Abahlukumezi be-opioids bakhangwa yi-heroin engabonakaliyo
Ukunyuka kweenkonzo eziphuthumayo kwisebe ye-heroin kunye nokunyuka kwindleko ye-heroin ebanjwe ukuthotyelwa komthetho kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo ibonise ukunyuka kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kulo lonke elaseMelika.
Iindaba zoovimba beendaba kwilizwe lonke lichaze umgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwe- heroin egcinwe ngunyango lwezempilo kunye namagosa okuthotyelwa komthetho.
Iziphathamandla zicatshulwa kumajelo eendaba ukuba isizathu sokwandiswa kwafuneka ngenxa yecandelo lokuchithwa kwelokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi . Ukuphunyezwa kweeprogram zokulandelela imithi kunye nokuvala "iipilisi zezidakamizwa" ezaziwayo ngokukhethekileyo eFlorida kubangele ukungabikho kwemithi yokugulisa i-anti-painist yesitalato kunye nokwanda okwenyukayo kwixabiso.
Ngenxa yeepilisi ezibuhlungu ukufumana kunye nokubiza ngakumbi, abantu abaye bahlakulela umlutha kwimithi yokugonywa ngokukhawuleza baqala ukubuyela kwi- heroin , amagosa ayicinga, ngenxa yokuba ngokukhawuleza yayishibhile kwaye ikhona.
Shift kuHerinin Akukho Nqununu yeNkolelo
Ngoku ke loo mbono ayisekho ukucinga kodwa ixhaswe ngophando lwezesayensi, okuyi-uphando lwezigulane ezingaphezu kwezi-15,000 ezingama-49 eziye zafuna unyango lwe-opioid yazo umdaka kwixesha eliphantse iminyaka eli-7.
Abaphandi e-Washington University School of Medicine eSt. Louis babhekisele kwizigulane ezili-15,227 ukusuka ngoJan. 1, 2008 ukuya kuSeptemba 31, 2014. Ezi zigulane zacelwa ukuba zizalise uphando olungabonakaliyo njengoko zifake iinkqubo ezingekho phantsi kwe-methadone zonyango kwi-US.
Babuzwa malunga neziyobisi zabo ezikhethiweyo kunye neepateni zokusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweHerinin kwandiswe ngokuphawulekayo
Abathathi-nxaxheba banikezwa ithuba lokugqiba ingxoxo epheleleyo ye-intanethi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwabo kweziyobisi xa bekulungele ukuyeka ukungaziwa kwabo. Ku-15,227, i-267 kuphela ivumelene neengxoxo ze-intanethi.
Ngo-2014, phantse i-42% yabasebenzisi beziyobisi befuna unyango bachaza ukuba bathathe i-heroin kunye ne-prescription painners ngaphakathi kwenyanga yokungena unyango. Ngonyaka ka-2008, kuphela i-23.6% eyayixelele ukusebenzisa zombini izidakamizwa inyanga ngaphambi kokuba unyango.
Utshintsho olutsha ukuya kwiDrak Old
Phantse iminyaka engama-7 yesifundo, uphando lufumene ukuba kuzwelonke:
- Abo baphatha kakubi kuphela i-opioid ye-odino yancipha i-6.1%.
- Abo baphatha kakubi izidakamizwa kunye ne-heroin banda 10.3%.
- Abo baxhaphaza kuphela i-heroin banda 14.1%
Iimpawu zengingqi zihluke kwi-Heroin Usetyenziso
Xa bephuhliwe ngaphaya kwemimandla yelizwe, abaphandi bafumene ukuhluka okuvela kumgangatho wesizwe, abaphandi babika.
"EmaMpuma nakumaWest, i-heroin edibeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezisemthethweni kugqithiseleyo ukusetyenziswa okusemthethweni kwe-opioids," kusho umphenyi ophezulu uTheodore J. Cicero, Ph.D. "Lo mkhonto awubonakali nakwiMiddle West, kwaye kwi-Deep South, sibone ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kweziyobisi-kodwa akukho heroine."
IHerinin i-Supplement to Pain Pills
Uphononongo lubone ukuba bambalwa abasebenzisa kakubi imithi yokugulisa i-prescription ye-painillers ngokupheleleyo bayinikela ukuba bathathe i- heroin . Endaweni yoko, abaninzi basebenzisa i-heroin ukuze bafumane iipilisi zabo zentlungu.
"Sibona abantu abambalwa kakhulu ukuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-opioids ye-opioids, kuba kunjalo, basebenzisa izidakamizwa zombini," kusho uCicero. "Akukho nto ishintsho kwi heroin, ndicinga ukuba ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuba ngumlutha weziyobisi."
Oku kungenzeka ngenxa yokuba kusekho i-stigma ehambelana nokusetyenziswa kwe-heroin, uCicero uthe.
Ukufumaneka, Iindleko kwiNguqulelo
"Abantu babesoloko besitshela ngokuqhelekileyo, 'Ubuncinci andiyisebenzisi i heroin,' xa sabuza malunga nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi," kusho uCicero. "Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaninzi baye bawutyeshela ukuba ukuphazamiseka, ngenxa yokuba i-heroin ingabizi kwaye ifikeleleke kwaye kuba babone abahlobo kunye nabamelwane basebenzisa i-heroin."
Kodwa, umlutha ngumlutha. Ukuba abantu abaye banomlwelwe kwi-anti-pain painkillers bafumana nzima ukuba bafumane, baya kuhamba kwindawo ethile.
"Ukuba abasebenzisi abakwazi ukufumana iziyobisi zonyango, bangathatha nantoni na into ekhoyo, kwaye ukuba ngaba heroin, basebenzisa i-heroin," kusho uCicero.
Abo bagqityileyo intetho egciniweyo ye-intanethi, abaye basebenzisa izidakamizwa zemithi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-heroin, bathi batshintshe kwi-heroin ngezizathu ezifanelekileyo-ukufikelela kunye neendleko.