Yintoni eyenziwa ngengcali yengqondo yengqondo?
I-Psynsicology ye-Forensic iye yaba enye yezona ndawo zithandwa kakhulu kwizengqondo kwiminyaka yamuva. Inani elongezelelweyo labafundi libonisa umdla kulolu hlobo lokufunda, kodwa baninzi abaqinisekanga ukuba bafuna ntoni ukuqhuba umsebenzi kule ndawo. Ukuba unomdla kwizengqondo kunye nomthetho kunye nobulungisa bobugebengu, ke le yindawo enokukunceda.
Ngoko uqala njani kwi-psychology forensic? Ziziphi izihloko ozifunayo ukuze ufunde esikolweni, njani ufumana umsebenzi endle, kwaye zenzani iingqondo zengqondo?
Masiqale kuqala ngokuphendula umbuzo osisiseko kunabo bonke:
Yiyiphi Eyona Nkcazo Yeengqondo?
ICandelo 41 le- American Psychological Association , eyaziwa njengeGqeba eliLawulayo kwi-American Psychology-Law Society (AP-LS), ichaza ngokucacileyo i-psychological forensic:
"Uqeqesho lwezengcali zeengqondo kwiinkalo zengqondo yekliniki, ukucetyiswa kwengqondo, i-neuropsychology, kunye neengqondo zengqondo, xa zihlala zihlala njengeengcali kwaye zimela ngokwaloo nto, kumsebenzi ojoliswe ekunikeni ubuchule bokusebenza kwengqondo kwinkqubo yezogwebo. "U
Okubalulekileyo, iingqondo zengqondo zibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-psychology kwintsimi yophando lobugebengu kunye nomthetho. Iingcali zengqondo zengqondo zisebenzisa ulwazi lwabo lweengqondo kwaye ziyisebenzise ukuqonda iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomthetho.
Ngamanye amaxesha kubandakanya ukuqhuba iimvavanyo zabantu kwinkqubo yenkundla, ukwenza i- psychotherapy kunye namaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho, ukuvavanya amangqina, kunye nokunikela ubungqina kwiimvavanyo zoluntu kunye nezobugebengu.
Kwakhona esinye sezikolo ezikhulayo ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi kwengqondo. I-AP-LS okwangoku inamalungu angaphezulu kwama-3 000 kwaye iqhubeka ikhula ngonyaka.
Ingqondo ye-Forensic nayo enye yezoqeqesho ndihlala ndibuzwa ngabafundi abanomdla wokungena kulo msebenzi njengomsebenzi.
Kutheni i-Forensic Psychology efana nokuSebenza ngokukhawuleza?
Ngoko yintoni echaza ukukhula okukhawuleza kule ntsimi? I-Psynsicology ye-Forensic iye yakhula ngokugqithiseleyo kwindalo kwiminyaka yamuva nje, ngenxa yentsholongwane ebonakalayo kwintsimi kwimabhayisikobho nakwi-TV, enoba ngelinye ilanga ayisoloko ilungile.
Iingcali zeengqondo ze-forensic zivame ukubonakaliswa njengabaphrofayili bobugebengu abanobuchule bokungqubuzana nesifo sengqondo esilandelayo. Enyanisweni, aba baqeqeshi bezakhono zengqondo njengenzululwazi kwinkqubo yobulungisa bezobugebengu kunye neenkundla zomthetho. Bambalwa balaba baqeqeshi basebenzayo njengezandla kubaphenyi bezobugebengu endle kwaye bancinci benza inxaxheba ekuzingeleni izigwenxa.
Ngoko ngokwenene ntoni abagqirha beengqondo?
Iimfanelo ze-Psychologist Forensic
Iingcali zengqondo zengqondo zihlala zibandakanyeka kumabini omthetho noluntu. Imizekelo embalwa ibandakanya:
- Iingxabano zokuzimela
- Hlola iibango zomshuwalense
- Ukunikela ubungqina kumacala omthetho
- Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-psychotherapy kwiinkundla zentsapho
- Ukwenza uvavanyo lokugcina abantwana
- Phanda iingxelo zokuxhaphazwa kwabantwana
- Ukuqhuba uvavanyo lokujongelwa umngcipheko.
