Izinzuzo kunye nokulinganiselwa
Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene uxinzelelo okanye uya kuhlolisiswa ngenxa yokudandatheka, usenokuba weva nge-Instory Depression (Children's Depression Inventory). I-CDI isixhobo esisetyenziswa ngabaqeqeshi bempilo yengqondo ukulinganisa iimpawu zokuqonda, ezichaphazelekayo nezokuziphatha zokuxinezeleka kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo phakathi kweminyaka engama-7 no-17. I-CDI isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzima beempawu ezixinzeleleyo kubantwana .
Ikwahlula kwakhona phakathi kwengxaki enkulu yokudandatheka kunye nesifo se- dysthymic kubantwana kwaye sinceda ootitshala ukuba bachaze phakathi kwezi ngxaki kunye nezinye izimo zengqondo.
I-CDI yimibiko yokuhlola ingxelo ngokwayo ebhaliweyo kwinqanaba lokufunda lokuqala lokufunda, oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho uya kunikwa ukuhlolwa kwamaphepha kunye neepensile. Olunye uvavanyo lwengxelo yokuzibonakalisa ukuxinezeleka kubantwana lubandakanya i-Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) kunye ne-Weinberg Screening Affective Scale (WSAS).
I-CDI ineefom ezimbini: I-original version-item item, kunye ne-10-item item-short form version, ethatha imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwe-15 ukuba umntwana agqibe. Ifom elifutshane lisetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokubhenca, ngelixa ifomu elide lixilongwa ngakumbi.
Indlela i-CDI ilawulwa ngayo
Into nganye kwi-CDI ineengxelo ezintathu, kwaye umntwana ucelwa ukuba akhethe impendulo enye echaza kakuhle iimvakalelo zakhe kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo.
Kukho iintlawulo ezintlanu ngaphakathi kovavanyo olulinganisa iincandelo ezahlukeneyo zokudandatheka:
- Anhedonia (ukungakwazi okanye ukunciphisa amandla okufumana uvuyo)
- Ukuzithemba okungafanelekanga (inkolelo yokuba awukho nto nantoni na)
- Ukungaphumeleli (ukungabikho kwesishukumisi okanye ukungakwazi ukugqiba imisebenzi)
- Iingxaki zangaphakathi (ubunzima nokwenza ubuhlobo obusondeleyo)
- Ukunganeliseki (ukunganakali okanye umsindo)
Ukuthembeka nokuchazwa
I-CDI ineziganeko eziphambili ze-psychometric, oko kuthetha ukuba ithetha ukunyanzeliswa kwabantwana ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthembekileyo xa kusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba uvavanyo alufanelekanga kubantwana abafunda ubunzima. I-CDI yavavanywa kwiqela elikhulu elimele uluntu lwabantu base-United States.
Kuphela oqeqeshiwe oqeqeshiwe kwiipropati ze-CDI unokukwazi ukutshintsha ngokuchanekileyo iziphumo. Amanqaku athatywayo ekuvavanyeni ayinanto engenanto ngaphandle kokuchazwa kwengcali. Abazali mabaxubushe intsingiselo yeziphumo kunye neengcali ezivandlakisayo umntwana.
Imida
Njengazo ezinye iimvavanyo zokuzivakalisa ezizisebenzisayo kubantwana, i-CDI inobungozi kwimida ethile. Ngokomzekelo, kuba abantwana abanalo udidi olufanayo kunye nabantu abadala abachaphazelekayo ekuqondeni nasekuvakaliseni iimvakalelo zabo, iimpendulo zabo akunakubonakalisa isimo sabo sokwenene sengqondo. Ukongezelela, abantwana banokuba baninzi amathuba kunokuba abantu abadala bazama ukunika oko bakholelwa ukuba iimpendulo ezifunwayo kunokuba ziphendule iimpendulo zabo. Abanye abaphandi baye baphawula ukuba abantwana abangenazo izakhono zokufunda ezifanelekileyo abanokufumana i- dia g nosis ngokungqiniswanga ngesiseko se-CDI.
Emva kokuvavanywa nge-CDI
I-CDI uvavanyo olukhawulezayo nolunezintlupheko luvavanyo kumntwana wakho. Nangona naluphina uhlobo lovavanyo oluqinisekileyo lokwenza umntwana abe neentloni, unokumqinisekisa ukuba akukho zimpendulo ezichanekileyo okanye ezingalunganga.
Iimpawu ezixinzeleleko zivame ukuguquka kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Ngako oko, umlobi wovavanyo ucebisa ukuphindaphinda kwakhona nawuphi na umntwana ofumana amanqaku ahle kwi-CDI ezimbini kwiiveki ezine emva kovavanyo lokuqala. Ukongezelela, umntwana ofumana amanqaku amahle kwi-CDI kufuneka athunyelwe ngokuphononongwa ngokubanzi ngophando lwezempilo yengqondo.
Ukuba ukhathazeke ngokudakumba komntwana wakho, kubalulekile ukubonisana nomntwana wezingane okanye omnye umqeqeshi wezempilo yengqondo.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukuxinezeleka kwabantwana kuthathwa ngokukhawuleza.
Imithombo:
UKarmen L. Rivera, uGuillermo Bernal, uJeannette Rossello. I-Children's Depress Inventory (i-CDI) kunye ne-Beck Depression Inventory (BDI): Ukuqinisekiswa kwabo njengendlela yokujonga ukunyamezela okukhulu kwiqela lama-adolescents ase-Puerto Rico. " I-International Journal ye-Clinical and Health Psychology, Septemba 5, 2005, 5 (3): 485-498.
I-Kovacs, M. Inventry Inventory ye-Children (CDI) eNew York: Iinkqubo ezininzi zezempilo, Inc .; 1992.
URobert J. Gregory. Uvavanyo lweZengqondo: Imbali, iMigaqo, kunye nezicelo. IQinisekiso yesine. Boston, MA: Iqela leMfundo lePerarson, Inc .; 2004.