Umbuzo: unyana wam uneminyaka engama-13 1/2 ubudala. Wayesoloko ekhuluphele kakhulu kwaye wayidla ngokutya ngokutya okungafunekiyo njengoMcDonald's okanye i-pizza ubuninzi bomi bakhe. Njengoko waqala ukuhamba ebusheni, wakhula amasentimitha amane waza walahlekelwa ngamakhilogremu angama-25. Ingxaki uye waxhalabisa ubunzima bakhe kwaye uyaqhubeka nokulahlekelwa ubunzima obuninzi. Ubunzima bakhe bunzima buyi-169 kwaye ngoku uhlala kuma-117.
Utshintshile ukutya kwakhe ngokupheleleyo. Uye waba ngumnonophelo wezempilo kwaye usebenzise lonke ixesha. Andinayo ingxaki ngaleyo nxalenye. Ndixhalabile kakhulu kuba yonke ikhukhu kunye namathambo kwaye ibonakala iyonwabile kakhulu ngokulahlekelwa kwesisindo. Uthi akakwazi ukufumana i-skinny ngokwaneleyo. Ndingenza ntoni? Zonke izihlobo zakhe ziqhubeka zimxelela ukuba ngoku "unomhlaza" kubandakanya nezingane zakhe. Udla kuphela ukutya okunempilo, kodwa mhlawumbi akwanele. Ndingamfumana njani ukuba abuyele ubunzima? Akunamakhilogremu ayi-117? Meryl, eBrooklyn, NY
Impendulo: Ngokweminyaka yakhe, iipawi ezili-117 ngokwenene ziphezulu ngaphezu komyinge. Oko akuthethi ukuba sisisindo esinempilo kuye. Esikhundleni sokujonga nje ubunzima bomntwana, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi malunga nesalathisi somzimba wabo.
Ukuphazamiseka kokutya kuqhelekileyo nangona abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba baye bafikelela kumanqanaba obhubhane. Kuqikelelo oluthile, malunga ne-5% yabasetyhini kunye ne-1% yamadoda abahluphekileyo ngenxa yesifo sokugula, njenge-anorexia nervosa okanye i-bulimia.
Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ezininzi zezi ngxaki ziqaliswe kwiminyaka eselula (76% phakathi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-11-20 kunye ne-10% kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10 ubudala), abazali nabahlengikazi kufuneka bafunde ukuqonda, ukuthintela nokuphatha abantwana abaneengxaki zokutya.
Ukuphazamiseka kokutya kunokubangela ukwelashwa okunzulu kunye nobungozi obusongela ubomi (ukungondleki, ukungcola, iinjongo, intliziyo kunye nomonakalo wesibindi) kunye neengxaki zengqondo (ukuxinezeleka, ukuzithemba, ukukhathazeka), ukubaluleka kokuqala kubalulekile.
Ingaba umntwana wakho unokufumana ingxaki yokutya?
Ingaba Umntwana Wakho Ungaphantsi?
Abantwana abane-BMI engaphantsi kwe-5 percentile yobudala babo bacinga ukuba bangaphantsi.
Ngenxa yobunzima bakhe, wayeza kufuneka abe ngaphezu kweenyawo ezi-6 ubude ukuba abe ne-BMI ngaphantsi kwe-5 percentile nangona kunjalo, ngoko ubunzima bakhe bube buhle.
Ingaba ude? Ekubeni umchaza njengomntu onobukhuni, unokube ...
Kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba unokuba nesisindo esiqhelekileyo kunye nesigqirha se-BMI kwaye usenaso isifo sokutya.
Iimpawu zengxaki yokutya
Ngokuqinisekileyo ukhankanya imiqondiso nempawu eziqhelekileyo eziza kuphakamisa inkxalabo yokuba unyana wakho unayo okanye uhlakulela ingxaki yokutya, kubandakanywa nokuba:
- Uye waqhubeka nokunciphisa umzimba, nangona 'ngoku
- Unomdla wokuziphakamisa kwakhe
- Usebenzisa onke amaxesha
- Mhlawumbi angadli ukutya okwaneleyo kwaye ufumane iikhalori ezaneleyo
Nangona ezinye zezinto ozithethileyo zinokuba ziqhelekileyo, ngokukodwa ukuba ufuna ukuzisebenzisa, udle ukutya okunempilo, kwaye ube 'yintambo yempilo,' into yokuba uvakalelwa kukuba 'akanakufumana isikhumba esaneleyo' kufuneka ukuba acingelwe ukuba isibonakaliso esikhulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unokrokrela ukuba umntwana unesifo sokutya xa unayo nayiphi na impawu ezilandelayo zeklasi, ezifana ne:
- Ukuba ungaphantsi komzimba, ukulahlekelwa ubunzima, okanye ukungabi nesisindo ngokuqhelekileyo. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba nabantwana ababonakala bebukhulu besifo banokufumana ingxaki yokutya kuxhomekeke kwinto abayenzayo ukugcina ubunzima babo.