Abo basebenza kwiinkundla zombambano bavame ukuvavanya ubuchule, banikeze ngeengcamango zesibini, kwaye banikele ngengqondo yengqondo kumaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho. Iingcali ezisebenza kwiinkqubo zobugebengu ziqhuba ukuvavanya kwengqondo, zisebenzisana namangqina omntwana, kwaye zibonelela ngophando lwabaphuli abaselula kunye nabadala.
Uninzi Kangakanani Ii-Psychologists?
Imivuzo kwi-psychological forensic ingabaluleka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwicandelo lomsebenzi nangona iindawo ezininzi zokungena kwii-doctorate ziqala phakathi kwama-60,000 ne-70,000 ngonyaka ngonyaka. I-Fact.com iphakamisa ukuba umvuzo wesizwe oqhelekileyo weengqondo ze-forensic ngo-2017 wawungama-$ 79,000.
I-Payscale.com ibonisa ukuba umvuzo womyinge ulinganiselwa kuma-$ 62,000 kunye ne-low-end range ejikeleze i-$ 35,000 kunye ne-high-end range malunga no-$ 124,000.
Abantu abathile benqanaba le-bachelor okanye i-master degree baqhuba isihloko somncedisi wengqondo okanye umhlobo wengqondo. Ukuqala kwemivuzo yeenqanaba zezi zikhundla ngokuqhelekileyo kuqalise i-$ 35,000 okanye i-$ 40,000. Abo baqeshwe ngasese ababonelela ngeenkonzo zokubonisana nabo bafumana ngaphezulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuma-85,000 ukuya kwii-95,000 zamaxabiso.
Luhlobo luni loDegree Do Forensic Psychologists Ludinga?
Okwangoku, akukho mzekelo owamkelekileyo wokuqeqeshwa kweengcali zengqondo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nangona kunjalo, iingqondo zengqondo zifuna idanga lobugqirha kwizengqondo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwizikolo zengqondo okanye zengqondo . Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu abanomdla kule ntsimi baqala ngokufumana i-PhD okanye i-PsyD kwizengqondo zekliniki ngaphambi kokuba bafumane uhlobo oluthile lokuqeqeshwa kwangemva kwesikhundla kunye nokuzikhethela kwi-psychology forensic.
Inani lezikolo ezifana neYunivesithi yaseArizona kunye neYunivesithi yaseVirginia zinika iinqununu ezigxilwe ngokukodwa kwiengqondo zengqondo ezibandakanya izifundo kwizifundo zengqondo kunye nomthetho. Isiqhelo esinjalo sithatha iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweyesi-7 yezifundo zokugqiba ukugqiba nokwamkelwa kwiinkqubo zobugqirha zikhuphisana kakhulu.
Emva kwemfundo efanelekileyo, uqeqesho kunye namava, i-psychologist ye-forensic ingayifaka isicelo sokuqinisekiswa kwebhodi. I-American Board ye-Forensic Psychology inikeza ootitshala ithuba lokuba baqinisekiswe njenge-Diplomate ye-Forensic Psychology.
Kwinqaku le- Psychology Today , i-psychologist yezobuchwepheshe uDkt. Karen Franklin wathintela ingxaki yenyameko yokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kweenkqubo ze-intanethi ze-intanethi ezigxininisa kwi-psychology. Uninzi lwezi nkqubo ludinga iminyaka emibini nje yokufunda ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ibe yinto ekhethiweyo eyaziwayo kubafundi abanomdla kule ndawo. UFranklin uphakamisa ukuba ezininzi zezi nkqubo yiloo nto ayibhekisele kuyo ngokuthi 'ukuthengiswa kobuxoki.'
