Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive Therapy yiNkathazo yokuPhathwa kweengqondo
Ukwelashwa kwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT) yindlela yokwenza unyango lwengqondo olubandakanyeka ekunciphiseni ukutshatyalaliswa nokusetyenziswa kombane xa isigulane singaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Ekuqaleni kwaziwa njengonyango lwe-electroshock, i-ECT yaqala ukuqaliswa ngabafundi be-italikiya base-Italiya ngo-1938. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinokubangela ukugulisa ukugula kwengqondo kubakho ukusukela ekuqaleni kwe-1500s.
Yaba yindlela eyaziwayo yeengqondo ngexesha le-1940 neye-1950, ngokukodwa ekunyangekeni kwengcinezelo enkulu. I-Stigma eqhotyoshelwe ekusebenziseni i-ECT yabangela ukwehla kokusetyenziswa kwayo ngexesha lama-1960. Ukuvela kwamachiza asebenza ngengqondo ukuphatha ukuxinezeleka kwanenxaxheba ekunciphiseni kwayo. Namhlanje, unyango lwe-electroconvulsive lusetyenziswa njengonyango lweengxaki zokudandatheka, i-mania kunye ne-schizophrenia, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuqhubeka kungqubuzana.
Izibalo ze-ECT
- Phantse iipesenti ezingama-70 zezigulane ze-ECT ngabasetyhini.
- Izinga lokukhutshwa liqikelelwa libe phakathi kwama-60 no-70 ekhulwini.
- Kwimibiko enye, phakathi kweepesenti ezingama-29 no-55 zezigulane zazikholelwa ukuba ziye zafumanisa ukulahlekelwa kwememori ngokusisigxina ngenxa ye-ECT.
- ENgilani, abantu abangaphezu kwe-11 000 bafumana i-ECT ngonyaka.
- Phakathi kowe-1975 no-1980, kwakukho ukuhla kwe-46 kweepesenti ekusebenziseni i-ECT e-United States.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ECT kwahlala kuzinzile kwiminyaka yee-1980, kwaze kwaqala ukunyuka kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.
- Ngaphezu kweyesithathu kwezilwanyana ze-ECT baneminyaka engama-65 ubudala nangaphezulu.
- Ukusetyenziswa kubantwana kunye nentsha ihlala ingabonakali. Kwisifundo se-1993, ngaphantsi kwe-0,20 ekhulwini yezigulane ezithola i-ECT zingaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18.
Ukusebenza
Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwe-ECT kuqhubeka kungquzulana, uphando olutsha lwangoku kunye nokuphononongwa kweencwadi zibonisa ukuba ingaba unyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo, ingakumbi kwimeko yokudakumba okukhulu.
Ngo-1941 unyango lwe-electroconvulsive (ECT) lwasetyenziswe kwisiqingatha seziko lempilo yengqondo e-United States. I-ECT itholakale iphumelele kwezinye izigulane ezingaphenduliyo kwezinye iindlela zokwelapha, kubandakanywa nezidakamizwa ezichasayo. Enye indlela zokunciphisa amathuba okulimala kwengqondo yimiba yokuvuselela kwaye isebenzise ngokufutshane, kuphela xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zihlulekile.
Ububungqina obuxhasa ukuphumelela kwe-ECT ekudandathekeni bunzima. Kwiinkalo eziliqela, i-ECT yabonakala iyasebenza ngakumbi kunezinye iindlela. Kukho nantlukwano ebonakalayo ekusebenziseni kwayo, ngoko isetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza.
Kwiziphumo zecala
Iziphumo ezivela kwi-ECT ziquka ukulahleka kwememori, ukulahlekelwa ngonaphakade, amathambo aphukileyo, iintloko kunye nokufa. Kukho iingxaki ezinzulu ezikhoyo, ingakumbi umngcipheko wokulimala kwengqondo. Ngaphambi kokungena kwi-ECT, ncokola nodokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhathele ezinye iindlela kunye nokuxoxa ngeengozi zakho.
Olungakumbi malunga ne-ECT
Ukufumana i-akhawunti yangempela yesifo sengqondo ngesifo se-electroconvulsive, qiniseka ukuba ukhangele i -ECT Diary Diary . Omnye umfundi uxelela amava akhe ngenkqubo ye-ECT, kubandakanya ukuba kungani wakhetha ukwenza inkqubo, iziphumo zonyango kunye neemvakalelo zakhe ekupheliseni unyango.
Isikhokelo sethu sokuxinezeleka, uNancy Schimelpfening, sinolwazi olungakumbi malunga noko kwenzekayo ngaphambili, ngexesha, nangemva kwe-ECT .
Umthombo:
UKarlney, S. "unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive". IBritish Medical Journal. 1343-1344. 2003.
ZeMental Health eMelika. Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive. 2015.