Yintoni enokuyenza Nokuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kakubi okanye kungekhona
Iingxaki zokuxhatshazwayo zingabangela iindlela zokuphatha ukuxinezeleka, ukuxhalaba kunye nezinye izifo zengqondo xa zisetyenziswe kakuhle kwaye zithathwe kwii-prescribed dosages. Kodwa imiphumo ingonakalise, kwaye yengozi xa ithathwa ngokungaphezulu okanye isetyenziswe ngotywala okanye iziyobisi.
Iingxaki zokuxhatshazwa zingasetyenziswa kakubi ngenjongo yokuzibulala. Abanye baya kubaphatha kakubi ukuphucula ingqondo yabo, ukusukela ekunyuseni ukuxhamla kunye nokunyamekela "ukukhawuleza ixesha".
Bobabini kwezi meko ziyabonakala ngokuqhelekileyo nge- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) ezindala , nangona i-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitors (i-SSRIs) entsha ingasetyenziswa kakubi.
Ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokuzibulala
I-akhawunti yesigqirha seziyobisi ininzi yokuzibulala ngenxa yokugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunye neengxaki zokuxhatshazwa kwezilwanyana zingenye yeentlobo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo. Olunye uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba amaninzi kwisithathu kuwo onke amanqaku angaphezu kweezidakamizwa ezichanekileyo zibandakanya i-TCA.
Uphando oluqhutywe ngo-2010 yiZiko loPhando lokuzibulala e-Oxford, eNgilani lijolise ekufumaneni ukuba iziphi izidakamizwa ezixinzelelekileyo ezixhomekeke ekuzibulala okanye zizama ukuzibulala. Kule nto, abaphandi badibanisa ngeengxelo ze-coroner kunye namarekhodi angeniso esibhedlele kwizibhedlele ezintandathu e-United Kingdom naseWales ukususela ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2006.
Oko bakufumanisa kukuba ii-TCA zazinobungozi obuphezulu kakhulu kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokufa ngokuthelekiswa ne-SSRI kunye nazo zonke iindidi ze-anti-depressants.
Oku kwakuyinyani ngokukodwa kwiidakamizwa zeTCA Prothiaden (dosulepin) kunye no-Silenor (doxepin). Kwi-SSRIs, uCelexa (citalopram) yabonwa ukuba unobungozi obuphezulu kakhulu kunye nokunciphisa.
Kwakuthenjwa ukuba ngokuqonda okungcono imingcipheko engumngcipheko, oogqirha babeza kukhethwa xa bechaza abantu abaneengxaki zokuxhatshazwa kwabantu abasengozini enkulu yokuzilimaza nokuzibulala.
Iingcinga zokuzibulala
Ngenxalenye yalo, i-US Food and Drug Administration iye yafuna ukuba kukho ibhokisi elimnyama isilumkiso kuzo zonke iintsholongwane ezixinzelelekileyo ngenxa yengozi yokwenzela ukuzibulala kubantwana, intsha kunye nabantu abadala. Kule nkalo, abantu abathatha ii-SSRI kubonakala bengengozini encinane.
Iingcamango zokuzibulala ziyakwenzeka ukuba zenzeke kwiintsuku zokuqala kunye neveki zonyango, ezifuna ukuvavanywa okufutshane ngabazali, abagcini, okanye amalungu omndeni kude kube nemiphumo yokukhaba ngokukhawuleza.
Kwiphepha le-flip, ukupheliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezidandlululo kunokubonakala kwandisa ingozi yokuzibulala ngamaphesenti angama-500 kunye nomngcipheko wokuzama ukuzibulala ngamaphesenti angama-700. Ukugqithwa ngokukhawuleza kwesilwanyana kuyadingeka ukukhusela oku.
Indlela yokuxelela ukuba umntu oye waqhekeza
Ingaba umntu uye wangena ngengozi okanye ngenjongo engaphezulu, iimpawu ziza kuba zincinci kwaye zingezizo ezithile kwiyure yokuqala okanye ezimbini kwaye ziqhube phambili ngokuqhubekayo kwiiyure zokudibanisa.
Iimpawu zokuqala zivame ukukhwabanisa, ukulala, umlomo owomileyo, ukuphazamiseka, intloko, ukuhlanza, kunye nehudo, zonke izinto ezinokuthi zithathwe kalula kwezinye izizathu. Enye yeeflegi zokuqala ezibomvu zingabonakalisa intliziyo yesigxina (irchycardia) ngokukhawuleza kwaye engavumelekanga, imeko engabonakaliyo kubantu abatsha.
Ukuba ukugqithiswa kokugqithisileyo kukhankanywe, ukudibaniswa kwezi zimpawu kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba u tyelele ngokukhawuleza kwigumbi lokuphucula.
Njengoko iziphumo ezinobuthi zivela, iimpawu zingabandakanya:
- Ukudideka
- Delirium
- Hallucinations
- Ukugubha
- Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungabonakaliyo
- Ukwandisa intliziyo yentliziyo (i-dysrhythmia)
- Uxinzelelo lokuphefumula
- Ukuxhamla
- Ukungaqondi
- Coma
Ukuxhamla, i-cardiac dysrhythmia, uxinzelelo lokuphefumula, kunye ne-coma zibhekwa njengezona zinto ziyingozi.
Uphulo oluphuthumayo lwe-Overdose
Ukungenelela ngoncedo lwezonyango luza kubandakanywa iinzame zokupompa isisu somntu kunye nokubonelela ngelahleko ezisebenzayo ukufumana amachiza asele.
Zomibini zezi zinto kufuneka zenziwe ngeyure yokuqala. I-bicarbonate ye-sodium kunye neyeminye imithi iya kumiselwa ukuba imelane nemiphumo yesigqirha. I-dialysis ayifuni ngokusebenzayo kubantu abaye banqanda ukuxilwa kweengcinezelo.
Emva kokuba umntu ezinzileyo, uza kufakwa kwiyunithi yonyango enzulu (ICU) ngeeyure ezingaphantsi kwama-12 kwaye akhululwe kuphela emva kokuba i-electrocardiogram (ECG) ihlala iqhelekileyo kwiiyure ezingama-24. Ngaphambi kokukhululwa, ukulungelelaniswa kwezidakamizwa ezifanelekileyo kunye / okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuya kulandelwa ukuba ukugqithiswa kokugqithiselwa kwenziwe okanye akunjalo.
> Imithombo:
> Friedman, R. "Isilumkiso seMnyama-Ibhokisi-Isibheno-Iminyaka eyi-10 kamva." I-New England Journal of Medicine . 2014; 371: 1666-68; INGXELO: 10.1056 / NEJMp1408480.
> Hawton, K .; Cooper, J; Amanzi, K. et. al. "Utyholongwane lwezidandlululo: iirhafu zokuzibulala zihambisana nokumisela nokungaqhelekanga." IBritish Journal of Psychiatry . 2010; 196 (5): 354-58; INGXELO: 10.1192 / bjp.hp.109.070219.