba nakwezinye izakhono zokuqhuba izidakamizwa ezidlulileyo zihlala ixesha elide emva kokuba utywala unqabile. Kodwa, iindaba ezingalindelekanga kukho ubungqina bokuba ingqondo izama ukuhlawula loo monakalo ngokusebenzisa ezinye iindawo zengqondo ukwenza loo misebenzi.
Ukusebenzisa i-imagination magontic resonance imaging (fMRI), izazinzulu ziye zakwazi ukugcina indawo yengqondo ngexesha lomsebenzi olula kwaye zifumene ukuba ubuchopho bubonakala "bufuna" ezinye iindawo ezingalindelekanga ukuhlawula umonakalo obangelwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala.
Iingingqi zeBongo eziMonakalo kwiNxila
Izifundo ezivela kwi-neuropathological studies ukuba iingxenye ezimbini zobuchopho ezisoloko ziwonakaliswe kwizidakwa ezinxilisayo ziyi-cerebellum kunye ne-front lobes, "watsho uPeter R. Martin, uprofesa weengqondo kunye ne-pharmacology, umlawuli we-Vanderbilt Addiction Centre Isikolo seYunivesithi yaseVanderbilt, kunye nomlobi ohambelana nesifundo. "Umsebenzi ohamba ngokukhawuleza wemoto njengento yokubhoba ngomunwe ngumsebenzi we-motor cortex, inxalenye engaphantsi kwe-lobe yangaphambili, eqalise ukuvuselela izihlunu zesandla, oko kuququzelelwe ngongoma phakathi kwe-cerebellum kunye lobes.
Ngamanye amazwi, ndacinga ukuba kuya kwenzeka ukuba kubekho ukungaqhelekanga ekusebenziseni le mimandla kwizidakwa ngexesha lokubetha komunwe. "
Ukuhlola umsebenzi weBongo
UMartin kunye noogxa baqaphela amaqela amabini aphantsi kwe-FMRI ngelixa eqhuba ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuzenzekelayo, ukutshintshana phakathi kwezandla zabo eziphambili nezingenanto.
Amaqela anesibhozo (i-7 yindoda, ibhinqa eli-1) izigulane ezixhomekeke kutywala emva kweentsuku ezimbini zokuziyeka; kunye nesithoba (abafazi abangama-7, abesilisa ababini) amavolontiya anempilo okanye ulawulo.
Ukusebenzisa ubuninzi beBrain
Njengoko kulindelwe, izigulane ezixhomekeke kutywala-zilahla zenza imisebenzi yokunqongophala ngomnwe kakhulu kunokuba ulawulo.
Ngokuchasene nokulindela, ukubhobhoza okuthe ngcipheko kwakungahambisani ne-fMRI esebenzayo ekusebenziseni ubuchopho kwi-cortex ye-cerebral kunye ne-cerebellum; kunoko, izidakwa zinobuninzi obuninzi bokusebenza kwendawo yengqondo yengqungquthela ephezulu (kwicala elinye) njengento esebenzayo ngexesha lokubamba ngesandla.
Ngamanye amazwi, abaphandi bafumene, abadakwa kufuneka basebenzise ubuninzi babo bobuchopho ukuba benze okungaphantsi.
"Okokuqala, safumanisa ukuba izidakwa , ngokuqhelekileyo zithetha, zithinteka ngokungekho kakuhle," kutsho uMartin. "Okwesibini, ukuze uvelise umbhobho omnye, utywala uza kuvula inxalenye enkulu yengqondo yakhe kunomntu oqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, iziphumo zibonakala zibonisa ukuba nangona utywala, njengoko baphinda baphuze ekusela, bangabonisa ukuba , kufuneka basebenzise ubuninzi bobuchopho babo ukuba benze iipompo. "
"Olu pho nonongo lubonisa ukubaluleka kokuqwalasela ukusebenza kweesekethe zesekethe ezibandakanyeka nangona umsebenzi olula kakhulu," watsho u-Edith Sullivan, uprofesa onxulumene nokugula ngengqondo kwiSyunivesithi yeSyunivesithi yaseStanford.
"Ngaphezu koko, ubungqina bokubanjwa kweengingqi zengqondo ezingabandakanyekanga kumsebenzi owenziwe zibeka umntu engozini yokwenza umsebenzi ongenakulungelelo msebenzi othile, eminye imisebenzi efuna ukuba yenziwe ngokukodwa, kunye nemisebenzi ejongene nocalulo olubanzi, njengoko ukuqhuba. "
Umsebenzi ophezulu weBrain
Umsebenzi owandisiweyo kwingingqi ye-cortical ye-cortical yengqondo yayingalindelekanga, watsho uMartin.
Wathi, "xa ndibetha ngesandla sam sokunene," ngokuyininzi i-motor motor cortex (inxalenye ye-lobe yangaphambili) edubulayo, ngokubambisana ne-cerebellum yam. "Ipsi 'ithetha icala elinye, lithetha icala.
Ngoko, sithetha nge-cortex yam kunye ne-cerebellum yam. Umsebenzi ophakamileyo kakhulu owamfumana kwiidrowax e-cortex, ihlangothi esingaqhelekanga ukuba lisebenze.
"Oku kufunyaniswayo kuyahambelana nombono wokuthi imimandla eyahlukeneyo yengqondo ibizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi ongeke usebenze ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuziphatha. Ngaphezulu, oku kubonisa ukuba nangona utywala ngamanqanaba athile ubonakala ngathi wenza ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba ukhulise isantya sobunzima apho bacelwa ukuba benze, banokukhupha amandla abo - kunokungabi nakubomi bokungenisa, ukufumana, ukuhlawula. "
Ubuchopho bufumana ngcono xa kuhlawulwa
Ezi ziphumo zikhokelela kwimibandela emitsha, uthe uMartin. "Ukuba sifunda izigulane njengoko ziqhubela phambili kunye nokuziyeka , ngaba ezi ziqhelo ziba ngcono? Kungenzeka ukuba ubuchopho buba bhetele ekuhlawuleleni, kodwa aluqhelekanga, lufunda nje indlela yokungenisa, ngakumbi, iindawo Ubungatsho ukuthi ufunde ukubuyisela ngokwawo.
Enye inokwenzeka ukuba ukuba ingqondo iyaphilisa, kufuneka kusebenze kancinci, kwaye yindlela yokwenene yokuphucula. Izimpendulo zihlala ziqondwa kungekhona ukuzithela ngokwazo, kodwa iindlela zokuphepha. "
Imithombo:
IiPaki, MH, et al. Ukusebenza kweBMRI Ubunjenge-Self-Paced Ping Tapping kwi-Chronicle-Ally-Patient patient ". Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye novavanyo ngo- Apreli 2003