Ukwenza ubuhlobo obusondeleyo nabanye
Ulwalamano olusondeleyo kunye nokuzihlukanisa liyingxenye yesithandathu yeengcamango zikaErik Erikson zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo . Eli nqanaba lwenzeka ngexesha lomdala osemdala phakathi kweminyaka engama-19 no-40. Ngeli xesha, imbambano enkulu ibandakanya ukudala ubudlelwane obusondeleyo, nothando nabanye abantu.
Ukuqonda i-Psychosocial Development Theory
Ingcamango ka-Erikson yokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yophuhliso iphakamisa ukuba abantu badlule uluhlu lwamanyathelo axhomekeke ekuphuculweni kwentlalo kunye nomoya.
Kwinqanaba ngalinye ebomini bomntu, ubhekane nengxabano yentuthuko ekufuneka isombulule. Abantu abanqoba ezi ngxabano banako ukufezekisa izakhono zengqondo ezigqityileyo ekugqibeleni bonke ubomi bomntu. Abo bahluleka ukuqonda le mingeni baya kuqhubeka bekulwela.
Enye into eyenza inkolelo ye-Erikson yodwa yinto yokuba ngokungafani nezinye iimbono zentuthuko, izigaba zengqondo zijonga indlela abantu batshintsha ngayo kwaye bakhule ngaphezu kwexesha lobomi bonke.
Ingqwalasela ye-Intimacy Versus Isolation Stage
Le nqanaba lesithandathu lokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yile:
- Ulwaphulo lwengqondo: Ukulwa nobudlelwane
- Umbuzo Omkhulu: "Ngaba ndiyakuthandwa okanye ndibe ndedwa?"
- Ubuhle obuyisiseko: Uthando
- Iziganeko ezibalulekileyo: Ulwalamano oluthandanayo
Yintoni eyenzeka Ngeli nqanaba
U-Erikson ukholelwa ukuba kubalulekile ukuba abantu babe nobudlelwane obusondeleyo, bobudlelwane nabanye abantu. Ubuhlobo obusondeleyo obusondeleyo njengokuba abantu bangena kumdala badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwisigaba esithandanayo sokuthandana.
Ulwalamano olulolo hlobo luhlala lusithandana, kodwa u-Erikson ukholelwe ukuba ubuhlobo obusondeleyo bubalulekile. U-Erikson uchaze ubudlelwane obusondeleyo njengalezo ezibonakaliswa ngokusondelana, ukunyaniseka, nothando.
Abantu abaphumelele ekuxazululeni imbambano yobudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nokuzihlukanisa banako ukuhlakulela ubudlelwane obunzulu, obunentsingiselo nabanye.
Banobudlelwane obusondeleyo, obuhlala njalo, kodwa bakha ubudlelwane obuqinile kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo.
Ukuphumelela kubangela ukuba ulwalamano oluqinileyo, nangona ukuphumelela kukuphumela ekubeni yedwa kunye nokodwa. Abantu abadala abanobudlelwane neli nqanaba banamava angathandana. Akunakuze babelane ngokusondeleyo kunye nabalingani babo okanye basenokuzabalazela ukuphuhlisa naluphi na ubudlelwane. Oku kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kuba aba bantu bebukela abahlobo kunye nabaqhelana nabo bathandana, batshata, kwaye baqala iintsapho. Abo bazama ukudala ubudlelwane obusondeleyo nabanye bahlala beziva benesizungu kwaye bodwa. Abanye abantu banokuziva becala ngakumbi xa banobunzima bokuba nobuhlobo obusondeleyo nabanye.
I-Self-Self-Self igalelo kwi-Intimacy okanye Isolation
Nangona i- theory ye-psychosocial idlalwa njengoluhlu lweendlela ezichazwe kakuhle, kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ngalinye isigaba sinomdla kwixesha elilandelayo. Ngokomzekelo, u-Erikson ukholelwa ukuba ukuzibonakalisa ngokuzenzekelayo (ukusekwa ngexesha lokwazisa ngokumalunga nexesha lokudideka ) kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukudala ubudlelwane obusondeleyo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba abo abanesimo sengqondo esilungileyo banamathuba amaninzi abanobudlelwane obuncinci kwaye banokuthi bangabandezeleka ngokwasemzimbeni, banesizungu kunye nokuxinezeleka.
> Imithombo:
> Erikson, EH. Ubuntwana kunye noMbutho. Wesi-2. ENew York: Norton; 1963.
> Erikson, EH. Ubume: Ulutsha kunye neNtlekele. ENew York: Norton; 1968.
> Erikson, EH. Ubomi boBomi bugqityiwe. ENew York / London: Norton; 1982.