Xa abaninzi abantu beva i-MDMA, "bacinga ngamalungiselelo angalungile kwaye aphangile amachiza athengiswa njengeMolly okanye adibeneyo. Kodwa ngokwenene, ezi ziguqulelo zesitrato zihlala ziqulethe ii-adulterants kunye nantoni okanye ayikho isithako esisebenzayo 3.4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA).
Nangona i-ecstasy ixhaphake ngokuxhomekeke kwimpembelelo yexesha elide kunye nemibutho yokufa eyenziwa yiingcali-i-MDMA ibonakalise ikhuselekile kwaye ingenasiphelo kwizifundo zonyango. Ngaphezu koko, i-MDMA inokusebenza ngokuphawulekayo xa idibene ne-psychotherapy ukuphatha i-PTSD.
Ukuphathwa kwePTSD
I-post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD) yinkxwaleko yokuxhalabisa okubangelwa ukuvela kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana nokufa, inhlekelele yendalo okanye ubundlobongela. Abantu abane-PTSD bahlala kwiimeko zokungcola kwaye bavame ukuvavanya umcimbi owabangela i-PTSD yabo ngendlela yefowuni okanye ama-nightmares. Baphinde bahlaselwe yimvakalelo ecindezelekileyo, ingxaki yokulala, ukukhathaza ukuphefumla kunye nokunye. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ukuya kuma-23 ekhulwini ase-United States abuyele e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan abe ne-PTSD.
Kubonakala kunzima ukuphatha i-PTSD. Kukho ubungqina bokuba ii-SSRI (iintsholongwane ezixinzelelekileyo ezifana neZoloft okanye i-Paxil) zinokunceda ukuphatha i-PTSD. Ukongezelela, i-psychotherapy equka ukutyhila ixesha elide kunye neyeza-cactnitive-treatment ziye zafakazela ngempumelelo ekuphatheni abantu abane-PTSD; Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi abantu baphela ekuphumeni kweengqondo.
Indlela i-MDMA engasebenza ngayo ngeengqondo
Kwabantu abane-PTSD, ingqondo yengqondo ingaba nzima kuba ingqondo ye-psychotherapy idinga isiguli ukuba sikhumbule isiganeko esishukumisayo. Ezinye iingcali zithi i-MDMA ilawulwa ngaphambi kokuba i-psychotherapy inokunciphisa uxhalabisayo, ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa nokunyusa konke ukugcina isigulane sishukumisekile kwaye senze. Ukongezelela, i- MDMA inokunyusa uvelwano phakathi kwesigulane kunye nomphefumlo kwaye ugqugquzele isigulane ukuba sicinge ngeengxaki zabo kwiindlela ezintsha kunye ezintsha kunye negalelo ekuqondeni. Ekugqibeleni, i-MDMA ayiyona into enobungozi kwaye isebenza ngokufutshane.
Ngokutsho kukaBen Sessa noDavid Nutt, ababhali be-athikili ethi "Ukwenza iyeza kwi-MDMA," ngexesha le-psychotherapy, i-MDMA inceda "isigulane ukufikelela kwindawo yokuqonda ukuqonda nokubonisa inceba kukuyingxenye yesisombululo sabo kunye nokukhutshwa kweempawu. "U
Iimpembelelo ezinobungakanani be-MDMA zichaphazelekayo kwiimpawu ezizodwa zezilwanyana. Ngokukodwa, i-MDMA ichaphazela i-serotonin, i-dopamine kunye ne-alpha-2 receptors kunye nokwandisa ukukhululwa kwe-oxytocin. Ukukhululwa kwe-oxytocin kuququzelela ukudibana kunye novelwano.
Esifundweni sobubele bokuqala, ama-85 ekhulwini abathathi-nxaxheba abathatha i-MDMA ngexesha lovavanyo olulawulwa yi-placebo ayengasayi kufunyaniswa ne-PTSD emva kweesithathu iiseshoni ze-MDMA-ukuncedwa kwengqondo yengqondo. Ukongezelela, le miphumo yayihlala ixesha elide, kunye nezigulane ezinokufumana uxolo kwiimpawu ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu emva kokuphela kwesifundo! Ingqalelo, le sifundo yayingamandla amakhulu kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abambalwa. Kwinqaku edibeneyo, abaphandi baseSwitzerland bafumene ukuba i-MDMA yanciphisa kakhulu impawu ze-PTSD kubantu abanePTSD enganyangekiyo. Kucacile, uphando olongezelelweyo lufuneka lwenziwe ukuze lukhuphe izibonelelo zeekliniki zolawulo lwe-MDMA phakathi kwabantu abane-PTSD.
Ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka njengonyango
Sifanele sithathe isikhashana ukuze sikwazi ukuhlula ukusetyenziswa okungavumelekanga kokunyaniseka kunye nokusetyenziswa kweklinikhi ye-MDMA. Xa abantu bethenga ukuhlaziywa kwezinto zokuzonwabisa, basebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokugqithiseleyo, bazivelele kwiindawo ezinobungozi ezinobungozi kwaye basebenzise ezinye iziyobisi ngaphezu kwe-MDMA njenge cocaine, i-marijuana kunye notywala. Kwizicwangciso zeklinikhi, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okungaxilwanga kwe-MDMA kusetyenziselwa unyango olufutshane lwexesha elifutshane ngexesha le-psychotherapy. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuthenga ukucima okanye ukucima isitrato okanye kwezinye iiklabhu kwaye ukuyisebenzisa ukuphatha i-PTSD yinto engalunganga.
Nangona i-MDMA ibonisa isithembiso njengonyango lwe-PTSD, ngenxa yombono karhulumente kunye nokuthintela urhulumente, i-MDMA ayisoze isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ingxaki. Ngokukodwa, zombini iUnited States kunye ne-United Kingdom baye bavala le nkunkuma. Ngenxa yokuba i-MDMA ivaliwe, kunzima kakhulu ukufumana nokuvavanya kwizifundo zekliniki kwaye akufumaneki ukuba ufumane umyalelo.
Imithombo:
> UNutt, uDavid noSessa, uBen. "Ukwenza iMicrosoft Out of MDMA." I-British Journal ye-Psychiatry, ngo-2015.
Sessa, uBen. "Ngaba i-MDMA ingaba luncedo kuMnxeba weNgxaki yokuPhathwa kwengcinezelo? Inkqubela phambili kwi-Neurology ne-Psychiatry ngo-2011.