Akukho utshintsho oluninzi kwi-DSM-5
Izifo zomntu ziimeko zesifo sengqondo eziqala ebusheni okanye ekudala, ziqhubeke iminyaka emininzi, kwaye zibangele uxinzelelo olukhulu. Ukuphazamiseka komntu kudla ukuphazamisa ukwazi kwakho ukuzonwabisa ubomi okanye ukufezekisa ukuzaliseka kobudlelwano, umsebenzi okanye isikolo.
I- Manual Diagnostic and Statistical of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) uluhlu lweengxaki ezilishumi zobuntu, kubandakanywa ukuphazamiseka komntu (BPD).
Ukuxilongwa
I-DSM-IV-TR isebenzisa "inkqubo yokuxilonga" ye-"multiple-axial". Oku kuthetha ukuba xa i-diagnostic eyenziwe isebenzisa i-DSM-IV, ingqalelo yahlawulwa kwiindawo ezinhlanu ezahlukeneyo, okanye iimpax, ezinokuthi zithintele umntu ofunyanisiweyo.
Ukuphazamiseka komuntu kwafunyaniswa kwi- Axis II ye-multi-axial system. Le ngqungquthela igcinwe kwiimeko ezide kakhulu zokubaluleka kwekliniki. Ukulibaziseka kwengqondo yinye enye imeko efunyenwe kwi-Axis II.
Kwi-DSM-5. inguqu yakutshanje, akukho zikhwama.
Amacandelo
Ukuphazamiseka komntu kuququzelelwe kwi "clusters" emithathu kwi-DSM-IV-TR kunye ne-DSM-5. Iziphazamiso kwiinkalo zecandelo ngalinye zecandelo leenkcukacha okanye zithatha ngokwempawu zabantu abathi bafunyanwe ngaphakathi kweso siqela.
'ICluster A'
Ukukhathazeka komntu "iCluster A" ibonakala ngokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga okanye okungaqhelekanga. Abantu abaneengxaki zobuntu kwili qela bavame ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwezobudlelwane kuba ukuziphatha kwabo kubonwa njengento eqhelekileyo, isicatshulwa okanye ikhutshwe.
Iziphazamiso zobuntu ziquka "iCluster A":
'ICluster B'
Ukukhathazeka komntu "iCluster B" kubonakala ngokuziphatha okuphawulekayo okanye okungaqhelekanga. Abantu abaneengxaki zobuntu kweli qela banamathuba amaninzi okanye ababandakanyeka ekuziphatheni okukhulu, ezithandwayo, eziphathekayo okanye eziphula umthetho.
Iingxaki zobuntu beCluster B ziquka:
- Umngcipheko woMntu woMda
- I-Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Ingxaki yoBuntu
- I-Narcissistic Personality Disorder
'ICluster C'
Ukukhathazeka komntu "iCluster C" kubonakala ngokuxhalabisa. Abantu abaneengxaki zobuntu kweli qela bavame ukufumana uxhalaba kunye / okanye ukwesaba okukhulu.
Iingxaki zobuntu beCluster C ziquka:
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu
- Inkathazo yoBuntu obumnyama
- Ingxaki yokuKhusela abantu
Unyango
Xa kuthelekiswa nokukhathazeka kwemizwelo, kukho uphando oluthile ngokuphawulekayo kunyango lweengxaki zobuntu. Ininzi yophando olukhoyo lujolise kunyango lwe-BPD. Kwi-BPD, kukho uninzi lwezonyango ezithathwa ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni iimpawu, kubandakanywa ne-psychotherapy kunye nokhetho lwamachiza.
Ngokubanzi, iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba ukukhathazeka komntu kunzima ukunyanga ngenxa yokuba, ngokucacileyo, iipateni zobuntu zobude. Oko kwathiwa, lo ngumbuzo ongazange ube phantsi kophando olunzulu. Uphando olungakumbi lufunekayo ukuhlolisisa ukusebenza kwezonyango ngenxa yokukhathazeka komntu.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangoku luye lwabonisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka komntu ongenamdaka kunzima ukunyanga kunokuba wayecinga ngaphambili kwaye abantu abaninzi baphucula unyango oluqhubekayo.
Ukunyanzelisa
Kukho ubuninzi obukhulu phakathi kokukhathazeka komntu, oku kuthetha ukuba umntu ohlangabezana neendlela zokuxilonga ngesifo somntu omnye uya kubakho ukufumana iimpawu zokufumana ubunzima obunye okanye obuninzi obongezelelweyo buntu. Olunye uphando olutshanje oluxhaswa yiNational Institute of Health mentally lufumene ukuba malunga nama-85% abantu abane-BPD banokuhlangabezana neendlela zokuxilonga okungenani ubuncinane omnye umntu okanye ingxaki yomzwelo.
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual yeengxaki zeengqondo DSM-IV-TR Inkwenkwe yesine . Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika: 2000.
Isibonelelo BF, i-Chou SP, i-Goldstein RB kunye ne-al. "Ukuxhaphaka, iCorrelates, Ukukhubazeka, kunye noKhuseleko lwe-DSM-IV Umngcipheko woBuntu woMntu: Iziphumo ezivela kwi-Surveve 2 National Epidemiologic Survey ngoTywala kunye neMeko ehambelana nayo," I- Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , 69 (4): 533-545, 2008.
"Iingqinisiso zobuntu besikhokelo." Umbutho we-Psychiatric Association (2013).
"Ukuphazamiseka komntu." I-Clinical Mayo (2014).
"Umngcipheko woMntu weMida." Isiko seSizwe seMpilo yengqondo (2016).