- Uloyiko olukhulu lokufumana ubunzima okanye ukunyuka, ngakumbi xa umntwana wakho engaphantsi
- Ukuba nomfanekiso womzimba ophazamisekile, oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho ucinga ukuba ukhuluphele, nangona bebancinci okanye bunzima.
- Kwimantombazana eye iqalile ukuba nexesha eliqhelekileyo, ephethe i-amenorrhea, okanye ukungabikho kwemigangatho emithathu elandelanayo yokuhamba.
- Iziqwenga zokutya
- Ukuzama ukuthintela inzuzo yesisindo ngokwenza ukuhlanza okuzenzekelayo, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwelaxatives, i-diuretics, i-enemas, okanye iminye imithi, ukuzila ukudla okanye ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile.
- Ukula ukudla nokutya okuqhubekayo
Abantwana abaneempawu ezingabonakaliyo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuxilonga okanye ukufumana.
Ezi zibonakaliso ezingabonakaliyo zesifo sokutya zingabandakanya ukulahleka kweenwele, ukuguquka kwamanani okugqithiseleyo, ukunyamekela kwintyatyambo, ukunyuka kweenwele, ukugqithisa kweenwele, ukukhupha imithwalo yegazi emehlweni, ukuthatha i-OTC okanye ukulahlekelwa kwemithi yokulahlekelwa kwesisindo, ukunyanzelisa, ukuphuhliswa kokutya izithethe, ukungala ukudla, ukupheka ukudla, ukusalala emva kokutya (mhlawumbi ukuhlanza), ukuziphatha okuxothwayo, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukungafuni ukutya kunye nabanye abantu, ukubola kwezinyo, kunye nokugqokra izambatho zokufihla ukulahleka kwesisindo. Yaye uqaphele ukuba intombazana enomdla we-anorexia ngokuqhelekileyo unobuntu obunelungelo lobungcali kwaye liphezulu kakhulu esikolweni.
Ukucima i-Disorder Disorder
Ukuba ubona ezinye iimpawu zokulumkisa zengxaki yokutya kumntwana wakho, unokubuza imibuzo yokuhlola ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluninzi. Ngokutsho kweNkqubo yeSizwe yokuHlola ukuHlola, oku kubandakanya:
- Ngaba ukwesaba ukuba ukhuluphele?
- Ngaba uye wayidla ibinges apho uziva ungeke ukwazi ukuyeka?
- Ngaba uziva unetyala kakhulu emva kokutya?
- Ngaba uhlanza okanye unomdla wokuhlanza emva kokutya?
- Ngaba uziva ukuba ukutya kukulawula ubomi bakho?
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics ibonisa ukuba ucele umntwana wakho:
- Ucinga ukuba ufanele ulinganise ntoni?
- Yiyiphi eyona nto unakeke ukuyenza? Ude ubude kangakanani? Kwakuba nini?
- Yiyiphi encinci oye walinganisa kunyaka owedlule? Ude ubude kangakanani? Kwakuba nini?
- Ukuzivocavoca: buninzi kangakanani, ubuninzi kangakanani, izinga lobungakanani? Uxineke kangakanani xa ulahlekelwa umsebenzi?
Impendulo yomntwana wakho kule mibuzo ingakunceda ukuba ufumene ukuba okanye unayo nayiphi na impawu ze-classic ze-anorexia okanye i-bulimia. Ungase ubuze nokuba ngabaphi na abahlobo bakho beentsana banesifo sokutya. Yaye ungayihoyi imiqondiso yezilumkiso kubantwana abancinci. Khumbula ukuba i-10% yabantu abaneengxaki zokutya ziqala ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-10. Ngoko ke ukuba uneminyaka engama-8 okanye eneminyaka engama-9 ubudala ixhala malunga nokunyuka okanye ukuthetha ngokutya, khangela ezinye iiflegi ezibomvu ezinokutya ngxaki.
