Iklasi leziyobisi eyaziwayo njengezidakamizwa ezixhamlayo ziphazamisa umbono wabasebenzisi bokubona kunye nesandi kunye nokudala iimvakalelo zentambo-okanye ukuhlukana-ukusuka kwimo engqongileyo kunye nokuzimela. Nangona ezi ziphumo ziguqulwa ingqondo, aziyiyo i-hallucinations.
Ezi zimbini iziyobisi, i- PCP (phencyclidine) kunye ne- ketamine , zaqulunqwa ekuqaleni njenge-anesthetics jikelele ekusebenziseni ngexesha lotyando.
I-DXM (dextromethorphan) iyisithako esifanayo kwimichiza ekhuselayo yokukhwehlela, kodwa ithathwa ngamanyathelo aphezulu ingenza iziphumo eziguquka ngengqondo ezifana ne-PCP ne-ketamine.
Ba sebenza Njani?
I-National Institute of Drug Abuse Abuse ukuba izidakamizwa ezixhatshazwayo zisebenza ngokubangela ukuphazamisa isenzo se glutamate, i-neurotransmitter, kuwo wonke ubuchopho, oko kukuchaphazela indlela umsebenzisi azijonga ngayo iintlungu, iimpendulo kwizinto ezithintekayo kunye nememori.
PCP (phencyclidine)
Kwezona zintathu ezixhaphakileyo ezixhaphakileyo, i- PCP ivelisa iimpendulo ezingalindelekanga, ngokukodwa kwimilinganiselo ephezulu. I-PCP inokuthi ithathwe ngomlomo njengepilisi okanye i-capsule, ifakwe njengepowder okanye ifakwe xa i powder ifafazwa ngezinto ezinobungqingili ezifana namacembe e-marijuana. Abanye abasebenzisi baya kucosa i-cigarettes okanye i-marijuana joints kwi-PCP yamanzi baze bayitshise.
I-PCP ithathwa njengesichengululo seziyobisi ngenxa yokuba kunokudala izifiso kunye nokuxhomekeka kwengqondo kubasebenzisi.
Abasebenzisi be-PCP banokunyanzelisa ngokufuna nokusebenzisa izilwanyana kwaye banokufumana iimpawu zokuyeka xa beyeka ukuyisebenzisa.
I-PCP yaziwa ngokubanzi ngokuthi "uthuli lengelosi," kodwa libizwa nangokuthi i-rocket fuel, i-Supergrass, kunye nokucoca amanzi.
Ketamine
I-Ketamine yayidalwa ngokutsha njenge-PCP kwaye kwaye xa uxhatshazwayo kuvelisa imiphumo efana ne-PCP kodwa ingaphantsi kakhulu kwaye imfutshane.
Eyaziwayo kwisitrato njenge "Special K" okanye nje "K," isicatshulwa sisasetyenziselwa unyango njengento ye-anesthhesia yabantu kunye nokudambisa izilwanyana.
I-Ketamine yindoda ephoswayo xa isetyenziselwa iinjongo ezingekho komzimba kodwa inokutshaya xa ifafaza iteksi okanye inambuzane. Indlela abasabela ngayo abasebenzisi xa ukusebenzisa kakubi i-ketamine kuncike kakhulu kumthamo.
Njengamanani aphantsi, abasebenzisi banokufumana iimiphumo ezichaphazelekayo ezibandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwememori, amandla okufunda kunye nokulahlekelwa ingqalelo. Kwimilinganiselo ephezulu, i-ketamine ingabangela i-delirium, i-amnesia kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba iintsuku ezintathu emva kokusebenzisa i-ketamine, abanye abasebenzisi babonisa "ukukhubazeka kwememori ye-semantic kunye ne-dissociative kunye ne-schizotypal symptomatology."
Dextromethorphan
I-Dextromethorphan isithako sokunciphisa ukukhwehlela efunyenwe kwiinkcukacha ezininzi ezinokubanda ezibandayo kunye nokukhwehlela ngokuvamile ziphawulwe "amandla angaphezulu." Xa kuthathwa njengalathwayo, lukhuselekile kwaye lusebenza kakuhle.
Kuthatyathwa kumaqondo aphezulu kakhulu, nangona kunjalo, kunokudala iziphumo ezifana nezo ze-PCP kunye ne-ketamine. Eyaziwa ngokuba yi "DXM" okanye "i-robo," isicatshulwa sithandwa ngabantu abaselula kuba kulula ukuthelekiswa neziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni.
Ngenxa yokuba iqulethwe kwisiraphu yokukhwehlela, i-dextromethorphan ithathwa ngomlomo.
Amanani aphantsi angakwazi ukuvelisa impembelelo emnandi kunye nemibono ebonakalayo ephosakeleyo. Kwimilinganiselo ephakamileyo, abasebenzisi babika ukufumana i-detachment epheleleyo emzimbeni womntu, njengezinye iziyobisi ezixhamlayo.
Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuba isitshizi sokukhwehlela apho i-dextromethorphan ifumaneka iqulethe i-antihistamine kunye ne-decongestant nayo, amayeza aphezulu alezo ziyobisi angavelisa ezinye iziphumo ezinobungozi, ezifana nokulala, utyumbe, ukungabikho kokulungelelanisa, umboniso obonakalayo, ukwanda kwentliziyo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwegazi.
Imithombo:
Curran HV, et al. "Imiphumo yokuqonda, i-dissociative kunye ne-psychotogenic ye-ketamine kubasebenzisi bokuzonwabisa ngexesha lobusuku bokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa kunye neentsuku ezintathu emva koko." Umlingo ngo- Ephreli 2000
Isizwe seSizwe sokuLawulwa kweziyobisi. "I-Hallucinogens ne-Dissociative Drugs." Uluhlu lweeNgxelo zoPhando olulungiswe ngoJanuwari 2014
ISebe lezeMpilo laseNew York ne-Hygiene mentale. "I-Dissociative Drugs (PCP & Ketamine)." Iziyobisi kunye neMpilo