Ifomathi ye-APA imisela inani lemigaqo ecacileyo yokubeka uluhlu lwemisebenzi yereferensi usebenzisa ulwazi lomlobi. Indlela ochaza ngayo imithombo eyahlukileyo ihluka ngoxhomekeke kwinani labalobi abaye banikwe umthombo. Ngokomzekelo, indlela oya kubhala ngayo umbhali oyedwa uyahluka ngokuthe ngandlela-thile kwindlela obhekisela kuyo umthombo onobumbhali abaninzi.
Ngaphambi kokuba udale icandelo lokubhekisela kwiphepha lezesayikholoji, kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokubhala kakuhle iincwadi, amanqaku kunye neminye imithombo kwifomati ye-APA.
Ezi zikhokelo zilandelayo ziyakunceda ukulungiselela icandelo lokubhekisela kwiphepha lefomathi yakho ye- APA .
I-APA Inkcazo engekho Umbhali
Amanqaku kunye neminye imisebenzi engaboneleli umbhali kufuneka iqalise ngesihloko somsebenzi. Ukuba isihloko siyincwadi, dwelisa isihloko kwisihloko sokuqala. Inani leenombolo kunye neenombolo zephepha kufuneka zilandele izihloko zeenqaku, ngelixa iincwadi zeencwadi kufuneka zilandelwe ngendawo kunye negama lomshicileli.
Umzekelo:
Isikhokelo somfundi kwifomathi ye-APA. (1997). I-Psychology Weekly, 8, 13-27.
kwaye
I-APA yeyona ndlela yesikhokelo sencwadi. (2006). Hartford, CT: I-Press Press.
I-APA Inkcazo yeMbhali oyedwa
Imisebenzi yombhali omnye kufuneka ubhale igama lokugqibela lomlobi kunye nabaqalayo. Umhla wokupapashwa kufuneka udibene nabazali kunye nokulandelwa sisihloko kwinqaku okanye kwincwadi. Iincwadi kunye neendwangu zamaphephandaba kufuneka zifakwe kwiibhali. Inani leenombolo kunye neenombolo zephepha le nqaku kufuneka zilandele izihloko zeencwadi, ngelixa izihloko zeencwadi kufuneka zilandelwe ngendawo kunye negama lomshicileli.
Umzekelo:
UMcCrae, uRR (1993). Uhlalutyo olulinganisiweyo lwexesha elide lokuzinza. I-Journal of Personality and Psychology, 65, 577-585.
kwaye
Bandura, A. (1977). Inkcazo yokufunda yentlalo. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: I-Prentice-Hall.
I-APA Iingxelo zoBumbhali ababini
Imisebenzi yabalobi ababini kufuneka ibhale uluhlu lwamagama okugqibela kunye namaziko okuqala ahlukaniswe ngu-ampersand (&).
La magama kufuneka alandelwe ngumhla wokushicilelwa odibene nabazali. Ukuba umsebenzi uyi-newspaper kwinqaku, isihloko senqaku kufuneka silandele ngokukhawuleza umhla wokupapashwa. Okulandelayo, isihloko sencwadi okanye iphephabhuku kufuneka lifakwe kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba isalathisi yincwadana yendaba, nikela inombolo yenani kunye namanani ephepha. Kwiincwadi, dwelisa indawo kunye negama lomshicileli.
Umzekelo:
Kanfer, FH, & Busemeyer, JR (1982). Ukusetyenziswa kokusombulula iingxaki kunye nokwenza izigqibo kwindlela yokwenza unyango . Ukuhlaziywa kweeSiklinikhi zePhysical Psychology, 2, 239-266.
kwaye
Buss, AH, & Pomin, R. (1975). Iingcamango zengqondo yokuphuhlisa ubuntu . Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Abathunywa abathathu kwabaSebenzi
Imisebenzi ngababhali abathathu ukuya kubasixhenxe kufuneka bahlule amagama okugqibela kunye namaqalo okuqala omlobi ngamnye ohlukaniswe ngu-ampersand. Amagama abhaliweyo kufuneka alandelwe ngumhla wokushicilelwa odibene nabazali.
Ukuba umsebenzi uyigqabantshintshi inqaku, zibandakanya isihloko senqaku ngokukhawuleza emva komhla wokupapashwa. Isihloko sencwadi okanye iphephabhuku kufuneka lifakwe kwiibhali. Ukuba isalathisi yincwadana yendaba, nikela inombolo yenani kunye namanani ephepha. Kwiincwadi, dwelisa indawo kunye negama lomshicileli.
Umzekelo:
Abma, JC, uCandra, A., Mosher, WD, Peterson, LS, & Piccinino, LJ (1997). Ukukhula, ukucwangcisa intsapho, kunye nempilo yabasetyhini: Idatha emitsha evela kwi-Survey National Survey 1995. Izibalo zeMpilo kunye neMpilo, 23 (9), 1-67.
kwaye
Alper, S., Schloss, PJ, Etscheidt, SK, & Macfarlane, CA (1995). Ukufakwa: Ngaba siyayeka okanye sinceda abafundi? Amawaka ama-Oaks, CA: iCorwin Press.
Iimpawu ze-APA zeMibhalo yabaBhali abangaphezu kwezixhenxe
Xa umsebenzi uvakaliswa kubabhali abangaphezu kwe sixhenxe, isalathisi sichazwe ngokunika amagama abalobi abathandathu bokulandelwa . . . kwaye ngoko umbhali wokugqibela.
Intsalela yesalathisi ilandela ifomathi efanayo njengoko kubalobi abasixhenxe okanye abangaphantsi.
Igama lokugqibela lamagama kunye nama-initials alandelwa ngumhla wokushicilelwa odibene nabazali. Igama le nqaku lifakwe kwangoko emva komhla wokupapashwa. Isihloko sephephabhuku okanye isihloko sencwadi sifanele sinikezwe ngeengqikembe. Inombolo yevolumu kunye nenombolo yekhasi kufuneka ilandele izihloko zeencwadi, ngelixa izihloko zeencwadi kufuneka zilandelwe ngendawo kunye negama lomshicileli.
Umzekelo:
Omnyama, CP, Arlo, ST, Rechit, R., Machlen, JP, Sempson, K., Bee, AL,. . . USmith, uRK (1999). Ukucaphula abalobi abasixhenxe okanye abangaphezulu kwifomathi ye-APA. Umbhalo we-APA Style kunye neFomathi, 17 , 45-75.
kwaye
Omnyama, CP, Arlo, ST, Rechit, R., Machlen, JP, Sempson, K., Bee, AL,. . . Clark, SP (2001). Ifomathi ye-APA yabafundi bezesayensi . I-Newark, NJ: I-Prentice-Hall.
Funda kabanzi malunga nemibandela embalwa eyahlula imithombo kwifomathi ye-APA: