I-OCD ikholelwa ukuba iya kubachaphazela abantu abadala abayi-1 kunye nabantwana abayi-1 kwabangu-200, ngokwe-International OCD Foundation (IOCDF). I-Association of Adxiety and Depress of America (ADAA) ithi i-age medium yaqala ngo-19, kunye neyesine yamatyala ayeneminyaka eyi-14. Elinye lesithathu labantu abadala abane-OCD babenomntwana njengengxaki yomntwana. I-ADH iqikelelwa ukuba ifuthe phakathi kwe-5-9% yabemi, kanti i-OCD ichaphazela malunga ne-1-2%.
Ingolwazi oluqhelekileyo lokuba i- OCD idibene nezinye izifo ezininzi, kubandakanywa nezinye iingxaki zokuxhalabisa kunye ne-Major Depression Disorder (MDD). Abaninzi bayaqaphela ukuba kukho iimpawu ze-crossover zokuziphatha okufana ne-OCD kunye nezinye izifo ezininzi. Njengoko kuxoxwe apha ngaphambili, i-Autism Spectrum Disorders kunye ne-ADHD ziphakathi kwazo.
Izizathu
I-OCD kunye ne-ADHD ngabantu abangaqhelekanga. Zombini zibangelwa iingxaki kwi-lobe yangaphambili, kodwa i-ADHD ibangelwa ukungasebenzi (ayinayo ngokwaneleyo i-dopamine kunye ne-norepinephrine) kwingqondo kunye ne-OCD ngenxa yokugqithisa (kakhulu i-serotonin).
Nangona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ADHD zikhoyo ngokuhluke kakhulu, zonke iintlobo zikholelwa ukuba zibangelwa ngamaqondo aphantsi e-dopamine kunye ne-norepinephrin ebuchosheni. Umntu onomdla ongathandabuzekiyo we-ADHD owenzelayo, ongenasiphelo, ongenasiphako kwaye engakhathaleli uya kubonakala echasene nomntu ophethe i-OCD, ngokuqhelekileyo uqaphele, agxininise kwaye anakekele.
Uhlobo olunezintlu ze-ADHD zihlala ziphazamisekile, zilungelelaniswe, ziphupha imini kwaye zilibala. Kwakhona, kungekhona iziphumo zakho ze-OCD. Abo bathanda mna abanalo uhlobo oludibeneyo lwe-ADHD (malunga ne-80%) baneempawu zombini.
I-Misdiagnosis
Ezi ngxaki zimbini zidideka xa umntwana (okanye umntu omdala kwindawo yokusebenza) kunye ne-OCD inenkathazo esikolweni.
Emva koko, i-ADHD, ebangela iingxaki ngokusebenza komsebenzi (inhlangano, ukucwangcisa, ukuqiqa, ukubeka phambili, ukuqhuba iiprojekthi, emva kokusebenza nomnye, njl), kuphazamisa eklasini. Umntwana ophethe i-OCD ochitha ixesha elide, wayilungiselela okanye uhlolisise iincwadi zakhe, ukubonelela kunye nokubhala ngesandla kunokubonakala ngathi unenkathazo nemisebenzi yolawulo xa eqinisweni, uzama ukufumana okanye ukugcina izinto idesksi kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ukuqonda okubangela ukuba ukuziphatha komntwana (okanye umntu omdala) kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo.
I-ADH ingakhokelela kwii- OCD ezifana nezakhono zokujamelana . Umntwana okanye umntu omdala onenkathazo yokufumana ilungelelaniso okanye ophazamiseka lula, unokuchitha ixesha elingaqhelekanga lokuhlela, ukuyalela nokucoca izinto. Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhawuleza, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-ADHD, kodwa lungaba yi-ADHD yokuxilonga. Abantu abaninzi abane-ADHD banokugqithiswa ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokungahambisani nendawo kwindawo yabo. Oku kudla ngokubangela ukuxhalaba okanye ukuvala. Ngenxa yoko, banokufunda izicwangciso zokuthintela i-clutter kunye nokulungelelaniswa okubonakala ngathi i-OCD iziphathamandla, oko kukuthi. ukuhlela, ukuyalela, ukujonga.
Ngokuphathelele ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-ADHD ikhona kuzo zonke iipoleni; I-OCD ngokuqhelekileyo ichanekile ngokubhekiselele kwiingcamango eziphosakeleyo kunye nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba akubona bonke abantu abane-OCD abanalo uhlobo oluphathelele ukwesaba iigciwane kunye nokucoca. Enyanisweni, ininzi ayinayo imizi engenabala okanye iickey. Nangona i-ADHD yayikhe yakholelwa ukuba iyachaphazela abantwana kuphela, uphando lugqitywe ngokuqinisekileyo; Izikhokelo zonyango zatshintshiwe ngo-2011 ukwenza i-ADHD esemthethweni, abaninzi banokuqhubeka benempawu ekukhuleni. Kwakukholelwa ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa komlingo emva kobuntwaba.
Unyango
Phantse ama-30% abantu abane-ADHD baye bafumana ukukhathazeka ngokuxhalabisa, kuquka i-OCD. Abo bafumana iingxaki nge-low dopamine kunye / okanye i-norepinephrin kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-serotonin ineneni i-OCD ne-ADHD.
Kule meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga izibini zombandezelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza oko kufuna udinga kunye nomonde.
Nangona unyango lwe-OCD kunye ne-SSRI aluqhelekanga kwi-ADHD (abanye baqikelele kwi-50% yabantu abane-ADHD nabo banokudakumba), imishanguzo evuselelayo esebenzayo ukuphatha i-ADHD inokukhuphula iimpawu ze-OCD ngeziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Ababhali bevame ukuphatha iimpawu ezibangela iingxaki ezininzi kuqala. Kulabo abanezifo zombini, zikhona imishanguzo engeyiyo imvuselelo ye-ADHD enokuba nefuthe elingaphantsi kwiimpawu ze-OCD.
Unyango lwee-OCD kunye ne-ADHD kufuneka lubandakanye ukulawulwa kwamachiza, unyango kunye nokuzinceda.