Kule ngxaki, umntwana wakho ufuna ukuphononongwa kwakhona kwiprofeshini yezempilo enamava aphatha abantwana abasenkingeni yokutya. I-dietician ebhalisiweyo ingaba yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala. Ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukuba abe nempilo kwaye kungekhona nje emncinci, basenokukwazi ukumnceda enze icebo lokutya okunempilo kwaye aqiniseke ukuba ufumana iikhalori ezaneleyo, iivithamini kunye nezinye izondlo, ukuba uphile kwaye uqhubeke ukhula ngokuqhelekileyo.
Umcebisi, isazi sezengqondo, okanye isifo sengqondo sinokuba luncedo, njengokuba unako isifo sakho sezingane, ngakumbi ukuba baye bahlakulela ubudlelwane obuhle kunye.
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uthatha umntwana wakho, iNational Disorder Disorder Association inikezela inkonzo yokuthunyelwa kwaye inokukunika 'uluhlu lwagqirha, izondlo, abacebisi, kunye neendawo zokuphululela izifo eziphambili.
Ipro-Anorexia kunye ne-Pro-Bulimia Information
Ngokumangalisa kuninzi oogqirha nabazali, kukho imibutho yamabhsayithi kunye newebhusayithi ezixhasa ngokwenene okanye zikhuthaza abantwaba ukuba badle ukuphazamiseka kokutya kunye nokuba yi-anorexic. Ezi ziquka i-anorexia (pro-ana) kunye newebsite ye-bulimia (pro-mia) equka iifriji zemifanekiso yamanqaku kunye nabadumileyo ababonakala bancinci (i-Clebs Super Thin), iingcebiso zokulahlekelwa ubunzima nokufihla ingxaki yabo yokutya, uludwe 'ukutya okukhuselekileyo' okungenawo amaninzi eekhalori kunye nokutya okunyusa imetabolism yakho (njenge-celery kunye ne-tea ehlaza), iiforam kunye namakamelo okuxoxa ukuze athethe namanye 'ama-rexies'.
Baxhasa kwakhona imiyalezo, efana ne 'Akukho nto iyakuthandayo njengezinto ezilungileyo,' 'Akukho nto imbi kangangokuthi ukulahlekelwa isisindo akuyi kunyanga,' unamanqaku malunga 'novuyo lweAnorexia', 'Ubuhle beBulimia', njani 'fundisani indlela yokudlala umdlalo onobungozi', nendlela yokufumana inani elincinci leekhalori ozifunayo ngalunye usuku ukuze uhlale uphila. Baphinde babe ne-pyramid yabo yokutya, equlethwe ngamanzi amaninzi, iipilisi zokutya, i-soda yokutya, ikhofi, kunye ne-cigarettes kwaye icebisa ukuba basebenzise ukutya ngokukhawuleza.
Kwaye banemithetho, njengaleyo 'I-THIN-imiyalelo' kunye 'neThinspirations'.
Ingaba umntwana wakho uyazi ukuba yintoni i-pro-ana okanye i-mia?
Ingaba uyazi ukuba ngubani 'iindlovu' (iindawo ezinkulu ze-pro-anas)?
Ngaba uzama ukuba ngumntwana okanye umia?
Ngaba uye wavakashela nayiphi na indlela yokutya i-disorder (pro ed) iwebhusayithi?
Ingaba unayo incwadi ye-ana okanye idayari?
Ngaba uye waqala ukugqoka isongo ebomvu njenge 'uhlobo' lokubambisana "nezinye izinto"?
Ingaba umntwana wakho uyaqonda ukuba i-anorexia ayiyiyo ikhetho kwaye kunokuba ngumlutha?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho uzama ukuba ngu-ana okanye i-mia okanye uneminye imiqondiso yesifo sokutya, ukuvavanya okubalulekileyo kubalulekile.
Iingxaki zokutya kwabantu
Nangona ukutya kwezixhaphaka ziqhelekileyo kwiintombazana eziselula kunye nabasetyhini abaselula, amadoda angaphinda ahlakulele ingxaki yokutya. Isiganeko sokuphazamiseka kokutya kwindoda kubonakala sinyuka, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba ucinge ngokuphathelele ukuphazamiseka kokutya kwintsapho kunye namadoda aselula.