"Iiklinikhi zamanqanaba ezifundo ziya kuba neengxaki ekukhuphisana kwintsimi elawulwa ngabaqeqeshi abanezidanga eziphambili," uFranlin ucebisa.
Ngaba Umsebenzi Wengqondo Yengqondo?
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo malunga nomsebenzi kwi-psychology forensic, kukho izinto ezimbalwa omele uziqwalasele. Ngaba uyakujabulela ukusebenza nabanye? Iingcali zeengqondo ze-forensic zivame ukusebenza kunye neqela labanye abaqeqeshiweyo ngaphezu kokusebenza ngokukhawuleza nabaxhasi okanye abaphulaphuli-mthetho. Ngaba unemihlali engxaki? Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu bafumana iingxaki ezingenakwenzeka ngokukhawuleza okanye zilungiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukongezelela kule mimpawu, iingcali ziye zaphakamisa ukuba iingcali zengqondo zengqondo kufuneka zibe nolwazi olusemthethweni oluqinileyo, ziqonde indlela i-psychology kunye nomthetho edibanisa ngayo kunye nokusebenzisana, babe noqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwiinkqubo zengqondo zonyango, kunye nemvelaphi kwimibandela yokuziphatha ngokweengqondo.
Iingcali zengqondo ze-forensic zidinga umonde, ubuqili, nokuzinikela. Ngaba unomdla ekufundeni kokubili umthetho kunye neengqondo? Abafundi abonwabelayo zombini izifundo banokufumana ukuba i-psychological forensic yeyona ndlela ikhethileyo.
Yiyiphi Inzuzo kunye neNgqungquthela yomSebenzi kwi-Psychology?
Njengawo nawuphi na umsebenzi, kukho zombini i-pluses kunye ne-minuses ukuba yi-psychologyist forensic. Ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele kule ndlela yokusebenza, sebenzisa ixesha elide ucinga ngendlela ezi zinokwenzeka ngayo kunye neentsikelelo ezinokuchaphazela ubomi bakho.
Ezinye zeenzuzo zokuba yingcali yeengqondo zibandakanya:
- Ithuba lokunceda abanye
- Izindlela ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi (oko kukuthi inkundla zetyala, ukubonisana, urhulumente, imfundo)
- Ingaba ngumsebenzi onzima kunye nomvuzo
Ezimbalwa zeendlela ezinokuthi ziquka:
- Kudinga ukuzinikezela ixesha elide (iminyaka emi-5-7 yokufunda)
- Ukuhlawula ngokuqhelekileyo kuphantsi ngokumalunga nomlinganiselo wemfundo kunye nomsebenzi ofunekayo
- Ukuphazamiseka, uxinzelelo kunye nokutshiswa kungenzeka
ILizwi
"Yenzani i-psychologist yezokwelapha?" Umbuzo oqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi abanomdla kulo msebenzi wokukhetha. Nangona inkundla ingahle ibe yinto ebonakaliswe kumabonwakude nakwiimabhayisikobho, kuseyiyona ndlela enomvuzo, eyinselele kunye nenomdla.
Enye yezona zinto zikhangeleka kakhulu ukuba yi-psychologist ye-forensic ye-psychologist kukuba ihlala inika imingeni emitsha enomdla kunye namava. Unokuvavanya amangqina ngolunye usuku uze unikele ubungqina enkundleni elandelayo. Ukuba unomdla kwimbilini yengqondo kunye nomthetho, ngoko umsebenzi wezobugcisa zengqondo mhlawumbi ungakhetha kakhulu.
> Imithombo:
> DeMatteo, D., Marczyk, G., Krauss, D., & Burl, J. Imizekelo yezemfundo kunye noqeqesho kwi-psychology forensic. Uqeqesho kunye neMfundo kwi-Psychology yeNgcali, 3 (3), 184-191; 2009.
> Weiner, IB, & Goldstein, AM Handbook ye-Psychology, Psychology Psychology. Hoboken, eNew Jersey: UJohn Wiley kunye noNyana; 2012.